This paper reviews the revisions of the National Curriculum of English, featuring the characteristics of each revision on which the government educational policies have been heavily reflected. On the basis of the analysis of a variety of literature on the National Curriculum and of Korea's sociopolitical and educational surroundings, points that need improving plus future directions of Korea's English education are presented in a summarizing manner. It was revealed that education in Korea has been heavily influenced by politics. This was inevitable in some way, but it seems necessary to make every effort to let education come before politics.

A continuing challenge for English educators and policy makers in Korea is how to provide the right amount of good English education in an effective and efficient way, to help achieve the needed level of English communication skills. No efforts would turn out successful if the amount and the quality of public English education did not meet people's expectations. In order to plan and implement successful English education policies, it is necessary to figure out what kind of English education and how much of it are needed for Korean people. The current study aims to investigate what levels of English speaking proficiency Korean people perceive they need. The study first reviews some widely-used international English oral proficiency standards, then, compares those with the level descriptions of the Korea’s national curriculum of English. To gather information on the current level of English speaking proficiency, and the expected level of English speaking proficiency, 356 teachers (123 elementary school, 114 middle school, 119 high school), 696 students (179 elementary school, 222 middle school, 295 high school), and 650 parents (164 elementary, 212 middle school, 274 high school) from all the 16 district education authorities, were surveyed and interviewed. The results are presented with the discussion of the future directions of English education in Korea.

An electrochemical treatment has great efficiency for the removal of non-biodegradable material and it has high applicability in wastewater treatment due to its short operating time. The purpose of this study using an electrochemical process is to provide fundamental data on the cutting fluid treatment, which has difficulties in the treatment of nonbiodegradable material. The results are as follows. Experimental data in relation to applied voltage and concentration of NaCl are outlined. With no addition of NaCl, and an applied voltage of 5 V, 10 V, or 15 V for 60 mins, the removal rates of CODMn were 29.87%, 55.32%, and 67.27% for each voltage. The removal rates of CODCr were 39.51%, 70.73%, and 85.37%, respectively. The removal rates of CODMn and CODCr increased with increasing applied voltage. These experimental results showed that the removal rate of COD with varying concentrations of NaCl (0 mM, 5 mM, 10 mM) increased increasing NaCl concentration.