본 연구에서는 2009~2010년 동안 한강 수계 인공댐 호소수 8개 지점 및 한강 본류 수계의 하천수 10개 지점 의 총 18개 지점에서 인공댐 및 하류역 하천들에 대한 수 질변이특성을 평가하고자 하였다. 이미 건설된 연속적 인 공댐들이 상류로부터 하류까지 질소 (N), 인(P), 엽록소-a (CHL-a) 등의 화학적 수질 구배특성(Chemical gradient) 에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 수질 변수간의 경험적 모델 (Empirical model)을 적용하여 하절기 몬순강우 특성 및 연별 집중강우 영향을 분석하였다. 한강수계는 상류에서 하류로 갈수록 수질이 악화되는 경향을 보였고 특히, 점 오염원에 의한 오염물질의 유입은 수질변이에 가장 크게 작용하였으며, 특히 하류부의 중랑천 유입수는 수질을 급 격하게 악화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 하절기의 몬순 강우는 하류역에서 총인(TP), 총질소(TN) 및 전기전도도 (EC)값을 크게 낮추어 수질향상에 기여하였다. 5개의 인 공댐들에서 총질소(TN), 총인(TP) 및 N:P 무게비에 대한 엽록소-a (CHL-a)의 경험적 모델식 평가에 따르면, 로그 전환된 총인(TP)은 엽록소-a (CHL-a)농도 변이를 33.8% (R2=0.338, p⁄0.001, 회귀식 기울기=0.710) 설명하였으 나, 총질소 (TN) 변이는 21.4% 설명에 그쳤다 (R2=0.214, p⁄0.001). 또한 N:P 무게비의 산정에 따르면, 본 인공호 들에서는 모두 N:P 비가 29 이상으로 인 제한효과로 나타 났으며, 총질소(TN)의 농도는 모든 수체에서 이미 1000 μg L-1을 상회하여 조류성장에 풍부한 것으로 나타나 엽 록소-a (CHL-a)의 증감은 인(P)에 의해 조절되는 인 제한 요인(P-limitation)으로 나타났다. 그러나 엽록소-a (CHLa) 의 증감은 또한 개별적 인공댐에서 보여주는 바와 같이 부유물 증가에 의한 광투과도 저하, 수체류시간 감소에 의한 세척효과(Washing-out) 등도 부가적으로 영향을 미 치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 한강수계에서 하천 및 인공댐의 연속선 상에서 하천에 대한 댐의 이화학적 수 질 특성에 미치는 영향은 미미한 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 유입 지천과 하천 유역의 점오염원으로부터의 방류수 유 입은 이화학적 수질 변이에 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 연속적 인공댐의 수체에서 대형 무척추 동물 및 어류와 같은 생물학적 지표를 이용한 영향평가 도 수질과 같은 측면에서 연구될 필요가 잇는 것으로 사 료되었다.

This study examined whether any changes by mental task types on postural control in chronic stroke persons. Sixteen chronic stroke persons (mean age=53.75 yr) and sixteen age-and gender-matched healthy controls (mean age=54.44 yr) took part in this study. Participants randomly performed three different tasks on the stable and unstable surfaces. The no mental task was to stand while holding a 100 g weight in each hand, the arithmetic task (mental task) was to perform a silent 1-backwards counting while standing and holding a 100 g weight in each hand, and the simple task (mental task) was to stand and hold with both hands a tray (200 g) on which a glass filled with water has been placed. Sway path and sway velocity of the center of pressure (COP) were measured to assess standing postural control by task performance using the force platform. According to the results, in stroke group, total sway path and total sway velocity of COP was significantly decreased during arithmetic and simple task compared to no mental task on the stable surface (p<.05), and sway path (anteroposterior AP, mediolateral ML) of COP, total and sway velocity (AP, ML, total) of COP was significantly decreased during arithmetic and simple task compared to no mental task on the unstable surface (p<.05). Especially, sway path (AP, total) of COP and sway velocity (AP, ML, total) of COP was significantly decreased under the simple task when compared to the arithmetic task on the unstable surface (p<.05). In healthy control group, sway path (AP, ML, total) of COP and sway velocity (AP, ML, total) of COP was significantly decreased during arithmetic and simple task compared to no mental task on the stable and unstable surface (p<.05), and sway path (AP, total) of COP and sway velocity (AP, ML, total) of COP was significantly decreased under the simple task when compared to the arithmetic task on the unstable surface (p<.05). In conclusion, the findings of this study showed that arithmetic and simple task improved standing postural control for chronic stroke patients and the type of arithmetic and simple tasks were critical factor that reduced standing postural sway in dual-task conditions. Future research should determine whether dual-task conditions, including simple task, would be effective as a training program for standing postural control of stroke patients.

This study is performed to investigate the difference of the spinal stability system with and without low back pain. There were 9 participants with low back pain and 9 asymptomatic subjects to be recruited, they were measured thoracic and lumbar curvature, trunk muscle activation in upright sitting postures and slump sitting, back muscle endurance, and lumbar proprioception. Spinal curvature and surface electromyography of 4 trunk muscles were measured in an upright sitting postures and slump sitting in 18 subjects. The result of the study was that there were significant differences between the groups in spinal curvature (p<.05), significantly higher external oblique activity and less internal oblique in the low back pain group than the healthy subjects (p<.05), and significantly less proprioception in the low back pain group (p<.05). But there was not a significant difference between the trunk muscle endurance groups. According to the result, the low back pain group had greater thoracic extension and higher global muscle activity in the upright sitting posture and less proprioception. This study was useful to suggest postural training for normal muscle activation, selective muscle strengthening to prevent chronic deterioration, and helpful in making a treatment plan to indicate a synthetic care method that includes increasing proprioception.