Six concrete beam specimens reinforced with multiple layers of reinforcement and combinations of different reinforcement types (steel, GFRP, and CFRP bars), and four FRP bar-reinforced concrete beams with fibers were constructed and tested. An investigation was performed on load-carrying capacity, post cracking stiffness, cracking pattern, and ductility for all specimens. Addition of fibers and hybrid reinforcing with steel bars can be possible methods to overcome the low stiffness and ductility of FRP bar-reinforced beams.

The fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthening is significantly effective for enhancing the performances of concrete to the high strain rate loadings. However, the FRP retrofitted concrete members show different behaviors comparing to quasi-static cases. This study presents experimental observation on behaviors of meso-scale concrete members retrofitted with FRP sheets under low-velocity drop-weight impact loadings. Concrete specimens with the dimensions of 100×100×400 mm were fabricated and various FRP sheets were attached. The specimens with a reinforced bottom surface and the doubly reinforced specimens showed much higher energy absorptions. Also, reinforced concrete (RC) members were cast and reinforced with CFRP sheets. The FRP flexural and shear strengthening RC beams has weakness in the spalling failure because the impact load concentrated the concrete face which is not strengthened with FRP sheets.

RuO2 박막을 전극으로 하여 Pt/Ti/Si 기판 위에 RuO2 /LiPON/RuO2의 다층 구조로 이루어진 전고상의 박막형 마이크로 슈퍼캐패시터를 제작하였다. 전극용 RuO2박막은 반응성 dc 마그네트론 스퍼터를 이용하여 O2/[Ar+O2]비를 증가시키며 성장시켰고, 비정질 LiPON 고체전해질 박막은 순수한 질소분위기 하에서 rf 스퍼터링으로 성장시켰다. 상온에서의 충-방전 측정을 통해 RuO2 박막의 미세구조에 따라 슈퍼캐패시터의 사이클 특성이 영향을 받는 것을 알 수 있었다. Glancing angle x-ray diffraction(GXRD)과 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) 분석을 통해 산소 유량의 증가가 RuO2박막의 미세 구조의 영향을 주는 것을 알 수 있었고, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) 분석을 통해 산소 유량 비의 증가가 Ru과 산소간의 결합에도 영향을 줌을 알 수 있었다. 또한 사이클 후 슈퍼캐패시터의 TEM 및 AES depth profiling 분석을 통해, 충-방전 시 RuO2와 LiPON과의 계면반응에 의해 형성된 계면 층이 사이클 특성에 영향을 줌을 알 수 있었다.

코발트 산화물 박막을 전극으로 하여 Pt/Ti/Si 기판위에 Co3O4/LiPON/Co3O4로 구성된 전고상의 박막형 슈퍼캐패시터를 제작하였다. 각각의 Co3O4박막은 반응성 dc 마그네트론 스퍼터를 이용하여 O2/[Ar+O2] 비를 증가 시키며 성장시켰고, 비정질 LiPON 고체전해질 박막은 순수한 질소분위기 하에서 rf 스퍼터링으로 성장시켰다. 비록 벌크 타입의 슈퍼캐패시터에 비해 낮은 전기용량 (5-25mF/cm2-μm)을 가졌지만, Co3O4/LiPON/Co3O4 구조로 제작된 전고상 박막형 슈퍼캐패시터는 벌크 타입과 비슷한 거동을 나타내었다 0-2V의 전압구간, 50μA/cm2의 전류밀도에서 약 400사이클 까지 안정한 방전용량을 유지함을 관찰할 수 있었다 이러한 전고상 박막형 슈퍼캐패시터의 전기화학적 특성은 O2/[Ar+O2] 비에 의존하는데, 이러한 의존성을 구조적, 전기적 특성 및 표면특성을 분석하여 설명하였다.

In this study, the explosion resistance on the normal strength concrete and HPFRCC structure members were evaluated. As a result of TNT ignition test, blow out occurred in normal strength concrete structure member, but HPFRCC structure member only cracked slightly. The structure member with 180 MPa HPFRCC has excellent resistance against explosive load. Therefore, HPFRCC is considered to be applicable to national main facilities and major military facilities.

In this study, We evaluated the impact resistance of structural member using high performance fiber reinforced cementitous composite according to compressive strength. As the compressive strength of structural member using HPFRCC increased, the deflection of the structural member decreased. The highest resistance of deflection occurred at 180 MPa HPFRCC.

In order to prevent tendon from corrosion and to provide a sufficient bond between tendon and concrete, post-tensioning grout has been used. But, the normal mixture with w/c ratio of 0.40 and add the expansive agent for 1% was not support for specification(BS EN 445) compliance. Thus, it should add some supplementary cementitious materials to improve the properties. Therefore, based on this test result, not only evaluation of bleeding, volume change, fluidity, and compressive strength, but also estimation of the shrinkage of post-tensioning grout under restrained condition remains as a pressing need.