This study aims to model an accident that occurred at building demolition work sites in Gwangju in 2021 by using functional resonance analysis method(FRAM) and to understand a range of factors contributing to the accident based on the concepts and principles of FRAM and Safety-II. The nature of building demolition works needs to be understood from the viewpoint of socio-technical systems. Not only technical factors but also non-technical factors, including human, organizational, and political factors, and their complicated interrelationships should be considered in the modeling and analysis of accidents happening in the works. Because of the inherent complexity of a demolition works, it is unlikely to specify all of the necessary activities to be conducted in the works and their accountable actors. Additionally, unexpected situations are likely to happen and therefore some activity procedures cannot be followed in a prescribed way, which means that workers sometimes should conduct their activities in an improvisional way. Those characteristics of building demolition works indicate that a traditional accident analysis method based on a linear cause-effect relationship would be inadequate, and that more systemic approaches that can deal with the socio-technical complexities and characteristics of demolition works should be used. With this in mind, we applied FRAM to the accident happening in Gwangju in 2021 and attempted to understand the accident based on the concepts and principles of FRAM and Safety-II (e.g. a functional variablity and its propagation to another function). Lastly, we also suggested ways to enhance the safety of building demolition working sites.

This paper investigates Korean-Chinese bilingual speakers’ processing of Korean plural marker -tul. It employed masked priming experiments with a word judgment task for Korean-Chinese speakers from Yanbian, China. The masked priming experiments compared the subjects’ response time in three different prime-target pairs: identical condition, unrelated condition, and test condition. The data of the experiments was analyzed in two different ways: subject analyses and item analyses. The subject analyses of the study showed partial priming effects and the item analyses full priming effects. These findings indicate that Chinese-Korean bilinguals seem to be sensitive to morphological structure of a morphologically complex words in Korean and less dependent on the lexical storage of the full form, as is usually found in L2 learners’ morphological processing.