The standardized activated sludge for the biodegradation test of anion surfactants has been produced from the collected microorganisms in the soil and the wastewaters treatment plant. The activated sludge was kept under control of the pH, dissolved oxygen, microorganisms and inoculated the basal medium flasks with LAS and LAS mixed with heavy metals [Cd(II), Cu(II), Zn(II)]. Based of results, the inhibition effect(%) of heavy metals in LAS biodegradation were 1. All 1% when LAS 30mg/l-Cd(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) 0.1mg/l, respectively 2. All 1~10% when LAS 30mg/l-Cd(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) 1mg/l, respectively 3. All 10~40% when LAS 30mg/l-Cd(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) 10mg/l, respectively 4. All 30~65% when LAS 30mg/l-Cd(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) 100mg/l, respectively And toxicity order of heavy metals to the microorganisms in LAS biodegradation were Cd〉Cu〉Zn in low concentration(0.1~1mg/l)and Cd〉Zn〉Cu in high concentration(10~100mg/l).

This study is on the biodegradability of the activated sludge, which used to biodegrade Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate(LAS), synthetic detergents and sufactants. The activated sludge in waste water treatment plant is used to the test of biodegradation of anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants, but it have the periodic change of the biological propety to the lapse of the time. For the puropse of controlling and adjusting of the activated sludge in biodegradation test, we collected microorganisms from the sewage plant and the soil, and then, made the activated sludge in semicontinuous aeration chamber. From determined biodegradation data, and the degree of biodegradability to the LAS, we confirmd the standardized synthetic activated sludge which have more stable biodegradability than the sewage activated sludge. In continuous biodegradation test, LAS(dodecene-1) was biodegraded more than 99%, In 7days by the standardized activated sludge.

최근 국내의 재건축, 재개발 등의 활성화로 인해 건설폐기물이 지속적으로 발생하며 그 발생량은 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 건설폐기물은 증가하는 만큼 건축자재의 수급 또한 증가하여 건축자재를 얻기 위해 강가 훼손, 채굴, 벌목 등으로 자연환경을 파괴하게 된다. 또한 건물 해체 시 불필요한 물질들이 대량으로 배출되는 등 자연과 생태환경 변화를 야기 시키고 있어 적절한 관리가 필요로 하고 있다. 발생한 건설폐기물 소각재를 재활용하는 방안으로 본 연구에서는 건설폐기물 소각재와 황토, 일라이트를 주원료로 사용하여 내장용 벽돌의 제작 가능성을 검토하고자 하였다. 기초시료인 건설폐기물 소각재, 황토, 일라이트를 분석한 결과, 소각재, 일라이트는 SiO₂, Al₂O₃ 성분이 약 70 ~ 80%로 주를 이루었고 황토의 경우, 고창 황토는 붉은 색을 띄는 철 성분이 많이 함유되어 있어 SiO₂, Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃가 주를 이루고 있다. 소각재, 황토, 일라이트를 비율별로 혼합하여, 1100℃, 1130℃, 1200℃ 온도별로 소성하여 일반점토벽돌 기준에 명시되어 있는 압축강도와 흡수율을 측정하였다. 그 결과 15:65:20(소:황:일) 혼합율로 1130℃에서 소성시켰을 때, 압축강도는 보통벽돌 품질 2종인 150 kgf/cm² 이상을 보였으며, 흡수율은 1종의 14% 이하로 나타나 벽돌로써의 가능성을 판단할 수 있었다. 제작한 벽돌을 가지고 더 나아가 황토와 일라이트의 기능인 탈취, 흡착에 관한 실험과 원적외선, 음이온 방사에 대한 조사를 진행할 예정이다.

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of the environmental education system focusing on the knowledge, attitude and practice in relation to environmental education to the students in Mokpo middle school. The study is accomplished by the survey which includes a total of 268 inquiry lists sampled from four groups of the middle school, one of which composing of two middle schools having the environmental curriculum, hereafter referred as 'the case group' and the other group of two middle schools without the curriculum, hereafter referred as the 'the control group'. From the results of the average scores on the environmental knowledge, attitude and practice between the two groups, the case group showed better knowledge scores than the control group (p<0.05). The case group with environmental education were relatively high to the control group without environmental education to the attitude(p<0.05), and did not showed signifiant differences in the environmental practice. From the results of stepwise multiple regression analysis, the factor affecting the environmental knowledges was the interest in the environment problems (R2=0.130), economic status, academic achievement and the necessity of environment conservations in order. The factor most affecting to environmental attitude and practice were the interest in environmental problems of the parents.