This study represented simulation that analyzes extreme load effect based on reasonable probability model reflected actual traffic characteristics on a bridge. Through its simulation, vehicular loads for load carrying capacity assessment were developed by considering traffic characteristics and remaining service life, various structure. According to the analysis results on traffic characteristics through its simulation, extreme load effect tended to increase as the traffic volume and heavy vehicle proportion increase.

Based on the study of bridge live loads and traffic modes for using WIM datas, it was found that the structural integrity of bridges was damaged by overloaded heavy vehicles. The objective of the study is to investigate the statistical characteristics of vehicle loadings based on survey data collected, in which some major factors, such as vehicle configurations, vehicle weights, traffic modes, etc., are incorporated. The vehicle load effects due to single presence of heavy truck are also tested with several short- span bridges and probabilistic characteristics of current design practices are evaluated.

The trend of heaviness causes the increase in the number of overloaded vehicles on a bridge, which is a difficulty in the decision of design live load. However, there is no established system to control the overloaded vehicles. In this paper, a management system to control the total number of heavy vehicles on a bridge using BWIM. The traffic management system uses the control methods based on approaching time intervals.

Degree of damage of the bridge and safety level is closely related to the characteristics of the lifetime maximum load effect that occur on the bridge. Maximum load effect is dominated by traffic characteristics such as heavy vehicle composition and daily traffic volume. The purpose of the study is to analyze the structural characteristics of vehicle loading based on survey data collected, in which some major factors, such as vehicle configurations, vehicle wieghts, traffic modes by the probabilistic approach. Then, this study perform analysis of the safety level as compared with design criteria domestic highway bridges the current regulations are enclosed.

This study shows experimental loading tests on monolithic and spliced hybrid PSC girders with Y-type perfobond rib shear connectors. The main purposes of the study are to investigate the static behaviors of joint parts in the spliced girder and load-resisting capacity of Y-type perfobond rib shear connectors in steel-concrete composite connections. Two specimens (monolithic and spliced girder) with 10.3m length were manufactured and tested. As results of the loading tests, static it is expected that the spliced girder can be utilized effectively in practical design. In addition, Y-type perfobond rib shear connectors can be applied adequately in steel-concrete composite connections.

This study mainly focuses on presenting a rational procedure of assessing target reliability level of nuclear containment. The target reliability level can be obtained by considering LCC(Life Cycle Cost) of damage and operation. The LCC evaluation results in the different environmental situations. It is verified that this deviation of LCC can be adjusted by selecting the proper initial target reliability. In addition, slight increase of initial target reliability for the nuclear containment aiming a longer service life, therefore, the total expected loss during the extended service years can be maintained in the same level as the total loss expected in the 20-year service life for the existing containment structures.