This study assessed the quality characteristics of Yanggaeng prepared with different ratios of Citrus mandarin powder: 0, 2, 4, and 6%. The moisture content was lowest in the controls, while there were no significant differences among the groups supplemented with Citrus mandarin powder. The pH significantly decreased as the amount of Citrus mandarin powder increased. The lightness (L), redness (a), and yellowness (b) were lower in control groups compared to Citrus mandarin powder groups. Texture profile analysis showed that the hardness of the Citrus mandarin powder groups were lower than the control (which was the highest). The total polyphenol and flavonoid content and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity increased as the amount of Citrus mandarin powder increased. The result of a sensory evaluation test revealed no significant differences between the controls and groups with 2% Citrus mandarin powder added in color, smell, taste, texture, and overall acceptability.

A paradoxical response in tuberculosis is defined as clinical and radiological worsening of previous lesions or development of new lesions after initial improvement during the process of anti-tuberculous treatment. The authors report on a patient who developed massive pleural effusion as a paradoxical response after 8 weeks of anti-tuberculous treatment. The patient’s symptoms were improved with thoracostomy without any change of anti-tuberculous medications. If symptoms worsen during the process of anti-tuberculous treatment, drug resistance, non-compliance, or other diseases should be excluded first. If it is regarded as a paradoxical response, the treatment plan need not be changed except for additional conservative treatment.