The purposes of this study were to analyze gait patterns of patients with chronic lumboscaral radiculopathy and to investigate gait parameters which can reflect a functional deficit in relation to the level of lumbosacral radiculopathy. The study population consisted of 25 patients of chronic lumbosacral radiculopathy and 25 healthy control subjects. Conventional physical examinations and three-dimensional gait analyses were performed on all participants. The data were analyzed using an independent sample t-test. The results were as follows: (1) In the patients' group, cadence, walking velocity, stride length and double support time were less than in the control group (p<.05). (2) In the patients' group, maximum flexion of hip, maximum flexion of loading response, maximum flexion of swing phase on the knee and maximum plantar flexion of pre-swing were less than the control group (p<.05). Using three-dimensional gait analysis, we could identify specific gait parameters to reflect a functional deficit related to the level of lumbosacral radiculopathy.

본 연구는 오늘날 강조되고 있는 인성교육의 내실화를 위해 학교교육과정의 운영방안 을 탐색한 것이다. 먼저 인성과 인성교육의 의미를 탐색하였으며, 학교교육과정에서 인 성교육의 변천, 인성교육의 방안으로 강조된 범교과학습의 의미와 한계를 고찰하였다. 인성교육이 범교과학습이나 교과 외 활동을 통해서보다는 교과를 통해 이루어져야 한 다는 입장을 전제하였다. 따라서 인성교육을 위해서는 무엇보다 교과가 강조되어야 한 다는 점, 인성의 요소가 강조될 수 있도록 교육과정의 융합이나 통합이 필요하다는 점, 그리고 인성교육을 위한 교육과정 설계의 방안으로 백워드 설계를 살펴보았다. 또한 교 과를 학습하는 과정에서 자연스럽게 인성을 함양할 수 있기 위해서는 교사가 길러야할 인성 역량이 중요함을 인식하면서 예비교사 교육에서 고려할 점을 모색하였다. 그리고 인성교육의 효과를 의미 있게 밝히기 위한 평가 상의 고려 점을 탐색하였다.

Since organized living cooperative associations sold their environment-friendly agricultural products directly to independent consumers in the past, the general distribution channels such as wholesalers had difficulty in handling these products. However, the ratio of distribution via wholesale channel has been gradually increased as consumption of environment-friendly agricultural products has expanded. This study is to address vitalization of wholesale distribution for environmentfriendly agricultural products by gathering previous statistical data and analysis. In addition, statistical analysis are conducted by utilizing surveys on forwarders, consumers for environment-friendly agricultural products. As a result, the products producers ship are distributed through dealers at producers sites, producers cooperatives, or food process companies, food companies, internet shopping malls, large-scale distribution companies, consumer groups such as living cooperative associations, direct outlets at consumers sites, or exports. Among the channels, the large-scale distribution companies and franchised special shops account for 47%, the general supermarkets 15.7%, and living cooperative associations 14.6% respectively. By utilizing the research results on producers and consumers, and the distribution weight by channels for environment-friendly agricultural products, the distribution channels for living cooperative associations, wholesale markets, and large scale distribution companies are compared and evaluated. As a result, the level of producers’ and consumers’ satisfaction for them is the lowest since the low selling price for producers and high distribution margins.