This study proposes a methodology for assessing seismic liquefaction hazard by implementing high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) ground models with high-density/high-precision site investigation data acquired in an area of interest, which would be linked to geotechnical numerical analysis tools. It is possible to estimate the vulnerability of earthquake-induced geotechnical phenomena (ground motion amplification, liquefaction, landslide, etc.) and their triggering complex disasters across an area for urban development with several stages of high-density datasets. In this study, the spatial-ground models for city development were built with a 3D high-precision grid of 5 m x 5 m x 1 m by applying geostatistic methods. Finally, after comparing each prediction error, the geotechnical model from the Gaussian sequential simulation is selected to assess earthquake-induced geotechnical hazards. In particular, with seven independent input earthquake motions, liquefaction analysis with finite element analyses and hazard mappings with LPI and LSN are performed reliably based on the spatial geotechnical models in the study area. Furthermore, various phenomena and parameters, including settlement in the city planning area, are assessed in terms of geotechnical vulnerability also based on the high-resolution spatial-ground modeling. This case study on the high-precision 3D ground model-based zonations in the area of interest verifies the usefulness in assessing spatially earthquake-induced hazards and geotechnical vulnerability and their decision-making support.

This study aims to present a method to evaluate the relative risk of failure due to liquefaction of domestic small to medium-sized earthfill dams with a height of less than 15 m, which has little information on geotechnical properties. Based on the results of previous researches, a series of methods and procedures for estimating the probability of dam failure due to liquefaction, which calculates the probability of liquefaction occurrence of the dam body, the amount of settlement at the dam crest according to the estimation of the residual strength of the dam after liquefaction, the overtopping depth determined from the amount of settlement at the dam crest, and the probability of failure of the dam due to overtopping was explicitly presented. To this end, representative properties essential for estimating the probability of failure due to the liquefaction of small to medium-sized earthfill dams were presented. Since it is almost impossible to directly determine these representative properties for each of the target dams because it is almost impossible to obtain geotechnical property information, they were estimated and determined from the results of field and laboratory tests conducted on existing small to medium-sized earthfill dams in previous researches. The method and procedure presented in this study were applied to 12 earthfill dams on a trial basis, and the liquefaction failure probability was calculated. The analysis of the calculation results confirmed that the representative properties were reasonable and that the overall evaluation procedure and method were effective.

Most of the drinking water dams managed by the local governments in Korea are earthfill dams, and these dams have almost no geotechnical property information necessary for seismic performance evaluation. Nevertheless, in the rough planning stage for improving seismic safety for these dams, it is necessary to classify their relative seismic hazard against earthquakes and conduct an additional ground investigation. The zero seismic failure probability curve is a curve suggested in this study in which the probability of failure due to an earthquake becomes ‘0’ regardless of the geotechnical properties of the earthfill dam. By examining the method and procedure for calculating failure probability due to an earthquake suggested in previous researches, the zero seismic failure probability curves for an earthquake in 1,000-year and 2,400-year return periods in Korea were presented in the form of a hyperbola on the plane of the dam height versus freeboard ratio (ratio of freeboard to dam height), respectively. The distribution characteristics of the dam height and the freeboard ratio of 81 Korean earthfill dams were presented. The two proposed zero seismic failure probability curves are shown on the plane of the dam height versus freeboard ratio, and the relative seismic hazard of 81 dams can be classified into three groups using these curves as boundaries. This study presented the method of classifying the relative seismic hazard and the classification result.

본 연구는 지진하중을 받는 콘크리트 표면차수벽형 석괴댐(CFRD)의 정상부 변위에 대한 사력재료 주요물성의 민감도를 정량적으로 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 현재 운영 중인 국내 CFRD 형식의 D댐에 대해 2가지 지진파, 각 지진파에 대해 2가지 설계진도, 사력재료에 대해 수행된 대형삼축압축시험 결과로부터 얻어진 물성값을 조합하여 만든 물성값이 다른 해석단면 27개를 작성, 총 108개 해석단면에 대한 동적 수치해석을 수행, 그 결과를 이용한 대역적 민감도분석을 수행하였다. 민감도분석 결과, 지진하중 작용 시 댐 정상부 침하량은 입력지진의 종류와 설계진도 크기에 상관없이 절대적으로 사력재료 전단탄성계수에만 영향을 받았으며 댐 정상부 횡변위의 경우에는, 사력재료 전단탄성계수의 영향이 크나 그 영향의 정도는 침하량에 미치는 정도에 비해 상대적으로 작으며, 침하량과는 달리 지진파의 종류와 크기에 따라 차이를 보였다. 본 연구결과에 한해 사력재료의 마찰각은 지진하중에 의한 CFRD 정상부 변위에는 전혀 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

In this study, dynamic centrifuge tests on the dam interface model, which was prepared for an existing composite dam, were carried out. From the analysis of the accelerations measured at the dam base and at the crest of the concrete, the joint, and the rockfill model around the interface, the acceleration amplification characteristics of the interface was examined.