The primary purpose of this paper is to descriptively analyze the syntactic aspects of Beowulf. an Old English heroic epic poem consisting of 3182 alliterative long lines. The manuscript of Beowulf is believed to have transcribed from an original by two scribes, because the handwriting of the two scribes is ill-matched. The discussion on the heroic expeditions of Beowulf and authorship and date of this work are excluded here, and so are the question as to form and meter, the and dialects This research was supported by the Daegu University Research Grant, 2008. used in it. The main concerns of this paper are focused on the description of syntactic structures of phrase structures, such as NP, VP, and PrepP, and some syntactic aspects are also discussed on passive, extraposition, etc.

The primary purpose of this paper is to descriptively analyze the syntactic aspects of the Old English version of the Buckling Homilies. Written in two hands in Old English, only a single manuscript exists today. Consisting of nineteen sermons that appear to be occasional pieces, corresponding to certain Sundays and Saints` days in the liturgical calendar, the style of the Buckling Homilies is "more popular than learned" because of the "less homogenous audience being addressed." The main concerns of this paper are focused on the description of syntactic structures, such as NP, VP, and PP, and some syntactic aspects are also discussed on passive, tense, extrapositon, etc.

The primary purpose of this paper is to descriptively analyze the syntactic aspects of the Middle English version of Letter of Alexander the Great to Aristotle. Of the three extant ME manuscripts, examined was Dimarco & Perelman`s edition (1978) chiefly based on the manuscript in Cambridge, University Library MS. Mm.5.29 which is believed to be virtually identical to the Latin origin. The main concerns of this paper are focused on the linear orders of such phrases as noun/adject, verb/adverb, genitive/noun, and preposition/noun, and some syntactic aspects are also discussed on passive, tense, word order patterns, etc.

Bo-Geun Hwang. 2001. An Analysis of Syntactic Structures of the Parker Chronicle. Studies Modern Grammar 23, 107-126. The analysis of the phrasal structures of the Parker chronicle reveals that the frequency of Adj+N (97.0%), Gen +N (99.2%), and Prep+N (96.3%) is much higher than that of N+Adj, N+Gen, and N+Prep. In appositional constructions, Head+Appositive (89.2%) is higher than Appositive+Head in frequency. In word-order patterns of the intransitive verbs, the V-2 type (58.2%) is predominant in the independent and main clauses, but in dependent clause the V-3 type (80.69%) is prevailing. As for the transitive verbs of the independent and main clauses, the frequencies of the types of V-1, V-2, and V-3 are 12.1%, 40.8%, and 47.1%, respectively; in the dependent clauses the V-3 type (81.6%) surpasses those of V-1 (2.6%) and V-2 (16.8%) in frequency. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the word-order pattern underwent changes, to a considerable degree, from SOV in the primitive Old English to SVO in the Old English recorded in the Parker Chronicle.

Hwang, Bo-geun. 1998. Syntactic Structures of Beowulf. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 1-26. The main purpose of this paper is, on the basis of hypotheses of Vennemann`s(1975) and Stockwell(1977b), to analyse the syntactic structures-Genitive/ Noun, Adjective/Noun, Adverb/verb, Preposition/Noun, and Comparative/Standard-and word-order patterns used in Beowulf, and to compare them with word-order patterns of prose, i.e., of Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (ASC) and Pastoral Care (Pastoral). The analysis of the syntactic structures (as shown in Table 7) leads to the conclusion: the arrangement of Genitive/Noun, Adjective/Noun and Adverb/verb shows the OV(/XV) word-order patterns, while that of Preposition/Noun and Comparative/Standard VO(vo) ones. By the analysis of word-order patterns of the sentences in Beowulf the conclusion can be drawn. (1) in the independent/main clauses, the highest frequency is found in V-2 type(SXV/XVS) in the intransitive verbal structures; reversely, but in the transitive ones V-2 type(SOV) has the highest fequencty. (2) in intransitive verbal structures of the dependent clauses, V-3 type is the highest in frequence; of the word-order patterns of transitive ones, V-3 type is dominant. In comparison of word-order patterns of Beowulf with those of ASC and Pastoral, can be said: (1) in the independent/main clauses, the highest frequence of SVX in Beowulf is supposed to be related to the peculiar metrical system(alliteration and caesura), and the highest XVS in ASC and Pastoral is due to the time/place-adverbs, found in the sentence-initial position, serving to bring forth new information; SOV is made dominant in Beowulf by the omission of subjects coreferential to the subjects/objects of the preceding sentences, while in ASC and Pastoral the highest in frequency, SVO, has such syntactic characteristics as the subjects are pronouns or proper names; (2) in the dependent clauses SXV/SOV are the highest in frequency in Beowulf, while in ASC SVX/SVO is the hightest for the same syntactic characteristics as in independent/main clauses; in Pastoral the frequency of SVX is higher than SXV, but SVO and SOV show nearly the same frequency, though the former is a little higher.

Hwang, Bo-geun. 1998. Word-order Patterns of Compounds in Beowulf. Studies in Modern Grammatical Theories, 12, 1-18. The main purpose of this paper is to analyse the compounds employed in Beowulf and to get the data concerning word-order patterns of compounds in it. The compounds are first classified into word-classes by their behaviors in the context: nouns, adjectives, and verbs. The noun compound is the largest in number, 83.2%, and the adjective and verb are 16.4% and 0.4%, respectively. In this study are excluded the verb combined with adverbs and prepositions, such as aet, be, for, in, ofer, purh, under, up, wip, etc. The lowest in frequency of the verb compound is explained by it. The adverb compounds are not found chiefly because the genitive and accusative cases of nouns are used as adverbs. Of the noun compounds the combination `Noun+Noun` is the highest in frequency; of the adjective `Noun+Adjective` is higher than `Adjective+Noun`. The analysis of the semantic structures of the noun compounds is shown in Table 2.2.1. The word-order pattern `O+V` surpasses the `V+O` pattern in number; the `Modifier+ Noun` does the `Noun+Modifier`. The `V+S` pattern is not found while the `S+V` is lower in frequency. In the adjective compounds (as shown in Table 2.2.2), the `V+S` is greater than the `S+V`; the `O+V` is greater in number than other combinations, and the `V+O` is not found. The `Adverb+Adjective` is much higher in frequency than the `Adjective+Adverb`. In the analysis of the semantic structures of the compounds in Beowulf (shown in Table 2.2.4), the highest in frequency is found in the word-onler `OV` and those consisted of elements with the `Modifier+Head` relationship. This suggests that the English in Beowulf, i.e., the English up to the 11th century had the word-order patterns of an OV language.