간행물
현대문법연구 KCI 등재 Studies in Modern Grammar
- 발행기관 현대문법학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 계간
- ISSN 1226-3206 (Print)2713-5780 (Online)
- 수록기간 1992 ~ 2021
- 주제분류 인문학 > 언어학 인문학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 745DDC 425
권호리스트/논문검색
제14권 (1998년 12월) 17건
1.
1998.12
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Hwang, Bo-geun. 1998. Syntactic Structures of Beowulf. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 1-26. The main purpose of this paper is, on the basis of hypotheses of Vennemann`s(1975) and Stockwell(1977b), to analyse the syntactic structures-Genitive/ Noun, Adjective/Noun, Adverb/verb, Preposition/Noun, and Comparative/Standard-and word-order patterns used in Beowulf, and to compare them with word-order patterns of prose, i.e., of Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (ASC) and Pastoral Care (Pastoral). The analysis of the syntactic structures (as shown in Table 7) leads to the conclusion: the arrangement of Genitive/Noun, Adjective/Noun and Adverb/verb shows the OV(/XV) word-order patterns, while that of Preposition/Noun and Comparative/Standard VO(vo) ones. By the analysis of word-order patterns of the sentences in Beowulf the conclusion can be drawn. (1) in the independent/main clauses, the highest frequency is found in V-2 type(SXV/XVS) in the intransitive verbal structures; reversely, but in the transitive ones V-2 type(SOV) has the highest fequencty. (2) in intransitive verbal structures of the dependent clauses, V-3 type is the highest in frequence; of the word-order patterns of transitive ones, V-3 type is dominant. In comparison of word-order patterns of Beowulf with those of ASC and Pastoral, can be said: (1) in the independent/main clauses, the highest frequence of SVX in Beowulf is supposed to be related to the peculiar metrical system(alliteration and caesura), and the highest XVS in ASC and Pastoral is due to the time/place-adverbs, found in the sentence-initial position, serving to bring forth new information; SOV is made dominant in Beowulf by the omission of subjects coreferential to the subjects/objects of the preceding sentences, while in ASC and Pastoral the highest in frequency, SVO, has such syntactic characteristics as the subjects are pronouns or proper names; (2) in the dependent clauses SXV/SOV are the highest in frequency in Beowulf, while in ASC SVX/SVO is the hightest for the same syntactic characteristics as in independent/main clauses; in Pastoral the frequency of SVX is higher than SXV, but SVO and SOV show nearly the same frequency, though the former is a little higher.
2.
1998.12
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Song Jeong-Sil. 1998. The Structure of VP. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 27-46. The purpose of this paper is to show what the structure of VP should be like in the framework of minimalism. This paper suggests that the structure of VP at the time the selected arguments are merged be like [vP Agent [v´ v [VP Non-Theme [V´ V Theme]]]]. This paper also suggests that all the DP arguments move overtly to the relevant functional categories for the checking of their case feature. For this case checking, AgrOiP(for Objective Case) and AgrOP(for Inherent Case) are set up between vP and VP. The evidence in support of this analysis is shown in the discussion of various constructions such as dative, ergative, non-accusative, verb-particle, psych-verb, and expletive constructions.
3.
1998.12
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Ki-Yang. Kwon. 1998. Free-Rider and Independent Feature Checking. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 47-61. In this paper, we will suggest that it is not required that when the operation move-F affects a FF, all FFs associated with F move to the target as free riders. Rather, we will assume that only the necessary formal feature of the moved element individually enters into a checking relation with the target that has matching features for a local convergence of derivation, and that the feature checking may hold between individual formal features that have matching features that can enter into checking relations. This suggestion is based on the inverse voice constructions in Bantu, there-construction involving wh-movement and the conjunct associate, and inalienable possession constructions of Japanese.
4.
1998.12
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Yoon, Seok-Hwa. On Distribution of pro in Korean. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 63-83. The purpose of this paper is to survey James Huang`s proposal regarding PRO and pro with special reference to Korean, and to propose a new analysis on the distribution of pro in Korean, and to present some theoretical implications of the surface syntactic representations on parameteric variation with Chomsky principles and parameters approach in syntax. I argue that Korean exercises on option that can delete arguments in surface representations, and that Korean actually shows a sort of subject-verb and object-verb agreement in honorific expressions.
5.
1998.12
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Kim Dongseok. 1998. Distribution and Licensing of Null Subjects. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 85-105. The primary aim of this paper is to examine the distribution and the status of null subjects, and to reduce the pro-drop parameter to the feature checking mechanism of the minimalist program presented in Chomsky(1993, 1995). We have demonstrated that if there is a topic, it becomes the first candidate to be the antecedent of the null argument; otherwise the null argument is controlled by a c-commanding argument. The difference between Italian and Korean in the possibility of null arguments getting their reference from the discourse context is explained by the availability of the D-morpheme proposed in Moon(1989). And the pro-drop parameter is analysed in terms of feature checking under the hypothesis that the EPP-feature is weak in pro-drop languages, whereas it is strong in non-pro-drop languages.
6.
1998.12
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Kim Young-young. 1998. A Minimalist Approach to Pair-List Readings. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 107-124. A sentence can have two interpretations based on the scope of WHs and quantifiers. QR raises ambiguity at LF. May (1985) claims the drop of the requirement that sentences be disambiguated at LF. In a sentence in which WHs and quantifiers mutually c-command each other, ambiguity arises according to the scope of WHs and quantifiers at LF. This ambiguous sentence is called pair-list readings by Homstein(1995). This paper purposes to study the configuration that supports such pair-list readings and the quantifiers that should be adjoined to IP and VP to support pair-list readings. The ECP/MBR relations concerning pair-list readings are reviewed. For pair-list readings to emerge, WHs should be functionally interpreted with a quantifierbound pronoun. I have found that the pair-list readings can be explained in terms of the Minimalist theory.
7.
1998.12
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Cheong Youn. 1998. Case Stacking Revisited. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 125-149. In case alternation constructions in Korean, the experiencer, locative, or goal nominal can appear in either the dative case or in the nominative or accusative case. Moreover, it is possible for some Korean speakers to stack case, so that both the dative and the nominative or accusative case appear on this nominal. I accounted for this in previous work by positing two levels of case-semantic case and syntactic case-and by letting the nominal be assigned one case per level. However, Schu¨itze(1996) claims that the stacked nominative or accusative marker is focus, not case. In this paper, I review his arguments against case stacking and conclude that they are not convincing. The case stacking analysis not only handles the relevant data but in some instances does so more easily than the focus marking analysis.
8.
1998.12
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Kim, Jae-gue. 1998. A Minimalist Theoretic Analysis of Word Order Parameter. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 151-173. The purpose of this study is to examine the correlation of head movement and word order under the postulation that the order of the sentential constituents is closely related to the head parameter and head movement. In this paper, it is shown that Chomsky`s(1993, 1995) Economy Principle not only covers the effects of the ECP, Ouhalla`s(1990b) Neg Parameter, Pollock`s(1989) theta-opacity, Pesetsky`s(1989) Earliness Principle, but also effectively account for the properties of head movement and word order in English, French, German, and Korean. Following Chomsky (1993), the motivation of head movement is regarded as morphological feature-checking and differences of word order are analyzed in terms of the properties of functional categories. In the framework of Minimalist Theory, the morphological features of functional categories in English, French, German, and Korean, including many other languages are classified into strong vs. weak, and the surface word order of them is explained on the base of the properties of these features.
9.
1998.12
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Bae Jean. 1998. On the Superiority Effect in Multiple Wh-questions. Studies Modern Grammar 14, 175-203. This paper attempts to propose a way to the superiority effect under the ECP. Wh-questions without resort to the superiority effect under the ECP. Wh-movement in syntax appears obligatory in English. This is assumed to be due to the property of the wh-operator, which needs to bind a variable in its scope. Since multiple Specs of CP are not available at S-S in English, there must exist wh(s)-in situ in multiple wh-questions. The superiority effect under the ECP has been assumed to be able to explain the different grammaticality of multiple wh-questions(Lasnik & Saito 1984). Despite of many trials to explain asymmetries among wh-elements, there still remain several problems. In this paper I propose three things. First, the superiority effect under the ECP, which conflates lexical government and antecedent government, is in lack of generality and that often makes if difficult to find out which wh-element moves he Spec of CP prior to the others. Second, following Reinhart(1981), Lasnik & Saito(1992) and Kuno & Takami(1992), I propose that there should be S" whose Spec accommodates topic and sentential adjunct wh-expressions like `why` and `how` at the base. Finally, it is proposed that with the base-generated Spec of S", we can explain which wh-phrase moves prior to the others. Thus, the ill-formed sentences are not ruled out by the Superiority Effect but by the hierarchical order of base-generated position in their structures.
10.
1998.12
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Choi, Choong-Lyeol. 1998. The Inherritance of Presupposition in Belief-sentences. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 205-221. The aim of this paper is to provide a framework to explain the inheritance of presuppositions in belief-sentences. We examine the combinatorial approaches(Karttunen(1973), Karttunen and Peters(1979)), the cancellation approaches(Gazdar(1979)), and the procedural approaches(Dinsmore(1979)) of the earliert imes and show their defects. And we inquire into the cognitive approach which is based on worlds, cognitive principles and interpretation principles. With help of those concepts, the cognitive approach can explain the intricate problems which happen around the inheritance of presuppositions. This means that our linguistic theory should be built on the idea that our language ultimately contributes to the expansion of our cognitive worlds.
11.
1998.12
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Kim Han-chang. 1998. A Semantic Analysis of Focused Yes-No Questions in English and Korean. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 223-262. In this paper we have attempted to elucidate the relationship of alternatives to be focused in the three basic types of interrogatives(YNQ/AltQ/wHQ) in English and Korean and to classify the speech acts of yes-no questions making a contrastive analysis between the expressions of the two languages in terms of questions and answers. We reduce the speech acts of YNQs by considering various speech act conditions. Our investigation of the syntactic/semantic relationship between the basic types of interrogatives shows that the number of alternative variables determines the classification of these interrogatives: YNQ is restricted to only one focused item to be answered; AltQ is limited to more than one focused disjunctive items: WHQ provides the unlimited number of alternative variables from which to choose answers. These relational phenomena permit composite questions and composite answers besides simple ones. We insist that these composite questions and answers be dealt with in grammar books as particular types of discourse. As for the classification of speech acts we are confined to the YNQs in order to reduce the burden of investigation. The propositional content and illocutionary force were our main concern in dealing with YNQs. Our analysis indicates that the YNQs comprise many kinds of speech acts which ordinary learners of both English and Korean are not ordinarily aware of, We, however, reduced them to informative questions, assumptive questions, dubitative questions, directive questions, rhetorical questions, and reply questions. Our linguistic findings could be useful to the students of both languages. The method of study relies on discriptive approaches, leaving the formalization of linguistic findings to the task of formalists. Descriptivism has its own merits, because it provides data for formalists.
12.
1998.12
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Hwang,Yong-soo. Kim, Young-Suck. 1998. The Optimality of Interrogatives in English. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 263-283. The purpose of this paper is to briefly review head movement and operator movement within Minimalist Program, point out the assumptions posed to cover all kinds of interrogatives, and analyze the syntactic structures of English interrogatives on the basis of Optimality Theory. In the framework of Minimalist Program, wh-questions are CPs headed by COMP with a (WH] specifier-feature, and wh-movement(movement of wh-operator expressions into spec-CP) is motivated by the need to check the [WH] specifier-feature of COMP. Auxiliary Inversion involves a head movement operation whereby an auxiliary moves from INFL to COMP because an interrogative COMP is strong by virtue of containing an abstract question affix and a strong head position must be filled. In the analysis of optimal interrogatives in terms of Minimalist Program, we need some assumptions such as enlightened self-interest, null-operato no questions, null-complementizer in embedded questions, and a strong COMP of English questions. Optimality Theory proposes an input and an output and a relation between the two. The relation between input and output is mediated by two formal mechanisms, GEN and EVAL. EVAL uses the language particular ranking of constraints from the universal set of constraints, which are violable. An optimal output form for a given input is selected from among the class of candidates: a form, for every pairwise competition involving it, best satisfies the highest-ranking constraint on which the candidates conflict, is optimal. Under OT, wh-movement, inversion of the subject and auxiliary verb and the appearance of the auxiliary verb do can be explained consistently by the interaction of universal constraints.
13.
1998.12
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Cho, Hye-Sun. 1998. The Meaning of English Demonstratives: The Extension of the Semantic Feature. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 285-300. This paper shows that all the functions of English demonstratives that previous linguists have noted, such as denoting the spatial and temporal relationship to the speaker, referring anaphorically and cataphorically in discourse, expressing the speaker`s emotion, and indicating focus or the degree of attention on the referent, can be accounted for as extension of their basic semantic features, `proximal/distal`. The reason why the linguists assign so many different uses to demonstratives is that they take the whole linguistic environment where the demonstratives are used as the meaning of demonstratives. However, this paper suggests that demonstratives do not have separate meanings such as expressing sympathy, solidarity, empathy, sharedness, closeness, etc. This seeming versatility of demonstratives is a result of the extension of the basic spatial meanings of the demonstra the discourse contexts where they are used. That is, the proper demonstrative choice can be established by the result of the interaction of the semantics of these demonstratives and pragmatics.
14.
1998.12
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Rhee Sang-Chaul. 1998. Etude des rimes pour l`interpre´tation de graphie. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 301-319. Nous avons examine´ des rimes et des graphies concernant le phone｀me /u/, et nous arrivons aux re´sultats suivants: (1) o ferme´ tonique entrave´ a abouti a｀ /u/ dans tous les textes. (2) o+l vocalise´ reste en etat interme´diaire entre /ou/ et /u/ dans Palatinus et Prunier, alors que dans les autres textes il s`est monophtongue´ en /u/. (3) o ouvert tonique entrave´, lui aussi, pouvait passer a｀ /u/ dans quelques mots, mais dans l`ensemble restait intact. (4) /au/, quelque soit son origine, n`a pas encore abouti a｀ /u/, c`est-a｀-dire /au/ issu de -avu, -agu e´tait a｀ l`etape /ou/ et d`autres /au/, a｀ l`e´tape /o/. Nous trouvons cependant deux fois -clou-, qui peut e＾tre la preuve de l`aboutissement /u/(<-avu): descloufichiez(Palatinus 1539), clouoie(Mercy X8). Le premier exemple nouS donne l`impression qu`il s`agit de la langue du copiste, parce que le re´sultat de -avu, accentue´ ou non, se note -o- une dizaine de fois dans Palatinus. Le deuxie｀me exemple pourrait en e＾tre la preuve. Mercy datant de l`anne´e 1424, soit plus d`un sie｀cle plus tard que Palatinus, il aurait pu connai＾tre la monophtongaison de /ou/ issu de -avu. Mais, il n`est pas raisonnable de juger d`un changement phone´tique d`apre｀s une seule forme se trouvant hors de la rime. Pour cette raison nous reservons ici aussi, comme le cas de Palatinus, le jugement affirmatif. Quant a｀ la notation de /u/ attestee par les rimes, la graphie -ou- a de´ja｀ supplante｀ la graphie -o- dans Prunier, Tombel, Miracle et Mercy. La seule variante rencontre´e dans les 4 textes est -oul-, qui s`emploie avec une fre´quence importante pour noter le re´sultat de o+l vocalise´. Mais la notation de Palatinus est tellement varie´e qu`il est effectivement impossible de de´duire une valeur phone´tique de la graphie dans un nombre conside´rable de cas.
15.
1998.12
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Chung Jung-Seung. 1998. The Effects of Listening Strategies on Listening Proficiency in University Students. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 321-347. This study aims at finding out what kinds of listening strategies Korean university students have in the English classroom It also investigates not only the differences between male and female students, between high and low groups of students, and among majors in the use of listening strategies, but also the relationship between listening strategy use and listening achievement in these groups of students. The analysis of data revealed several important things in the study of listening strategies. First, there existed seven factors of strategies: affective, metacognitive, cognitive, inference, self-management, selective attention, and comparison-repetition strategies. Second, among the seven strategies the affective strategies were most closely related to the rest of the strategies. Third, the most favored listening strategies by the Korean students were self-management strategies, while the least frequently used strategies were metacognitive strategies. Fourth, female students showed more frequent use of listening strategies than their male counterparts. Fifth, humanities students tended to use strategies more often than engineering and science students. Sixth, the high achievement group of students were found to use listening strategies far more significantly often than the low group of students. Seventh, the statistically significant relationship between use of listening strategies and listening achievement xisted between high and low groups of students. Finally, the study suggests some implications for teaching listening comprehension and some considerations for further research in listening strategies.
16.
1998.12
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Lim, Sang-bong. 1998. Acquisition of Subject-auxiliary Inversion in Child English and Optimality Theory. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 349-364. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the patterns of subject-auxiliary inversion in child English questions can be explained by the constraints in Grimshaw`s(1992) Optimality Theory account of inversion patterns in adult English questions. I briefly review the treatment of subject-auxiliary inversion within the Minimalist Theory. The theory claims that subject-auxiliary inversion is a subcase of head movement that moves an auxiliary across the sentence to the head of the presentential complementizer(CP) position in nonselected CPs. In this paper I try to show that the stages of acquisition in subject-auxiliary inversion and the patterns of inversion in child English. And I also show that an Optimality-Theoretic approach can explain several facts regarding the pattern of auxiliary inversion in child English. In addition, this paper argues that the constraints ranking of child English must be different from those of adult English to capture the characteristics of subject-auxiliary inversion in child English.
17.
1998.12
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Kim Han-kyung. 1998. A Study on the Readability As Learner-Originated Open Teaching Method. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 365-387. The purpose of this study is to make researches in the readability as a way of open teaching method that is focused on learners, as the current trend of education is changing from supplier-originated education to customer-originated one. The English teaching courses, focused on students, consist of three parts; planning, implementation and evaluation. The phase of planning includes the needs analysis and the goal setting. And the implementation also includes the development of texts and teaching methods. Those are not different from existing English teaching processes. The student-originated curriculum, however, is quite different from traditional curricula in the fact that the former allows the students to participate in the decision-makings on the contents curricula and teaching methods. The student-originated curriculum suggests the teacher and students have prior conferences t negotiate on their curricula. The basic philosophies of English teaching open-method, particularly focused on learners, are to increase students` learning-motives and effectiveness by teaching them the issues and functions they need, and to most effectively use the limited session of class. In this study, corresponding to the concepts above, various teaching methods for reading such as bottom-up processing, top-down processing and interactive processing are further discussed. And some factors, related to more effective readability, and the principal models, including both substantial and formal background informations and the concept of super-recognition, are illustrated.
