Kim Dae-Ik. 1999. The Clause Structure in Old English on Ontological Minimalism. Studies in Modern Grammar 18, 1-20. I will argue that based on ontological minimalism the clause structure of OE is the same as that of modern English except the position of modal verbs and auxiliary verbs and show that the V2 constraint of OE is motivated by T feature of C suggested by Pesetsky & Torrengo (1999) and topicalization to CP Spec. In subordinate clause of OE there is no T-to-C by the presence of a lexical element in C. So it is argued that inflectional verbal morphology shows the combination of an either operation V-to-T or T-to-V in the subordinate clause of OE where the word order seems not to be definable by just observing the position of verbs.
Dongseok Kim. 1999. Cyclicity in A-Movement. Studies in Modern Grammar 18, 21-37. In this paper, we examine operations that eliminate uninterpretable features in the recent version of the Minimalist Program presented in Chomsky (1998), and propose that defective T lacks EPP feature, contrary to Chomsky`s assumption. It is shown that if defective T is given EPP feature, problems arise in deleting ψ -feature of defective infinitival T in expletive raising constructions, since ψ -feature of expletive there, being defective, is not capable of deleting the probe. Reviewing arguments for SPEC position of infinitival T, we show that EPP feature is not forced or necessary for tenseless T. Thus, we suggest that there is no successive cyclic A-movement through SPEC of defective T.
Young-Seok Choi. 1999. A Constraint on Ascension. Studies in Modern Grammar 18, 39-53. This paper proposes a well-formedness condition on ascension RNs within the framework of Relational Grammar. Though the condition basically expresses the generalization that true instances of ascension from the subject position are restricted to intransitive strata, it will be shown there are cases in which the ascension occurs in a transitive stratum. Thus, it will be claimed that the genuine conditioning factor governing the distribution of ascension from subject is not transitivity but the career of the ascendee, i.e., whether or not the ascendee is a derived subject. Some residual problems are touched upon in the final section.
Shim Young-Bo. 1999. Linguistic Cultural Potentiality Possessing Phraseological Expressions in Russian. Studies in Modern Grammar 18, 55-69. The purpose of research in this thesis is to analyze the peculiarity of phraseological expressions of modern Russian based on a linguistic cultural theory which is initially researched by Veretshagin and Kostomarov in the 1970s and is gradually developed by other scholars in the standpoint for foreign learners. As the phraseological expressions including proverb, aphorism and idiom entail ethnic custom and national cultural characteristics formed for a long time, the use of the expressions might be difficult to native as well as to foreigners who try to present sophisticated linguistic expression. The phraseological expressions involve denotative meaning possessing commonly general word, significative meaning and connotative meaning showing national cultural sentiment. In particular, there are many illustrations that the connotative meaning would not be only understood by a pure lexical meaning without cultural and regional explication. The analysis of the historical linguistics of phraseological expressions and the contrastive analysis between two languages for foreigners are indispensable for perfect understanding and appropriate use of speakers about the connotative meaning. In this thesis, to define the cultural peculiarity possessing the phraseological expressions of Russian language, the course of historical development and phraseological background is analyzed and the contrastive analysis of phraseological expressions between Russian and Korean language is attempted to help comprehension in the practical aspect.
Cho, Hye-Sun. 1999. Interpretation and Function of the Korean Demonstrative ku. Studies in Modern Grammar 18, 71-90. In this paper, we present a cognitivepragmatic view of a Korean demonstrative ku in discourse. The Korean demonstrative provides a good domain in which to analyze the relationship between deictic and anaphoric phenomena because ku can not be identified apart from the context in which it is used. The distinction between these two is interpreted in terms of the interaction between the context and the mental representation systems, using Givon`s (1995) theory of contextual sources of definites. Contrary to the previous assumptions that Korean demonstrative pronouns are classified into three lines, this interaction manifests that any study of the Korean demonstrative ku should be conducted along five lines of description to avoid the pitfall of oversimplification. Hence ku can be interpreted by collaboration between the current visible speech context or the preceding context and the generally share knowledge as well as the three kinds of basic contextual sources. This collaboration is required to identify the Korean demonstrative NP that does not have an explicit referent in the current or previous context. We also show that, under appropriate circumstances, ku can function like an English definite article.
Kim, Seon-Jung. 1999. The Notion of Adjacency and Korean Phonological Phenomena. Studies in Modern Grammar 18, 91-109. In this paper I discuss adjacency and its role in Korean Phonology, focusing on umlaut and some related processes. In the previous analyses, the relationship between palatalisation and umlaut has not been treated. However, blocking of umlaut before a palatal or palatalised consonant can be explained by the notion of adjacency. When the element I spreads to the preceding onset, it is not able to spread again to the preceding nucleus. But in the case that the preceding onset cannot accept the element I, then umlaut happens. Because of the notion of adjacency, umlaut does not take place when two consonants intervene the two vowels. However, when the two consonants turn to a single consonant through a phonological process such as aspiration and so-called place assimilation, umlaut takes place. The theoretical background of this paper is Government Phonology, proposed by Kaye, Lowenstamm & Vergnau d (1985, 1990), Charette and Kaye (1994).
Kim, Tae-Yeup, 1999. A Study on Korean Unmarked Final Endings. Studies in Modern Grammar 18, 111-127. This is a study to investigate the concept and the function of Korean unmarked final endings. Korean unmarked final endings have the function of the speech level and the sentence ending. The unmarked final endings are diverted from conjunctive endings. The two functions of unmarked final endings are related with the syntactic properties of their original properties. We suppose that the endings changed their syntactic properties with the deletion of the second clause and the auxiliary verb of the auxiliary structure. Despite these changes, these endings maintain the fundamental properties of the speech level and the sentence ending. If our proposal is on the right track, we can conclude that the conjunctive endings have two functions. This functional diversion of conjunctive endings can be interpreted as a grammaticalization.
Lim, Ji-Ryong & Young-Soon Kim. 1999. The Integration of the Signification and the Semiosis. Studies in Modern Grammar 18, 129-196. This study handles two important semiotical concepts, i.e., signification and semiosis, within the framework of theoretical semiotics. We have called the academic field `semiotics` as a science of signs, which consist of two elements like the signifier and the signified. According to Saussure (1916) and Hjelemslev (1943), the signified means a mental meaning and the signifier means its material. In general, the signification can be understood as the connection of mental meaning with its material and the semiosis as the process of signs. For Peirce (1931/1935) the semiosis means the action, of signs which must be interpreted. The signification and semiosis seem to be not conceptional differentiated, but correlated with each other. In this study we attempt to find out the clear interaction between the signification and the semiosis. Moreover, on the basis of this interaction we propose the integral semiotic program for the communication, which is composed of signification and semiosis.
Chung In-Soo. 1999. A Semantic Study of Korean Adjective Comparative Constructions. Studies in Modern Grammar 18, 147-166. Korean comparative constructions can be divided into two groups: one with positive adjectives and verbs, the other with comparative adjectives and verbs. The primary aim of this study is to show the semantic differences among comparative constructions with `-mankem`, `-cherem`. We`ll show how the adjectives like "keda(tall)", "chakda(small)" comprise a open scale and how the meanings of those adjectives are distributed when they appear in comparative constructions. "kkekkethada(clean)" and "terepda(dirty)" appear on a asymmetric scale and they make some differences in `-mankem` and `-cherem` comparative constructions. "pida(empty)" and "chada(full)" comprise a limited scale and they also show some differences when they appear in comparative constructions. The adjectives like "pulkda(red)" appear on a single term scale and they don`t show any positive correlation with comparative constructions.
Chong, Larry Dwan. 1999. Some Effects of Initial Role-game in Elementary Teachers` Training. Studies in Modern Grammar 18, 167-181. The purpose of this paper is to know how effectively Initial Role-game works in elementary teachers` training sessions. They get training how to teach 4 English skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) to his/her students, using songs, chants, games, and role-plays. However, this goal could not be reached appropriately because each education center didn`t have enough training specialists, native instructors didn`t understand the goal of the project well, and there were also some age and proficiency differences among trainees. To resolve these problems, a so-called `initial role-game` is developed, applied to `98 summer training session, and got some prospective results unexpected. After applying the game, when they were asked they could teach the game to students, surprisingly 55 % of them answered they could. The initial role-game offers an opportunity and some effects s follows: I) Every member can understand the goal and standard of the sessions. 2) Trainees can get rid of fear they have against native speakers and get self-confidence. 3) Each trainee can get some ideas how to cooperate and compete. 4) It maximizes their applicability, offering trainees` centered program. 5) It maximizes the effects of `Here & Now`. In conclusion, for the student-centered English education, it is essential for training centers to offer the initial trainee-centered program just like `Shopping role-game`, making everyone understand the goal of the sessions.