Cho, Hye-Sun. 1999. Interpretation and Function of the Korean Demonstrative ku. Studies in Modern Grammar 18, 71-90. In this paper, we present a cognitivepragmatic view of a Korean demonstrative ku in discourse. The Korean demonstrative provides a good domain in which to analyze the relationship between deictic and anaphoric phenomena because ku can not be identified apart from the context in which it is used. The distinction between these two is interpreted in terms of the interaction between the context and the mental representation systems, using Givon`s (1995) theory of contextual sources of definites. Contrary to the previous assumptions that Korean demonstrative pronouns are classified into three lines, this interaction manifests that any study of the Korean demonstrative ku should be conducted along five lines of description to avoid the pitfall of oversimplification. Hence ku can be interpreted by collaboration between the current visible speech context or the preceding context and the generally share knowledge as well as the three kinds of basic contextual sources. This collaboration is required to identify the Korean demonstrative NP that does not have an explicit referent in the current or previous context. We also show that, under appropriate circumstances, ku can function like an English definite article.

Cho, Hye-Sun. 1998. The Meaning of English Demonstratives: The Extension of the Semantic Feature. Studies in Modern Grammar 14, 285-300. This paper shows that all the functions of English demonstratives that previous linguists have noted, such as denoting the spatial and temporal relationship to the speaker, referring anaphorically and cataphorically in discourse, expressing the speaker`s emotion, and indicating focus or the degree of attention on the referent, can be accounted for as extension of their basic semantic features, `proximal/distal`. The reason why the linguists assign so many different uses to demonstratives is that they take the whole linguistic environment where the demonstratives are used as the meaning of demonstratives. However, this paper suggests that demonstratives do not have separate meanings such as expressing sympathy, solidarity, empathy, sharedness, closeness, etc. This seeming versatility of demonstratives is a result of the extension of the basic spatial meanings of the demonstra the discourse contexts where they are used. That is, the proper demonstrative choice can be established by the result of the interaction of the semantics of these demonstratives and pragmatics.

Cho, Hye-Sun. 1997. Cognitive and Pragmatic-Based Accounts of Definite Referring Expressions. Studies in Modern Grammatical Theories 10: 63-78. This study demonstrates that a cognitive and pragmatic framework provides a good domain in which to analyze the relationship between deictic and anaphoric phenomena and between the two types of anaphora, because a cognitive account would consider mental representation, while a pragmatic account would consider mutual knowledge. So, within this framework, after analyzing the deictic and anaphoric function of a definite article `the`, the distinction between these two types is interpreted in terms of the correlation between context and mental representation systems, using Marshall`s (1992) mutual knowledge and Givon`s (1992, 1995) mental operations of definites. This correlation also leads to clear differences between mental storage references: long-term memory based reference and short-term memory based reference. Then some interaction between these two is required to identify the definite NP anaphora that does not have the explicit antecedent in the previous context.