The concern on the greenhouse gas emissions is increasing globally. Especially, the greenhouse gas emission from fisheries is an important issue from the Paris Climate Change Accord in 2015. Furthermore, the Korean government has a plan to reduce the GHG emissions as 4.8% compared to the BAU in fisheries until 2020. However, the investigation on the GHG emissions from Korean fisheries rarely carried out consistently. Therefore, the quantitative analysis of GHG emissions from Korean fishery industry is necessary as a first step to find a relevant way to reduce GHG emissions from fisheries. The purpose of this research is to investigate which degree of GHG emitted from the major offshore fisheries such as offshore gillnet fishery, offshore longline fishery, offshore jigging fishery and anchovy drag net fishery. Here, we calculated the GHG emissions from the fisheries using the Life Cycle Assessment method. The system boundary and input parameters for each process level are defined for the LCA analysis. The fuel use coefficients of the fisheries are also calculated according to the fuel type. The GHG emissions from sea activities by the fisheries will be dealt with. Furthermore, the GHG emissions for the unit weight of fishes are calculated with consideration to the different consuming areas as well. The results will be helpful to understand the circumstances of GHG emissions from Korean fisheries

Fuel consumption in fisheries is a primary concern due to environmental effects and costs to fishermen. Much research has been carried out to reduce the fuel consumption related to fishing operations. The fuel consumption of fishing gear in fishing operation is generally related to hydrodynamic resistance on the gear. This research is to propose a low drag generated midwater trawl in terms of the gear design improvement using simulations. The results from the simulation were verified with results that mirrored the model experiments. From the results, the resistance force of the proposed gear decreased to 29% compared to that of the current gear. Furthermore, the gear performance also improved with increased gear mouth compared to the current one. Therefore, the proposed gear will be helpful to reduce the greenhouse gases from fishing operation. It will also contribute to the fishing industry by saving fuel.

세계적으로 꿀벌의 감소는 양봉산업에 대한 직접적인 피해와 간접적으로는 방화활동에 의존하는 식물들이 영향을 받아 농업적, 경제적으로 큰 손실을 초래한다. 이런 꿀벌 감소의 원인중 하나인 노제마병은 그 자체에 의한 피해와 더불어 다른 병원체에 대한 꿀벌의 감수성을 높여 그 피해를 가증시킨다. 국내 농가의 경우 80% 이상의 봉군이 노제마에 감염된 것으로 보고되어 있고, 현재 전 세계적으로 항생제 일종인 퓨마기린(상품명: Fumagillin - B)만이 유일한 방제제로 등록되어 있으나 그 효과는 미진한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 곤충병원성 곰팡이 342개 균주의 대사산물을 이용하여 스크리닝 방법으로 노제마의 포자 발아를 억제하는 균주의 항균활성을 평가하였고, 선발된 균주를 이용하여 서양종 꿀벌(Apis mellifera)에 대한 안전성 평가와 생물검정을 통해 꿀벌 노제마병의 생물학적 방제제로서 곤충병원성 곰팡이 대사산물의 적용 가능성을 확인하였다. 선발된 균주들은 Nosema ceranae에 대하여 증식억제 효과를 가지고 있으며, 꿀벌 노제마병의 생물학적 방제에 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

The concern on the greenhouse gas emissions is increasing globally. Especially, the greenhouse gas emission from fisheries is an important issue due to Cancun Agreements Mexico in 1992 and the Kyoto protocol in 2005. Furthermore, the Korean government has a plan to reduce the GHG emissions as 5.2% compared to the BAU in fisheries until 2020. However, the investigation on the GHG emissions from Korean fisheries has not been executed much. Therefore, the quantitative analysis of GHG emissions from Korean fishery industry is needed as the first step to find a relevant way to reduce GHG emissions from fisheries. The purpose of this research is to investigate which degree of GHG emitted from the major coastal fisheries such as coastal gillnet fishery, coastal dual purpose fishery, coastal pots fishery and coastal small scale stow net fishery. Here, we calculated the GHG emission from the fisheries using the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) method. The system boundary and input parameters for each process level are defined for LCA analysis. The fuel use coefficients of the fisheries are also calculated according to the fuel type. The GHG emissions from sea activities by the fisheries will be dealt with. Furthermore, the GHG emissions for the unit weight of fishes are also calculated with consideration to the different consuming areas. The results will be helpful to understand the circumstances of GHG emissions from Korean fisheries.

Gasoline prices vary across Korea. Some gas stations charge higher prices, while others charge lower prices. In this paper, we try to find: why gasoline prices differ markedly across regions. We empirically estimate the determinants of gas prices by incorporating supply side factors as well as demand side factors into the empirical model. Empirical results show that both location-specific factors and store-specific factors affect gas prices. Concentration of competing stores, store brands, ownership of gas stations, and self-service availability influence gas prices. In addition, the availability of other customer services such as convenience stores, car wash, and auto repairs affects gas prices.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of new product diffusion. We seek to document and explain systematic features of product diffusion. In this essay, we examine the well-documented empirical regularity that the speed of diffusion has accelerated during the twentieth century. The empirical results show that the main source of acceleration are faster declines in prices. Faster price declines make the product affordable to more consumers within a given period of time. Based on theories of intertemporal price discrimination and learning-by-doing, the association between the speed of adoption and the speed of price decline was explained. Faster price declines are attributed to several product characteristics as well as changes in income distribution. Above all, the introduction of consumer electronic products in more recent years can be regarded as the most important factor in accelerating price declines. Consumer electronic products are technologically different from non-electronic goods, in that semiconductors are important components. As the price of semiconductors has dropped rapidly, the falling production costs can be rapidly incorporated to the price of consumer electronic goods. Furthermore, most of the recently introduced consumer electronic products have network externalities, and many products with network externalities require complementary products. A complementary product becomes more readily or cheaply available as more people have the main product. One major difference between previous studies and this study is that the former focuses only on the factors that operate directly on the speed of adoption, while this study incorporated factors that work through price changes as well as the factors that work directly on the speed of adoption.

본 연구는 경기도 31개 시군의 과학기술역량을 정확하게 파악하기 위하여 실증분석을 실시하고 그 결과를 지도화하여 시사점을 도출한 뒤 지역별로 역량에 맞는 정책방안을 제시하는 것이 목적이다. 비교적 객관적인 분석의 결과를 얻기 위하여 COSTII, R-COSTII와 그 논리적 맥락을 같이하여 혁신자원의 투입에서 성과에 이르는 전 과정을 혁신자원, 혁신활동, 혁신과정, 혁신환경, 혁신성과 등의 5개 부문으로 구조화한 G-COSTII 지표를 개발하여 이용하였다. 경기도 내 31개 시군에 대한 기초지자체 과학기술혁신역량분석의 종합결과를 지도화하면 지역별 또는 권역별로 과학기술역량의 차이가 상이한 것으로 나타나고 있다. 경기 남·북부 간에 과학기술역량의 차이를 보이는데 구체적으로 역량이 높은 기초지차체는 주로 경기도 남부, 경부권과 서해안권에 자리하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 경부권은 혁신자원 및 혁신환경이 우수하며 서해안권이 활발한 혁신활동과 혁신과정을 하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 차이를 바탕으로 세부지역별 혹은 권역별 맞춤정책의 필요성을 확인할 수 있었다.

The negative factors of fishery in environmental aspect of view are Greenhouse gas emission problems by high usage of fossil fuel, destruction of underwater ecosystem by bottom trawls, reduction of resources by fishing and damage of ecosystem diversity. Especially, the Greenhouse gas emission from fisheries is an important issue due to Cancún meeting, Mexico in 1992 and Kyoto protocol in 2005. However, the investigation on the GHG emissions from Korean fisheries did not much carry out. Therefore, the quantitative analysis of GHG emissions from Korean fishery industry is needed as a first step to find a relevant way to reduce GHG emissions from fisheries. The purpose of this research is to investigate which degree of GHG emitted from fishery. Here, we calculated the GHG emission from Korean bottom pair trawl fishery using the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) method. The system boundary and input parameters for each process level are defined for LCA analysis. The fuel use coefficient of the fishery is also calculated. The GHG emissions from the representative fishes caught by bottom pair trawl will be dealt with. Furthermore, the GHG emissions for the edible weight of fishes are calculated with consideration to the different consuming areas and slaughtering process also. The results will be helpful to understand the circumstances of GHG emissions from Korean fisheries.