The soybean Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) protein is responsible for the inferior nutritional quality of unheated or incompletely heated soybean meal. Ti locus controls presence or absence of Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein. Genetic recombination or tight linkage between Ti locus and Satt228 marker that has been identified to be tightly linked to the Ti locus was detected for marker assisted selection (MAS) using two F2 populations of titi genotype in this study. Two F2 populations were developed from the cross of A29 (KTI protein present, TiTi genotype, AA genotype in Satt228 marker) x Gaechuck#1 and Gaechuck#2 (KTI protein absent, titi genotype, BB genotype in Satt228 marker). Among 31 F2 plants derived from A29 x Gaechuck#1, twenty nine F2 plants show BB genotype that indicates no recombination between Satt228 marker and Ti locus. Only 2 F2 plants show AA genotype that indicates recombination between Satt228 marker and Ti locus. Twenty eight F2 plants derived from A29 x Gaechuck#2 show BB genotype that indicates no recombination between Satt228 marker and Ti locus. Expected genetic ratio between Satt228 marker and Ti locus was 3.6 cM in F2 population.

FRP 보강근을 사용한 경량콘크리트 구조체는 부식방지 및 자중감소의 효과를 동시에 기할 수 있는 이점이 있어서 추후 그 활용이 기대될 수 있다. 그러나 경량콘크리트와 FRP 보강근을 사용하여 보강근의 내부슬립 없이 외력에 저항할 수 있는 구조체를 만들기 위해서는 경량콘크리트와 FRP 보강근 사이의 부착특성을 파악하는 것이 대단히 중요하다. 그동안 보통콘크리트와 FRP 보강근 사이의 부착거동에 대하여는 많은 연구가 있어 왔으나 경량콘크리트와 FRP 보강근 사이의 부착거동에 대하여는 현재까지 연구결과가 대단히 부족한 실정이다.따라서 본 연구에서는 경량콘크리트와 보강근 표면에 나선형태의 이형을 갖는 GFRP 보강근 사이의 부착특성을 조사하였다. 비교목적으로 보강근 종류, 콘크리트 종류, 경량콘크리트 강도종류의 실험변수를 고려하여 인발실험체들을 제작하고 실험을 행하였다. 실험분석 결과, 보통콘크리트와 철근을 사용한 실험체의 부착강도를 1.0으로 하였을 때 경량콘크리트와 나선형태의 이형을 갖는 GFRP 보강근을 사용한 실험체의 부착강도는 0.49로 나타났다.

Soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is one of the serious soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] pests in major soybean producing countries. The objective of this study was to investigate of Heterodera glycines type using the five SCN infested soybean field soils and was to evaluate resistance to the soybean cyst nematode HG 2.5.7 type on soybean varieties and germplasms. The five SCN contaminated soil samples were collected from the three provinces on November 2011 in Korea, and eggs were cultured on early spring season in 2012. For the second study, a total fifty nine soybean varieties and germplasms were tested by infestation of HG type 2.5.7 in the greenhouse. Soybean cyst nematode HG types were investigated from five locations, HG 2 (race 1) type at Donghae, HG 2.5 (race 1) type at Jeongseon and Hapcheon, HG type 2.5.7 (race 1 or 5) at Yeongwol, and HG 1.2.7 (race 5) type at Haenam locations in present study. No Korean soybean varieties and germplasms were observed with SCN resistant trait to the HG type 2.5.7. Average SCN female index were calculated with 82.7% in 59 plant materials. Our results could be provided useful information to develop a SCN resistant cultivar in Korea.

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] protein is excellent nutritional factors and is widely used for human and animal feed in the world. Glycinin(11S globulin) and ß-conglycinin(7S globulin) account for storage protein from 70% to 80% in soybean seed. ß-conglycinin is composed of α’, α and ß subunits, encoded by the genes Cgy1, Cgy2, and Cgy3, respectively. β-conglycinin protein exhibits poor nutritional and food processing properties. Lipoxygenase is responsible for the beany flavor and is responsible for the inferior nutritional quality of unheated or incompletely heated soybean meal. The objective of this research was to select F2 seeds with lipoxygenase-free and low content of ß-conglycinin for breeding of high quality soybean cultivar. A total of 582 F2 seeds were obtained from the cross of 10F1(lipoxygenase-free, normal content of 7S protein) and T311(lipoxygenase-present, low content of 7S protein). Lipoxygenase and 7S proteins in mature seeds were detected by SDS-PAGE. The segregation ratio of 3 : 1 for Shr locus (418 Shr_ : 164 shrshr) were observed. This result shows that the Shr locus is controlled by a single gene. Among 164 shriveled seeds, 6 F2 seeds with lipoxygenase-free, α’ subunit-free, and low content of α and ß subunit were selected. Among 418 normal seeds, 6 F2 seeds with lipoxygenase-free, α’ subunit-free, and low content of α and ß subunit were selected. These results will be used in breeding program for improving high quality soybean cultivar.

Leaf chlorophyll-deficient mutants controlled by y9 locus have been observed frequently and are useful in genetic studies in soybean. So far, 19 single recessive gene yellow leaf mutants and one duplicate recessive gene mutant have been described. The y9 type found in T135 is yellow at emergence, becoming greenish-yellow by maturity. Soybean Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein has been proposed as one of the major antinutritional factor. The absence of Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein in mature seed is inherited as a recessive allele designated ti. The objective of this research was to confirm independent inheritance between ti gene and y9 gene. The F1 seeds from Gaechuck#1 (Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein absent, normal leaf type) x C-142 (Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein present, leaf chlorophyll -deficient) were obtained. F1 seeds obtained were planted in a greenhouse and F1 hybridity was checked on morphological traits. All F2 seeds were planted at field in May 2012. Leaf chlorophyll-deficient trait of F2 individual plants will be recorded at growth stage from field. Presence and absence of Kunitz trypsin inhibitor protein will be checked by SDS-PAGE based on each F₂single plant. Chi-square analysis was used to test the goodness-of-fit of observed ratios with expected ratios for independent assortment or linkage.

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] proteins are widely used for human and animal feed in the world. Glycinin (11S globulin) and β-conglycinin (7S globulin) account for storage protein from 70% to 80% in soybean seed. 7S globulin protein exhibits poorer nutritional and food processing properties. β-conglycinin is composed of α’, α, and β-subunits. α′-subunit of 7S globulin are main antinutritional factors in soybean seed. The absence of α′-subunit were controlled by single recessive alleles, cgy1. Leaf chlorophyll-deficient mutants controlled by y9 locus have been observed frequently and are useful in genetic studies in soybean. So far, 19 single recessive gene yellow leaf mutants and one duplicate recessive gene mutant have been described. The y9 type found in T135 is yellow at emergence, becoming greenish-yellow by maturity. The objective of this research was to confirm the linkage or independent assortment between cgy1 gene and y9 gene. The F1 seeds from C-142 (α′-subunit of 7S globulin present, leaf chlorophyll -deficient: Cgy1Cgy1y9y9 genotype) x PI line (α′-subunit of 7S globulin absent, normal leaf type: cgy1cgy1Y9Y9 genotype) were obtained. F1 seeds obtained were planted in a greenhouse and F1 hybridity was checked on morphological traits. All F2 seeds were planted at field in May 2012. Leaf chlorophyll-deficient trait of F2 individual plants will be recorded at growth stage from field. Presence and absence of α′-subunit of 7S globulin protein will be checked by SDS-PAGE based on each F₂single plant. Chi-square analysis was used to test the goodness-of-fit of observed ratios with expected ratios for independent assortment or linkage.

Soybean has a morphological type with a broadened and flattened stem. Fasciation has been suggested as a new gene for soybean research. SSR marker linked to the ~Large f locus that controls fasciation phenotype has not identified within 10 cM. A mapping population consisting of 94 F2 progenies was derived from a cross between wild type Clark (FF) and fasciation mutant C32 (~Large f~Large f ). The phenotype of F2 individual plants was recorded at R2 and R3 growth stage from field. One-thousand 10-mer oligonucleotide RAPD primers and 29 SSR primers selected from the D1b+W of the soybean molecular linkage map were used. A genetic map was constructed from the segregating 35 RAPD, four SSR markers and one phenotypic(wild type/fasciation) marker. The segregation ratios of 3 : 1 observed in the F2 population and the Chi-square values strongly suggest that the fasciation trait is controlled by a single recessive gene. Satt537 marker was linked to ~Large f locus at a distance of 9.6 cM. Assignment of the ~Large f locus to linkage group D1b+W and identification of markers can be used as an initial step for fine mapping of the ~Large f gene.