The present study investigated the intra-vitam larval migration of Anisakis pegreffii, which is naturally infected, from the intestine to the viscera and the musculature of live spotty-bellied greenling, Hexagrammos otakii, under the different seawater temperatures. The results showed that the increase in the ratio of larval migration from the intestine to the viscera correlated with the increase in the water temperature in the aquarium. The intra-vitam larval migration ratios from the intestine to the viscera were 60% (63/105) at 15°C, 1.64% (3/183) at 12°C, 1.16% (2/172) at 9°C and 1.42% (2/141) in the control group (7.5°C). The free larvae showed no, slight and strong movement at 9°C, 12°C and 15°C, respectively, in saline water, and the larvae were present in a coiled state at 9°C and 12°C. The results suggest that temperature plays an important role in the intra-vitam larval migration of A. pegreffii. In addition, the free larval behavior of A. pegreffii in vitro increased with increase in temperature. Therefore, to prevent human anisakiasis caused by the consumption of raw fish, it is important that the temperature of the aquarium must be maintained below 12°C, which is the critical temperature zone.

본 연구는 원통형 종이포트 토마토 육묘시 Diniconazole의 처리방법이 도장억제 및 근권발달에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 수행되었다. 그 결과, 엽면적, LAR, 초장, 충실도, 생체중, RGR 및 R/S 에서 시험구간 유의한 차이를 보였다. 동일한 농도를 처리했을 경우, 근권부와 지상부의 흡수도 차이로 인해 저면관수가 엽면살포에 비해 도장억제에 효과적이었다. 저면관수는 엽면시비의 10분의 1의 농도만으로도, 20~30%정도의 동일한 도장억제 효과를 얻을 수 있었다. 디니코나졸 처리에의한 근권부 반응이 흥미로웠는데, 저면관수시 총근장, 근권부피, 평균 근경 및 근단수가 증가하였다. 특히, 0.3mm 이하의 초미세근이 감소하고 0.3~0.6mm의 세근이 증가하였다. 따라서 원통형 종이포트 육묘시 저면관수를 하는 것이 기존 엽면시비에 비해 사용량이 적으면서도 도장억제 및 근권부 활착률을 높힐 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

본 연구는 원통형 종이포트를 활용한 토마토 육묘시, 염스트레스를 활용하여 고온기 도장 억제가능성을 검토하기 위하여 수행되었다. 시험구는 K2SO4, KCl과 KH2PO4을 각 5, 10 dS·m-1로 처리하였고, 또한, 토마토 모종에 고염도의 칼륨을 처리하여 수분 및 저온스트레스 환경에서의 적응성 및 생존성을 조사하였다. 조사결과, 처리 농도가 높아질수록 지상·지하부 건물중, 옆면적, 순동화율 (NAR)이 감소하고, 경경과 충실도는 증가하였다. 수분 스트레스 처리 이후, 대조구는 심한 위조현상을 보였지만, KCl처리구는 양호하였다. 상대수분함량은 대조구에서 23%, KCl처리구에서 8% 감소 하였다. 또한, 대조구에 비하여 KCl 처리구는 저장시(9, 12 및 15°C) 모종의 손상 비율이 낮았다. 이와 같은 결과로 보아, KCl과 같은 고농도의 칼륨 처리가 원통형 종이포트 토마토 육묘의 도장 억제에 효과적이며 환경 스트레스 내성을 향상시키는 것으로 판단된다.

We studied the infection rate of and various metacercariocidal approaches to controlling Gymnophalloides seoi for prevention of human infection in cultured and natural oysters in Korea. The selected survey areas were Aphae-do (Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do), which is an endemic area for G. seoi, and Tongyeong (Geonsangnam-do), which is the main production area of oysters in Korea. In the Tongyeong area, the metacercariae of G. seoi were not detected in cultured oysters (0/201) or wild oysters (0/134). Seventy-two G. seoi metacercariae were observed in 33 of 265 natural oysters collected from Aphae-do; however, metacercariae were not detected in the cultured oysters (0/1101) purchased from the Daejeon Fish Market. To investigate the viability of G. seoi metacercariae, various metacercariocidal treatments were used with 3.5% saline and oyster juice used as positive controls. The metacercariae survived for 75.4 h in 3.5% saline and 112.6 h in oyster juice. After the metacercariocidal treatment, G. seoi metacercariae were survived for 13.29 min in tap water, < 20 sec in 4.3% vinegar, no effect in a rinse of the whole oyster body in 70°C water for 1 sec, but 1 sec in a rinse of the whole oyster body in 90°C water for 1 sec. The greatest metacercariocidal effect on G. seoi was from rinsing oysters in 90°C water followed by those from treatment with 20% ethyl alcohol, 4.3% vinegar, and tap water. However, we suggest that the most actual prevention to G. seoi human infection is rinsing the oysters with tap water for at least 30 min.

We have used bulked segregant analysis to screen the strain-specific DNA marker associated thermophilic strain of Pleurotus eryngii. Bulked genomic DNAs of Pleurotus eryngii were amplified by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) using OP-A, OP-B, OP-L, OP-P, OP-R and OP-S primers to screen the strain-specific DNA marker. A unique DNA fragment of 500 bp was amplified with OP-A11 primer from the psychrophilic strain and sequenced. A sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker was designed on the basis of the determined sequence and named as OP-A11-1. The PCR analysis with the OP-A11-1 primer showed that this SCAR marker clearly distinguish the psychrophilic strains from the control strains.

In order to establish the succession and development of usage culture of Echinops setifer rice cake, the survey on 282 Women (60 years old or over living in 21 cities and counties in Jeonam province) was investigated. The results showed that all respondents did not know the standard name of Echinops setifer. One hundred and twenty four repondents (54.0%) knew the regional name of Echinops setifer and regional name was called differently by region. Less than 6.8% of respondents answered that most recent eating time of Echinops setifer was since 1980. 58 respondents (20.6%) had experience making Echinops setifer rice cake. Less than 6.9% of respondents made Echinops setifer rice cake latest since 1990. The taste and stickiness of Echinops setifer rice cake were evaluated as ‘delicious (4.56)’ and ‘above sticky (4.63)’ according to criterion level 5.0. These results suggest that the standard name of Echinops setifer is spread widely and usage culture of Echinops setifer is needed to be developed.

In order to establish basic data for the succession and development of use culture of Gnaphalium affine, a traditional rice cake plant resource, this study was carried out with a survey on 259 women aged 60 or over living 18 city and county in Jeonnam province. The results are summarized as follows. All respondents in the survey did not know the standard name of Gnaphalium affine. 178 repondents (68.7%) knew the plant name called in the local area. The frequency was higher in the order of Jebissuk (37.5%) > Gaessuk (21.2%) > Seorissuk (19.7%) > Gyessuk (4.3%) > Goissuk (1.9%), including duplicate responses. Of the 178 respondents who responded that they could distinguish it, 82.6% knew only one species, and 17.4% knew two in Gnaphalium affine. 62.3% of respondents said they ate dishes made from Gnaphalium affine, and 62.3% had experience cooking Gnaphalium affine. 61.8% of respondents said they ate rice cake made from Gnaphalium affine, and 40.2% had experience making rice cake with Gnaphalium affine. Edible taste of Gnaphalium affine was evaluated as ‘delicious and sticy taste (4.75)’and ‘above sticky (4.89)’according to criterion level 5.0. The final eating period was followed from 1951-1970 (33.1%) > 1971-1990 (29.4%) > 1991-2010 (17.5%) > after 2011 (13.8%) > before 1950 (10.0%), respectively. As a result, it is very necessary that the standard name of Gnaphalium affine is spread widely and the use culture is succeeded and active.

산업화의 영향으로 에너지 수요 증가에 따라 석탄수요의 증가 및 산업부산물인 재(Ash)의 발생량 또한 급증하는 추세이며, 재(Ash)의 재활용량은 지속적으로 증가하고 있으나 재활용에 의한 수익은 점차 감소하고 있어 재(Ash)의 재활용 부가가치가 점점 낮아지고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 산업부산물인 슬러지와 비산재 혼합에 따른 조경골재 생산을 하고자 하며, 하수슬러지 20~25%, 비산재 30~35%과 첨가제로서 물유리 및 알칼리제를 혼합한 후 소성온도 700~1000℃에서 1시간 동안 반응시켜 제조하여 화산석 대체의 조경골재 사용을 위한 가능성 연구를 하고자 한다. 소성시킨 멀칭용 조경재 제조 후 성분분석을 해본 결과 Si 성분이 20.77%으로 가장 많이 함유되어 있는 물질로 나타났으며 조경재의 구조에 영향을 미치는 Al, Ca, Fe 등의 원소로 구성되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 주사 전자현미경(SEM)분석을 한 결과 다공성이 발달된 구조가 형성되어 토양에 통기성을 높일 수 있는 구조로 발달되어져 있음을 확인할 수 있었으며, 적정 배합비 및 소성온도 등의 특성을 보다 연구하여 화산석과 유사한 조건의 특성을 함유한 멀칭용 조경재를 제조할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 슬러지와 비산재의 혼합을 통한 조경골재 제조에 따른 결론은 폐자원을 활용하여 다양한 분야에서의 재활용 가능성을 높여줄 수 있을 것으로 사료되며, 이에 따른 기업 간의 협력을 통해 자원화 네트워크를 구축할 수 있는 방법을 통한 산업부산물의 다용도화가 가능하다.

Agastache rugosa, a member of the mint family (Labiatae), is a perennial herb widely distributed in East Asian countries. It is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of cholera, vomiting, and miasma. This study assessed the genetic diversity and population structures on 65 accessions of Korean mint A. rugosa germplasm based on inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The selected nine ISSR primers produced reproducible polymorphic banding patterns. In total, 126 bands were scored; 119 (94.4%) were polymorphic. The number of bands generated per primer varied from 7 to 18. A minimum of seven bands was generated by primer 874, while a maximum of 18 bands was generated by the primer 844. Six primers (815, 826, 835, 844, 868, and 874) generated 100% polymorphic bands. This was supported by other parameters such as total gene diversity (HT) values, which ranged from 0.112 to 0.330 with a mean of 0.218. The effective number of alleles (NE) ranged from 1.174 to 1.486 with a mean value of 1.351. Nei's genetic diversity (H) mean value was 0.218, and Shannon's information index (I) mean value was 0.343. The high values for total gene diversity, effective number of alleles, Nei's genetic diversity, and Shannon's information index indicated substantial variations within the population. Cluster analysis showed characteristic grouping, which is not in accordance with their geographical affiliation. The implications of the results of this study in developing a strategy for the conservation and breeding of A. rugosa and other medicinal plant germplasm are discussed.

Each parent, P1 and P2, ten F1 hybrids among 5 parents, eight F2, B1 (F1 × P1), and B2 (F1 × P2were evaluated for spikelet fertility related to cold tolerance in cold-water irrigated plot. Heterosis for spikelet fertility varied from8.6% to 60.5% with a m