Two Grapholita congener, G. molesta and G. dimorpha have difference in several biological characters such as flight time, emerging number/year, damage site, pupation site, and mating time although their host plants were similar. As a problem, cross-trapping was identified in each trap for monitoring. Effects on species-specific lure using minor sex pheromone components were observed in host plant orchards (apple, pear, peach, and plum) for continuative two years. Treatments of various ratios (0 to 10%) of Z8-12OH to G. molesta lure (Z8-12Ac/E8-12Ac = 95:5) allowed to increase the attraction of G. molesta, but not of G. dimorpha male. Other two minor components (14Ac and 12Ac) to G. dimorpha lure (Z8-12Ac/E8-12Ac = 85:15) were not showed species-specific responses. However, 10% treatment of Z8-14Ac to G. dimorpha lure was showed that G. molesta was decreased significantly although G. dimoprha was not affected. E8-14Ac treatment to new G. dimorpha lure (Z8-12Ac/E8-12Ac/Z8-14Ac = 85:15:10) not affected to attraction of two species. From these results, we suggest that optimum ratios for species-specific monitoring of G. molesta and G. dimorpha are Z8-12Ac/E8-12Ac/Z8-12OH = 95:55:5 and Z8-12Ac/E8-12Ac/Z8-14Ac = 85:15:10, respectively.

본 시험은 우리나라에서 발생하는 푸른곰팡이병균의 종의 빈도와 발병환경 및 방제법을 구명코져 실시하였다. 시험결과 Trichoderma koningi, T. lignorum, T. glaucum과 미동정의 1종등 4종의 병원균이 분리되었고 이들의 빈도는 각각 와 이었다. 푸른곰팡이병균은 감자배양액, 왁스만배양액과 리차드배양액에서 생육이 잘 되었으며 중성-염기성배지에서는 생육이 불량한 반면 산성에서 생육이 왕성하였으며 최적산도는 pH4였다. 양송이 수확기간 중 재배사내의 온도는 내외 일 때 본명의 발생이 적었고 수량이 많으며 이상에서는 본병의 발생이 격심하였다. 푸른곰팡이병균은 복토흙 소독시 에서 60분, 혹은 에서 30분간 열처리하므로서 완전히 사멸하였고 퇴비 후발효 과정에서도 사멸되었다.

Backgrounds : Pomelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) is the kind of citrus fruit which is Dicotyledoneae belongs to Rutaceae and special product in Jeju island. According to the previous researches, coumarin, eliocitrin, naringin are identified and these kinds of constituents revealed to be effective as anticancer, antioxidant, and antidiabetic. Until recently, there are many investigations about its functional properties were reported, but investigation about biological activities depend on extraction conditions are not sufficient. Methods and Results : 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was performed by the method of Blois with minor modification. After adding DPPH radical to each sample solutions, the mixtures were incubated in 30 minutes at aphotic place. Then, the degree of scavenging activity was recorded by microplate reader at 490 nm. The scavenging activity was expressed by RC50, which is the concentration of sample solution necessitated to scavenge 50% DPPH radical against negative control. For α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, the method using p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG) was applied. To each samples, α-glucosidase and pNPG were mixed and incubated, consequently, Na2CO3 was added to terminate the reaction. Finally, absorbance was read at 450 nm. The same as DPPH radical scavenging activity, the inhibition was explicitly expressed by the amount of sample solution to inhibit 50% α-glucosidase, IC50. The 80% MeOH extract demonstrated the highest radical scavenging activity with 74.32±8.45 μg/ml. α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity was carried out to evaluate the inhibitory activity of sugar digestion and absorption and 60, 80% MeOH extract exhibited 416.35±11.07 μg/ml and 336.57±2.03 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusion : The DPPH radical scavenging and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity were evaluated in this study. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was seen in 80% Citrus grandis Osbeck MeOH extract, following 60% MeOH extract exhibited the second highest scavenging activity. Also, 80% MeOH extract showed 336.57±2.03 μg/ml, which was the highest α-glucosidase inhibition among all extracts.