Cell transplantation therapy using adult stem cells has recently been identified as a potential treatment for spinal cord injury (SCI). But, recovery after traumatic SCI is very limited. As dogs are physiologically much more similar to human compared with other traditional mammalian models in disease presentation and clinical responses, a number of researches demonstrated canis familiaris is a suitable model for human diseases. This study investigated the effect of transplantation of canine Mesenchymal Stem Cells (cMSC) and neural-induced cMSC (nMSC) to understand how these cells improve neurological function in canine SCI model. The differentiation of cMSC into neural precursor cells was induced in dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium supplemented with N2-supplement, dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and butylated hydroxyanisole. SCI was induced between T1 and T2 by surgical hemi-section in adult dogs, and then assigned to two groups according to the applied cell types (cMSC vs nMSC). Pelleted cMSC or nMSC were transplanted directly into the injured site after SCI, respectively. Analysis of motor function after transplantation was evaluated by modified Olby score. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), histological and immunohistichemical analysis were also performed. Functional recovery in group of cMSC was increasing gradually after transplantation and was higher than nMSC. In MRI, we could not confirm any difference between the cMSC and nMSC experimental groups. Immunohistochemically, beta3-tubuline and nestin were observed in injury site of two experimental groups with the expression level close to non-injured groups. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells could promote neuronal reconstruction and repair motor function in SCI. These showed mesenchymal stem cells could be a great candidate as a therapeutic tools in degeneration disease, and dogs could be used to explore human regenerative medicine as a promising animal model. This research was supported by iPET (Grants 110056032CG000), Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of Korea.

Acteoside (verbascoside) is a typical phenylethanoid glycoside, extracted from various plants. It has various biological functions such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, and anti-hypertension. Specially, it was powerful anti-oxidants either by direct scavenging of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, or by acting as chain-breaking peroxyl radical scavengers. We examined the role of acteoside in IVM medium on the morphological progress of meiosis, developmental competence, and ROS in porcine oocytes. And we investigated effect of acteoside on the oocytes condition represented by cytoplasmic maturation by homogeneous distribution and formation of cytoplasmic organelles and regulation of apoptosis-related genes. The selected COCs were cultured in TCM-199 with various concentration of acteoside: 0 (control), 10, 30, and 50 μM. After 22 h of maturation with hormones, the oocytes were washed twice in a fresh maturation medium before being cultured in hormone-free medium for additional 22 h. The oocytes maturation rates of supplemented with acteoside were no significantly different compared with control group (71.13, 75.96, 72.95 and 73.68%, respectively). Level of ROS was significantly decreased in acteoside treated group. Furthermore, the parthenogenetic blastocyst rate was significantly improved in 10 μM acteoside treated group compared with control group (40.03 vs. 22.95%). During IVM, 10 μM acteoside treated oocytes showed that the mitochondria and lipid droplet were smaller and homogeneous distribution in cytoplasm compare with non-treated control oocytes. And reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) witarthenogenetic blstocysts revealed that acteoside increased the anti-apoptoticgenes, otherwise reibued pro-apoptotic genes. In conclusion, our results represents that addition of acteoside to the IVM medium has a beneficial effect in physiology of porcine oocytes such as viability and activation, providing a improved method for porcine oocytes in vitro.

가막만은 한국 남해안의 중앙부에 위치하고 있고, 돌산도와 고돌산반도로 둘러 쌓여 있으며, 북동쪽 수로와 남쪽 수로를 통하여 외해와 연결되어 있다. 평균수심은 9m 내외이며, 남쪽 수로 부근의 수심은 20m 정도되어 가막만에서 수심이 가장 깊다. 가막만의 중앙부에는 동서방향으로 구릉이 발달되어 있어서 수심이 5m 이내이며, 이 구릉으로 인하여 가막만의 해수순환이 상당부분 남북으로 나뉘어진다. 북서내만역은 수심이 8m 전후로 지형이 오목한 분지형을 하고 있다. 효율적인 내만의 수질관리를 위해서는 우선 부하발생원에 따른 오염배출량이 어느 정도 인지 확인하고 해역의 환경용량과 환경기준을 만족하기 위해서 부하삭감량을 산정하는 사전대책이 요구된다. 연안해역의 수질에 영향을 끼치는 부하발생원은 크게 점오염원과 비점오염원으로 구분되는데, 비점오염원은 강우시 도시지역이나 농경지 및 산림지역의 유출수로 파악될 수 있지만, 유입지점을 명확하게 찾기 어렵고, 일간 계절간 배출량 변화가 크며 예측과 정량화가 어려워서 관리가 힘든 특징이 있다. 이에 반해 점오염원은 가정하수, 공장폐수로 구성되며 일정한 지점에서 일정량이 지속적으로 발생하여서 배출구와 배출단위가 파악가능하기 때문에 수질관리를 위한 부하삭감량 산정의 주 대상이 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 해역으로 유입하는 외부부하량을 실측하고 분석하여 가막만의 효과적인 수질관리의 기본자료로 활용하고자 한다. 하천 부하량 조사는 하수종말처리장을 포함하여 가막만 유역에 포함되는 하천 22개 지점을 대상으로 하였으며, 조사 시기는 3월부터 12월까지 매월 1회 실시 하였고, 조사항목은 하천 유량, 수온, 염분, pH, 부유물질(SS), 용존산소(DO), 화학적 산소요구량(CODMn) 및 입자성 유기탄소(POC), 용존성 유기탄소 (DOC)와 암모니아성 질소(NH4 +-N), 아질산성 질소(NO2 --N), 질산성 질소(NO3 --N), 인산염 인(PO4 3--P), 총질소(T-N), 총인(T-P)에 대한 조사를 실시하였다. 각 항목별 분석은 수질오염공정시험방법(환경부, 2008)에 준하여 분석하였다. 하천 유량의 월별 총합은 87220.8∼191685.7 m³/day 이고, 부유물질(SS)과 화학적 산소요구량(COD), 용 존무기질소(DIN), 용존무기인(DIP), 총질소(TN), 총인(TP), 총유기탄소(TOC)의 월별 부하량은 각각 1219.2∼3406.8(평균 1941.9) kg/day, 697.8∼1117.83(평균 857.36.0) kg/day, 569.2∼1241.7(평균 792.9) kg/day, 33.1∼84.4(평균 58.3) kg/day, 839.8∼1779.9(평균 1112.1) kg/day, 60.1∼108.1(평균 89.4) kg/day, 222.2∼414.8(평균 284.9) kg/day 이다. 계절별로는 강우량이 많았던 5월과 7월에 높은 부하량을 보였고, 지점별로는 하수처리장에서 가장 많은 부하량을 보였고, 선소 주변 하수구 3지역과 연등천에서 또한 많은 부하량을 보였다. 가막만 북서내만역 은 주변 하수구에서 높은 부하량을 보이는 것으로 보아 하천의 오염원이 가막만에 직접적으로 영향을 미 치는 것으로 판단된다.

Multi-walled carbon nanotube-poly methyl methacrylate (MWNT/PMMA) nanocomposite has been prepared by in situ polymerization of MMA dispersed with MWNTs. The MWNTs were functionalized by nitric acid and sulfuric acid treatment, and this was confirmed by FTIR spectrometer. The solution mixture of MWNTs and MMA was partially polymerized at 80℃, followed by the addition of AIBN and polymerization at 50℃. The MWNT-PMMA composite was prepared by casting the pre-polymer on the glass plate, and the optical properties have been studied using UV-vis spectrometer. The acid treated MWNTs were well dispersed in MMA with fairly good dispersion stability, while flocculation and sedimentation was observed from raw MWNTs in MMA.