Establishment of emission standard of dioxins from crematories has been needed for their efficient management in korea. In this study, we investigate related regulation, guideline and management of crematory at home and abroad. Either dioxin legal basis or management of countries are compared and analyzed respectively. Crematories were distributed 51 place all over the country and total 265 crematories have been operated in 2000. Korea crematories have been operated 3 steps; incineration, cooling in furnace and collection of bone. This process is similar with Japanese process. But European process is different steps; incineration, keeping the temperature of furnace and collection of bone. In case of Korea, the resynthesis of dioxins in the cooling process due to the dioxin emissions higher than European process. This study has suggested three emission standards of dioxins from crematories based on survey of foreign standards and korean measurement data. The 1st suggested standard is 10 ng-TEQ/Sm3 in present facility, 5 ng-TEQ/Sm3 in new facility, the 2nd suggestion is 5 ng-TEQ/Sm3 in present facility, 1 ng-TEQ/Sm3 in new facility and the 3nd suggestion is 0.5 ng-TEQ/Sm3 in present facility, 0.1 ng-TEQ/Sm3 in new facility. When 2nd suggestion apply, at 2020 dioxin emissions(0.779 g-TEQ/yr) is expected to be approximately 71% reduction compared to 2010 year.

Dried leaves of Raphanus sativus L. and Angelica keiskei L. extracts have strong antioxidant potential and in consequence profound effects on ulcerative colitis. Present study was conducted to explore the effect of diet mixtures containing dried leaves of Raphanus sativus and Angelica keiskei powder on ulcerative colitis in mice and antioxidant potential of radish green and Angelica extracts as well. Both dried leaves of Raphanus sativus and Angelica keiskei extracts exhibited higher antioxidant activity due to the presence of polyphenols, favonoids and antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD). Analyzed data indicate that Angelica keiskei extract had higher polyphenol and flavonoid contents compared with radish green, while maximum SOD activity was noted in dried leaves of Raphanus sativus extract Likewise, higher antioxidant (348.72 ± 31.65 μg/mL) and ABTS+ radical scavenging (17%) activities were noted in dried leaves of Raphanus sativus extract compared with Angelica keiskei.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of split application of nitrogen(N) on development of vascular bundle(VB) and yield components of rice. Two cultivars were used in this study; IR58, an indica type and Shinunbongbyeim a japonica type. The number and total cross sectional area of the VB in the peduncle and leaf blade were more and bigger in N split application than 100 percent basal fertilizer. Nitrogen split application at necknode differentiation stage increased the number and size of the VB. Nitrogen split application resulted in increased panicle number with application of N before transplanting and at tillering stage; increased spikelets number with N application at necknode differentiation stage; and increased spikelet fertility and 1000 grain weight with N application at necknode differentiation and heading stages. Grain yield increased 7-10% in N split as compared to all basal application. The total cross sectional area of VB in peduncle closely correlated with the number of spikelets per panicle. Nitrogen management can have an impact on spikelet differentiation through more and bigger VB and increase grain yield potential