This study was performed to investigate the seasonal occurrence, developmental characteristics of each nymphal stages with different temperatures (20, 25, 30℃), longevity and fecundity of ussur brown katydid, Paratlanticus ussuriensis, damaging by outbreaks in the orchard areas of Bitan-ri, Yeongdong, Chungbuk. Paratlanticus ussuriensis occurred from late-March to late-August with peak of mid-May. Newly emerged nymphs appeared from March and do damaged fruit orchards with peak of mid-May when P. ussuriensis existed as 4th and 5th nymphal stages. P. ussuriensis adult occurred from early-June to mid-Aug. with peak of mid-July. Total density of P. ussuriensis was showed highest in mid-May. P. ussuriensis goes through nymphal stages to 7th nymph, the ovipositor began exposed to outside from the 4th instar and the body weight increased heavily from this stage and the wings were observed from 6th instar. Developmental period was longer as increased the nymphal stages. Sex ratio of collected insect was showed as 0.57; females more than males. As increased the temperature, developmental period was to be short. Preoviposition was also to be short as 5.0, 4.3, and 3.4 days at 20, 25, 30℃, respectively, and fecundity increased as 69.0, 87.1, and 104.3 at 20, 25, 30℃, respectively. Longevity of male and female at 25℃ was showed the longest with 35.7, and 32.9 days and showed the shortest with 30.1 and 28.1 days at 30℃, respectively. The difference of developmental period in male and female were showed longer in female without relation of temperature. The eggs laid were frequently distributed 3 to 4 cm from soil surface, and showed the behavior laying eggs intensively when early oviposition period.

The toxicity of perilla-chinese Basil, Perilla frutescens whole plant-derived materials to third-instar of larva Plutella xylostella was examined using that of four insecticides and 5 constituents of P. frutescens from other research materials. The active principle of P. frutescens was identified as the sesquiterpenoids α-farnesene by spectroscopic analysis. In leaf-dipping bioassay, α-farnesene (LD50, 36.9) was 3.9 times more toxic than β-farnesene (LD50, 145.2) against P. xylostella larva, based on 48h LD50 values. This compound was less toxic than insecticides. Naturally occurring α-farnesene merit further study as potential diamond back moth control agent.

Recently, Ussur brown katydid outbreaks caused a serious pest problem in areas of Yeongdong, Chungbuk. This study was performed to control the pest with environment-friendly method. Trap was made of PET plastic bottles that easily found near farmhouse. Attractant materials such as oak (Quercus acutissima) leaf, fruits (peach, apple, grapefruit and pear) sarcocarp or its juices, rice wine (makgeolli) and fish meal were directly applied into the manufactured trap and investigated for the attraction efficacy compared with the funnel trap. During one day, manufactured trap (fish trap) attracted the Ussur brown katydid more than funnel trap. The efficacy of attractant materials were as follows: peach juice (32.7 adults)> rice wine+fish meal (31.3 adults) > rice wine (27.0 adults) > pear juice (19.0 adults) > apple juice (17.2 adults) > fish meal (16.7 adults) > grapefruit juice (14.4 adults) > oak leaf (2.3 adults). The attractive efficacy of fruit juices to ussur brown katydid was more than fruit carcocarps, and the trap hangover 1m in height more than that on ground. The composition of rice wine and fish meal prolonged its efficacy when treated with disinfectant.

This study was performed to investigate the feeding behavior of sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci using the DC-EPG and the each developmental periods of biotype Q against nine varieties of red pepper. The result was showed that biotype Q did not feed and develop in the Nokkwang variety. In order to analyze the antifeedant, three feeding-preferred varieties (Cheongpungdaegun, Cheonyang, and Sannedeul) and non-preferred variety (Nokkwang) was tested for their sugar compounds using HPLC (ELSD Detector). The detected sugars were erythritol, xylose, xylitol, fructose, glucose, mannitol, and sucrose. In feeding-preferred varieties, the sugar such as erythritol, xylose, and xylitol were present at higher quantity than Nokkwang variety, however, fructose was existed lower quantity than Nokkwang variety. Subsequent bioassay for antifeedant activity, only xylitol showed repelled at lower concentration; however, attracted at higher concentration. Therefore, it is believed that xylitol may play a key role in the variety choice of red pepper by Q biotype of sweetpotato whitefly.

Biotype Q of Sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) was raised in seven tomatoes and eight red pepper varieties; however, biotype B did not grow in red pepper varieties. Rokkusanmaru variety of tomato and Cheongpungdaegun variety of red pepper showed the highest susceptibility to biotype B and Q. HPLC (ELSD Detector) analysis showed that the presence of sugars such as erythritol, xylose, xylitol, fructose, glucose, mannitol, and sucrose in red pepper varieties; erythritol, xylose, fructose, glucose, and mannitol was in tomato varieties. Tomato varieties lacks xylitol and sucrose, which were present in the red pepper varieties. Subsequent bioassay with these two sugars, sucrose did not show significant difference between two biotypes; however, xylitol was showed only repellent effect against B biotype. Therefore, it seems that xylitol may play a key role in the selection of host plant by biotype B of sweetpotato whitefly.

This study was performed to investigate the toxicity of 39 registered insecticides to the susceptibility, systemic effect, and residual effect and control effect against Pine sawyer beetle, Monochamus saltuarius. Eleven kinds of chemicals such as fenitrothion, fenthion, phenthoate, phosphamidon, dinotefuran, actamiprid, clothianidin, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, esfenvalerate + fenitrothion, and fipronil were showed 100% insecticidal activity both in body spray and twig dipping bioassay. Among these chemicals, fenitrothion and fenthion were showed 100 % insecticidal activity when sprayed at 4000 times diluted solutions, and phenthoate, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam and fipronil were showed 100% insecticidal activity when sprayed at 2000 times diluted solution. Root systemic effect was showed 100% mortality in phosphamidon, clothianidin, thiamethoxam, and 77.7% in thiacloprid. In residual effect, fenitrothion and thiamethoxam were showed 80% mortality fifteen days after treatment (DAT), and fenthion, phosphamidon, clothianidin were showed 80% mortality ten DAT, fenitrothion, thiamethoxam, fipronil showed 100% mortality in seven DAT, thiacloprid was showed 100% mortality in three DAT. Fenthion and phenthoate were showed 100% mortality one DAT. In the control effect, 6 kinds of chemicals were showed 100% mortality one DAT and all chemicals showed 100% mortality three DAT.

Pine sawyer beetle, Monochamus saltuarius preferred the feed on fresh twig of Korean white pine trees (Pinus koraiensis) than one-year old and two-year twig. It means that the current twig is appropriate to increase the lifespan and reproduction of this insect. In a bioassay after fractionated the hexane layer from the water layer, the hexane layer did not show feeding response; however, the water layer was preferred in the order of fresh twig>one-year twig>two-year old twig. By HPLC analysis, we identified three kinds of sugar, namely, fructose, sucrose, glucose. The quantity of fructose was the highest in fresh twig followed by one-year and two-year old twig. In the preference test using each standard sample, the order was fructose>sucrose>glucose at 10, 30 μg/filterpaper, and fructose>sucrose >glucose at 50μg/filterpaper. From the above result, fructose plays an important role as a feeding stimulant for pine sawyer adult.

As a major component of cuticle wax, cuticular hydrocarbon plays key roles as a chemical cue among inter- and intra-species in some beetles like as pheromone and alleolochemicals in addition to the physical function. In this study, cuticular hydrocarbon was analyzed and compared with three species of beetles adult, Monochamus alternatus, M. saltuarius belong to the Monochamus sp., and belong to the same class, Moechophyta diphysis, a typical vector of pine wilt disease. The composition of cuticular hydrocarbon of three species of beetles adult did not show the difference between male and female in intra-species, however, showed the difference in inter-species. They also differed from carbon numbers in inter species as 25-32 in M. saltuarius, 25-35 in M. alternatus, and 23-31 in M. diphysis. Major constituent of M. saltuarius was analyzed as n-C25, 2 or 4 MeC26, 9-C25:1, n-C27, 4-MeC28, n-C29, (9,x)-,and/or (11,x)-diMeC29; those of M. alternatus were n-C25, n-C27, 4-MeC28, n-C29, (9,x)-, and/or (11,x)-diMeC29, 9-C29:1, n-C29, (9,x)-,and/or (11,x)-diMeC29; and those of M. diphysis were n-C25, n-C26, n-C27, 3-MeC27,9-C29:1, 11-MeC29. The contents of n-alkanes were as follows: M. saltuarius ≒ M. alternatus > M. diphysis. The contents of monomethylalkanes were as follows: M. diphysis > M. saltuarius ≒ M. alternatus. The contents of dimethylalkanes were as follows: M. saltuarius ≒ M. alternatus > M. diphysis. And the content of olefine in female were analyzed as follows: M. saltuarius > M. alternatus ≒ M. diphysis, and the male's contents were similar in three kinds of beetles.