소나무재선충병은 소나무재선충(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)의 감염으로 발생하며, 소나무 숲 생태계에 심각한 환경 피해를 준다. 본 연구에 서는 소나무재선충에 대한 살선충제를 개발하기 위해 7가지 곤충병원성 곰팡이 추출물의 살선충 활성을 평가하였다. 곰팡이를 배양하여 추출물을 얻은 다음, 다양한 농도에서 96-웰 플레이트를 이용해 살선충 활성을 평가하였다. 그 결과, 붉은자루동충하초(Cordyceps pruinosa) 추출물은 5 mg/mL 농도에서 84.7%의 가장 높은 치사율을 보였으며, LC50 값은 0.130 mg/mL였다. 노린재포식동충하초(Ophiocordyceps nutans) 추출물은 76.2%의 치사율을 보였다. 나머지 5가지 곰팡이 추출물은 42.8%에서 62.0% 사이의 치사율을 나타내었다. 동충하초류 추출물의 높은 살선충 활성 은 활성 화합물을 추가로 밝혀낸다면, 생물학적 살선충제로 개발될 가능성을 시사하였다.

Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) is a key horticultural vegetable in East Asia, particularly in South Korea. It is an important ingredient in traditional fermented foods like kimchi. With climate change and agricultural diversification, such as crop rotation, becoming increasingly relevant globally, examining the productivity of different Chinese cabbage varieties in new regions is crucial. This study evaluated the feasibility of cultivating Chinese cabbage in Bolivia, where the highland regions present unique environmental conditions, including temperature and soil characteristics. We conducted an experiment to grow five different Korean varieties of Chinese cabbage for three months in Sipe Sipe, Cochab amb a, w here t he KOPIA B olivia c enter is located, t o assess t heir a daptability to t he l ocal environment. A s a result, we i dentified two Korean v arieties a s the most s uitab le f or c ultivation i n Bolivia. We expect that this research will serve as a foundational reference for further exploration of the possibilities for cultivating different Chinese cabbage varieties in Bolivia.

While potatoes are a representative crop in Bolivia, their cultivation requires a significant amount of chemical pesticides. Some seed treatment chemicals used for seed potatoes in Bolivia can be highly toxic. Additionally, farmers face financial constraints that make it difficult to use these pesticides. In this paper, we investigated the potential of applying plant ash to seed potatoes as an eco-friendly alternative for seed potato disinfection. We also examined the effects of seed tuber cutting in combination with the ash treatment. The potato variety used was “Jatun Puka,” a new variety developed in Peru that has been studied at the Bolivian National Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Innovation (INIAF). The experiment was conducted using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four repetitions in Sipe Sipe and Sapanani o f Cochab amb a, and Mairana of S anta Cruz. The r esults s howed that the e ffects of the ash treatment and tuber cutting were significantly influenced by the local environment of each region in Bolivia. The ash treatment was more effective than the others only in the Sapanani region, where the soil pH was low enough to fall within the optimal range for potatoes after the ash treatment. Generally, cutting seed potatoes had a negative effect on yield across all three regions, with the negative impact increasing in proportion to the humidity or precipitation of each area. However, considering the cost of seed potatoes per unit area, cutting them remains an adoptable option under certain circumstances. We hope this research will serve as an important reference for future studies on eco-friendly potato cultivation in Bolivia.

본 연구는 지난 10여년간 고려대학교 및 한국과학기술연구원(KIST)에서 AMS를 이용하여 측정된 우주선유발 동위원소 10 Be의 준비 및 측정 과정을 다룬 보고서이다. 총 2 4세트의 표준물질과 107개의 Blank시료가 분석되었으며, 2017년 이후 표준물질의 측정 재현성이 크게 향상되어 국제적인 주요 실험실의 결과와 비교할 만한 수준의 성과를 보였다. 그러나 Blank 값은 사용된 9 Be 캐리어의 종류 및 석영 추출 과정과 AMS 측정 세팅 등 실험 조건에 따라 영향 을 받는 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 잠재적인 오염원을 체계적으로 추적하고 관리할 필요성을 시사한다. 본 연구는 10 Be Background 값을 줄이는 것이 우주선유발 동위원소 연구의 범위를 넓히는 데 중요한 역할을 함을 강조한다. 낮은 Background 값은 상대적으로 최근에 형성된 지형이나 오랜 시간 매몰되어 방사성 핵종이 상당량 감소한, 저준위 10 Be 지형의 연대측정을 가능하게 한다. 향후 연구에서는 실험 과정을 개선하고 가중평균 계산법 등의 새로운 통계적 방법을 도입하여 측정 오차를 최소화하는 데 중점을 둘 예정이다. 본 연구는 다양한 시간적 및 공간적 규모에서 지구표면과학 연구를 발전시키기 위한 우주선유발 동위원소 분석의 기반을 제공한다.

This study presents the results of mosquito surveillance monitoring in Chungnam Province from 2017 to 2020. A total of 130,750 mosquitoes were collected, and we analyze variations of mosquito populations with emphasis on the most abundant species. We also provide the field survey data based on the different habitats in Chungnam Province.

In the study, a variation of Haemaphysalis longicornis, a major vector of fever-causing conditions, was statistically analyzed to identify the spatial and climatic factors affecting the time-dependent variations of its population. The survey occurred in different habitats in South Korea. In addition, we developed a predictive model by using a probability function to find the peak occurrence time annually. As a result, the numbers of adults and nymphs were found to be related to temperature and relative humidity and their population peaked at the end of May in all habitats except deciduous forests. This study is expected to provide information on habitat types, times, and climate patterns that require attention to help control H. longicornis populations.

The leafhopper family Cicadellidae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) is plant feeders, with mouthparts adapted for sucking. Almost of the them cause injuries of destruction to plants, including fruit trees and grain crops, and can be vectors of plant diseases. Therefor, Cicadellidae is one of the most important pests in the world. However, their identifications are very difficult because of small size and morphological similarities, and their exact biological information such as host plants, life cycle and distribution are not clear for most species. So, we provide and integrated biological database that present accurate diagnostic methods and ecological infromation.

The leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae are the biggest group belonging to the Cicadellidae. Deltocephalinae consists of 38 tribes, 923 genera, and 6,683 valid species in worldwide. The genus Scaphoideus Uhler of the subfamily is the largest genus of the tribe Scaphoideini with two subgenera and comprised about 160 species found in the world. Some of Scaphoideus species are serious pests and vectors of phytoplasma such as Scaphoideus titanus, S. luteolus. In this talk, the leafhopper genus Scaphoideus from Korea peninsula is reviewed with one new species and one new recorded species. Additionally, morphological information and descriptions of genitalia, and a key to the species of Scaphoideus are provided.

Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae) is the largest subfamily of Cicadellidae, and caused direct damage on their host plants by feeding and spawning, or as vectors of plant pathogens such as viruses, phytoplasmas, and bacteria. It contains majority of cicadellid vector species of economically important plant disease. Despite of economical pests, Deltocephalinae is difficult to identify due to morphological similarities and variations, yet, their biological information like host plants and taxonomical characters has not been constructed for accurate diagnosis of species. In this study, we build a database of integrated biological information such as host plants, distributional records and dorsal habitus of specimens, male genitalia, and DNA barcoding data with illustrations and photographs.