This study was conducted to make breeding program for improving milling traits, which has difference among the rice varieties. Milling traits such as residual embryo ratio, broken kernel ratio and whiteness were investigated at the different milling level and with several varieties. Residual embryo ratio and broken kernel ratio were high at the varieties group having more 1000-grain weight. In the whiteness of milled rice, there was also variance among the varieties at the same degree of milling. Correlation analysis among milling traits showed that there is positive correlation between 1000-grain weight and recovery of brown rice, but negative correlation between protein content of brown rice and hardness of kernel. Therefore, these different milling traits of each varieties could be considered in the rice breeding program for the good quality.

Hwangeumnodeul is a new japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between Milyang165 and HR15151-B-21-3 at Honam Agricultural Research Institute (HARI), NICS, RDA, in 2007. This cultivar has short grains and about 139 days of growth duration from direct seeding to harvesting in the southern plain areas. Culm length of this cultivar is 78 cm and the number of spikelet per panicle is similar to that of the check cultivar, Nampyeongbyeo, while filled grain rate is lower than the check variety. This cultivar is moderately resistant to leaf blast, bacterial blight pathogens of K1, K2 and K3 and stripe virus but susceptible to major virus diseases and insect pests. Milled kernel of Hwanggeumnodeul is translucent with non-glutinous endosperm. This cultivar has about 5.7% and 18.6% of protein and amylose contents, respectively. Palatability of cooked rice of Hwanggeumnodeul is similar to Nampyeongbyeo. Its milling recovery and head rice were 75.6% and 90.0%, respectively. Hwanggeumnodeul yielded 5.69 and 5.61 MT/ha in milled rice at the under wet-direct and dry-direct seeding conditions, respectively which are 17% and 12% higher than the check variety, Juanbyeo. It yielded 5.86 MT/ha, 8% higher than Nampyeongbyeo at the standard fertilizer level of the ordinary transplanting cultivation. “wanggeumnodeul”would be adaptable for ordinary transplanting as well as direct seeding in the southern plain including Chungcheong province.

This study was carried out to get the genetic information on the germination rate and fat acidity after 12 weeks’storage at 35 . Germination rate decreased with longer storage period, ℃ while fat acidity increased. Germination rate was higher in the order of Koshihikari, Hanmaeum and Unkwangbyeo after 12 weeks’storage at 35℃. Fat acidity of Koshihikari and Hanmaeum was gradually increased, but that of Unkwangbyeo was dramatically increased after 4 weeks’storage at 35℃. The genetic mode on germination rate and fat acidity using the joint scaling test was shown to be additive-dominance gene effects. Additive([d]) effect was higher than dominance effect([h]) in all crosses. The average degree of dominance, [h]/[d], was less than 1, indicating that germination rate and fat acidity was partially dominant. Germination rate and fat acidity based on frequency distribution of 2 crosses were quantitative characters expressed by polygenes.