The dry-milling technique was used for mixing and crushing oxides and graphite powders. The ratio of ball-to-powder was 30:1 and argon gas was filled in jar. The excess carbon was of the stoichiometric amount. The dry-milling was carried for 20 hours. The mixed powders were reduced and carburized at for 3 hours flowing Ar gas in tube furnace. The dry-milled powders showed the wide diffraction patterns of X-ray. The reactions of reduction and carburization were completed in 3 hours at . After the reactions, the mean size of WC particles was about 200 nm. The content of free carbon in WC/Co mixed powders was less as the reaction temperature increased.

Nano-sized WC particles in WC/Co composite powders were synthesized by mechanochemical method. The raw powders and graphite) were mixed by planetary milling for 30 hours. The compositions were WC-10 and -20 wt% Co added VC and . The direct reduction and carburization of the mixed powders were carried at for 1 to 3 hours under flowing Ar gas. The mean size of WC particles in WC/Co composite powders was about 16 nm. The resultant powders were compacted and sintered at for 0.5 hour. After sintering the mean size of WC particles was about 50 nm.