Bone-related diseases (e.g., osteoporosis) represent a significant health challenge, prompting research for effective therapeutic agents, particularly from natural sources. The edible mushroom, Mycoleptodonoides aitchisonii has attracted interest due to its wide range of biological activities. Cytotoxicity assays revealed no significant toxicity of the M. aitchisonii water extract (MAWE) up to 50 μg/mL. MAWE significantly promoted dose-dependent osteoblast differentiation with ALP activity and mineralization increase by 109.17 % and 23 %, respectively, compared with the differentiation-only group. Moreover, MAWE significantly upregulated osteoblast-related gene expressions, including that of type I collagen (COL1A), osterix (Osx), and osteopontin (OPN). Furthermore, MAWE treatment significantly increased AMPK phosphorylation. This effect was further confirmed by demonstrating that the AMPK inhibitor compound C suppressed AMPK phosphorylation, and subsequent MAWE treatment restored it. In summary, these results demonstrate that MAWE possesses potent osteoblast differentiation-promoting efficacy, primarily through AMPK signaling pathway activation.

The catalyst materials 0N-Cu-MOF, 1N-Cu-MOF, and 2N-Cu-MOF were successfully synthesized usinga solvothermal method, and using different concentrations of nitrogen-modified Cu organic frameworks (xN-Cu-MOF). Characterizations using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis showed that 1N-Cu-MOF had the largest SSA and pore size among the three materials synthesized. 1N-Cu-MOF exhibited the largest pore size and specific surface area among the three materials, which had a decisive effect on CO2 reduction. In addition, stability and CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) activity were evaluated by linear sweep voltmeter, cyclic voltmeter, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and time flow tests. Faradaic efficiency (FE) was determined by product analysis. Among the three catalyst materials, 1N-Cu-MOF showed the best catalytic performance at 50 mA･cm-2 (maximum current density). The charge transfer resistance was 8.23 Ω, the average current density was 19.9 mA･cm-2, and the FE of methane (CH4) production showed a high efficiency of 70.45 % when tested for 12 h at an overpotential of -0.35 V (to-RHE).

본 연구는 비방사성 SrCl2를 이용하여 Sr 농도를 50, 100, 200mg·kg-1 및 토양 유기물 함량을 5%, 10% 및 15%로 달리하여 배추의 생육, 생체중, 엽록소 함량에 미치는 영향을 생육 시기별로 분석하였다. 그 결과, Sr 농도가 증가할수록 초장, 근장, 엽면적, 생체중 및 건물중이 유의하게 감소하였으며, 특히 Sr 200mg·kg-1 처리에서 생육 저 해가 뚜렷하였다. 반면, 엽록소 함량(SPAD)은 처리 간 유의한 차이를 보이지 않아 광합성 색소에는 Sr의 영향이 제 한적인 것으로 나타났다. 유기물 함량이 높은 토양에서는 Sr 처리에 따른 생육 저해가 완화되었으며, 특히 유기물 15% 조건에서 완충 효과가 가장 크게 나타났다. 이는 유기물이 Sr의 생물유효도를 감소시켜 식물체 흡수를 억제하 는 기작에 의한 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구는 비방사성 SrCl2를 이용한 실험을 통해 작물의 Sr 독성 반응과 유기물 기 반 토양 완충 효과를 정량적으로 규명하였으며, 향후 방사성 오염 토양의 생물학적 복원 및 안전 농산물 생산 전략 수립에 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.