Rice is the most important staple food and the consumption is increasing in Europe and America. It is expected that the rice price will be increased due to the unstable supply and demand because of abiotic stress. Experts expect that the rice supply of Korea will be deficient in 2050 for the reason of global warming. Conventional breeding methods need to be supplemented with recent biotechnology to meet the problem such as growing population and climate change. Using rice biotechnology, a number of agronomically important traits and nutritional value have been improved. In this paper, the current situation of rice cultivation and production situation and supply and consumption in the major country were investigated to prepare future food security. Also the research trends of rice biotechnology and kinds of transformed rice as well as safety issues were reviewed by considering the scientific, social and economic values of rice.

본 연구의 목적은 우리나라에서 개발된 병저항성 GM벼의알레르기 유발성을 평가하고자 하였다. 벼 유래의 Cholinekinase 1 유전자(OsCK1)를 과발현 하도록 형질전환한 벼를이용하여 알레르기 유발인자와 상동성이 있는지 확인한 결과,연속되는 80개 이상의 아미노산 절편에서 35% 이상의 상동성을 보이는 서열은 없었으며 8개씩의 인접 아미노산과 일치하는 서열도 확인되지 않았다. 또한 GM벼와 non-GM 벼 사이의 단백질 분포가 일치하는 것을 확인하였으며, 인공 위액에서 빠르게 분해됨을 확인하였다. 발현단백질의 당화 발생 여부를 확인한 결과, OsCK1단백질에 대한 당화는 발생하지 않는 것을 알 수 있었으며 열안정성 검사에서OsCK1 단백질을100oC에서 가열하였을 때 30분 이후부터는 약하게 분해됨을확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 병저항성 GM벼는 알레르기 유발과는 상관관계가 없음을 확인하였다.

It is necessary to carry out a risk assessment to determine the consequences of releasing a particular plant species containing specific transgenes before transgenic plants can be grown under filed conditions. Gene flow from transgenic plants to wild closely related species has raised concern recently. Since transgenic crops were released in 1996, the global area of transgenic crops has been increasing rapidly. The transgene introgression from transgenic crops to their wild relatives is unavoidable in some species. Transgene introgression is of concern because the crop–wild plant hybrids might be conferred with a selection advantage to increase their performance, which could result in negative ecological consequences to natural ecosystems. The genus Brassica has 159 species, including a number of wild species that are of great importance to the economy. Most transgenic Brassica gene flow research has focused on the most successful cross between transgenic oilseed rape Brassica napus and its wild relatives Brassica rapa, a widely distributed weed in the farming system in Europe and America, since the hybridization can spontaneously happen and the generations can backcross to B. rapa easily in the wild conditions. In this study, we aimed to characterize transgene introgression, segregation, and expression in backcrossed generations between tramsgenic B. napus and B. rapa. These results will contribute to the environmental risk assessment and assist in biosafety management.

본 연구는 내충성 독소 발현 유전자(CryIIIA)를 벼에 형질 전환하여 해충에 대한 저항성을 갖도록 국내에서 개발한 해충저항성 GM벼(Btt12R)와 그 모본인 낙동벼의 주요영양성분과 항영양소를 분석하여 각 성분의 함량에 차이가 있는지를 비교하기 위해서 수행하였다. 이를 위해, 낙동벼와 Btt12R 뿐만 아니라 국내 상업화 품종인 영안벼와 화성벼를 수원 GMO 격리포장에서 동일한 조건하에 재배하여 수확한 현미를 사용하였다. 47가지 주요영양성분(8가지 일반성분, 17가지 아미노산, 8가지 지방산, 9가지 미네랄, 5가지 비타민) 중에 16가지 성분의 함량이 모본과 Btt12R 간에 차이를 보였지만, Btt12R의 이 16가지 성분은 함께 재배한 일반벼와 OECD에 명기된 함량 범위 내에 있었다. 2가지 항영양소 중 트립신 저해제는 모든 시료에 0.1 TIU/mg 미만의 극미량으로 존재했으며, Btt12R의 피트산 함량은 낙동벼와 일반벼의 피트산 범위에 포함되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면, 분석한 Btt12R의 모든 주요영양성분 및 항영소의 함량이 모본 및 상업화 품종의 함량 범위에 포함되었으며, 이를 통해 CryIIIA 유전자를 벼 게놈에 삽입하는 것이 현미의 영양학적 품질에 영향을 미치지 않음을 확인하였다.

The aim of the study was to assess the safety of methionine sulfoxide reductase B2(CaMsrB2) protein as toxicity, allergenecity and identity of inserted gene product that transformed rice. Through bioinfomatical research of CaMsrB2, amino acid sequence of CaMsrB2 did not share overall homology with any known or suspected to be allergen or toxin protein. For the biochemical research, CaMsrB2 protein was expressed and purified. Using purified protein, we made a specific antibody. Purified protein was sequenced by Edman degradation methods and confirmed sequence identify.. The amino acid sequences of purified protein were the same as deduced amino acid sequences exclude N-terminal Histidine. And for the internal sequences of CaMsrB2, we performed MALDI-TOF Mass. The results of MALDI-TOF MS was compared Mascot Database and confirmed the sequence coverage was 56%. These results mean bacterially produced CaMsrB2 was the same with inserted gene product. With these purified and identified CaMsrB2 protein, we performed acute toxicity test. Following the OECD guideline 423, 2,000mg/Kg body weight protein were injected as oral administration. After 2 weeks, there did not shown any death and special symptoms.