기후 변화로 인한 해양 온도 상승으로 해양생물독소의 발생 빈도가 점점 증가하고 있으며, 이는 식품 안전과 공 중 보건에 중대한 위협을 가하고 있다. 해양생물독소를 검 출하기 위한 기존의 방법인 마우스 생체검사(MBA), 고성 능 액체 크로마토그래피(HPLC), 액체 크로마토그래피-질 량 분석법(LC-MS) 등은 절차가 오래 걸리고 비용이 많이 든다는 한계가 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위한 대안 으로 바이오센서 기술이 유망한 해결책으로 부상하고 있 다. 이러한 바이오센서는 세포, 항체, 압타머, 펩타이드와 같은 바이오리셉터를 이용해 해양생물독소를 신속하고 정 확하게 검출한다. 본 리뷰에서는 다양한 종류의 바이오리 셉터를 논의하고, 해양생물독소 검출을 위한 바이오센서 기술의 최근 발전을 탐구한다. 또한, 이러한 바이오리셉터 의 장점을 강조하며, 해양생물독소 검출을 위한 바이오센 서 성능 향상을 위한 미래 연구 방향을 고려한다.

Taguchi method is one of the most popular approaches for design optimization such that performance characteristics become robust to uncontrollable noise variables. However, most previous Taguchi method applications have addressed a single-characteristic problem. Problems with multiple characteristics are more common in practice. The multi-criteria decision making(MCDM) problem is to select the optimal one among multiple alternatives by integrating a number of criteria that may conflict with each other. Representative MCDM methods include TOPSIS(Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), GRA(Grey Relational Analysis), PCA(Principal Component Analysis), fuzzy logic system, and so on. Therefore, numerous approaches have been conducted to deal with the multi-characteristic design problem by combining original Taguchi method and MCDM methods. In the MCDM problem, multiple criteria generally have different measurement units, which means that there may be a large difference in the physical value of the criteria and ultimately makes it difficult to integrate the measurements for the criteria. Therefore, the normalization technique is usually utilized to convert different units of criteria into one identical unit. There are four normalization techniques commonly used in MCDM problems, including vector normalization, linear scale transformation( max-min, max, or sum). However, the normalization techniques have several shortcomings and do not adequately incorporate the practical matters. For example, if certain alternative has maximum value of data for certain criterion, this alternative is considered as the solution in original process. However, if the maximum value of data does not satisfy the required degree of fulfillment of designer or customer, the alternative may not be considered as the solution. To solve this problem, this paper employs the desirability function that has been proposed in our previous research. The desirability function uses upper limit and lower limit in normalization process. The threshold points for establishing upper or lower limits let us know what degree of fulfillment of designer or customer is. This paper proposes a new design optimization technique for multi-characteristic design problem by integrating the Taguchi method and our desirability functions. Finally, the proposed technique is able to obtain the optimal solution that is robust to multi-characteristic performances.

Rapid and accurate detection of pathogenic bacteria is crucial for various applications, including public health and food safety. However, existing bacteria detection techniques have several drawbacks as they are inconvenient and require time-consuming procedures and complex machinery. Recently, the precision and versatility of CRISPR/Cas system has been leveraged to design biosensors that offer a more efficient and accurate approach to bacterial detection compared to the existing techniques. Significant research has been focused on developing biosensors based on the CRISPR/Cas system which has shown promise in efficiently detecting pathogenic bacteria or virus. In this review, we present a biosensor based on the CRISPR/Cas system that has been specifically developed to overcome these limitations and detect different pathogenic bacteria effectively including Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella, E. coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes. This biosensor takes advantage of the CRISPR/Cas system's precision and versatility for more efficiently accurately detecting bacteria compared to the previous techniques. The biosensor has potential to enhance public health and ensure food safety as the biosensor’s design can revolutionize method of detecting pathogenic bacteria. It provides a rapid and reliable method for identifying harmful bacteria and it can aid in early intervention and preventive measures, mitigating the risk of bacterial outbreaks and their associated consequences. Further research and development in this area will lead to development of even more advanced biosensors capable of detecting an even broader range of bacterial pathogens, thereby significantly benefiting various industries and helping in safeguard human health

Today, as technology advances and market competition for products intensifies, the product design to improve customer satisfaction by accurately identifying customer needs is emerging as a very important issue for company. Accordingly, the customer-oriented or customer-centered design that maximizes customer satisfaction by grasping and analyzing customer requirements is in the spotlight as an important design theory. In this study, the customer-oriented design is defined as finding the optimal value of design variable with the maximum overall customer satisfaction while minimizing the difference in individual customer satisfaction responded to various customers from multiple product quality characteristics from the perspective of robust design. Therefore, this study presents a new method for modeling the customer preference structure as the different sets of desirability functions for multiple quality characteristics and proposes a new customer-oriented design approach by applying the desirability functions to Taguchi’s robust design process to deal with multi-characteristic design problem. Finally, the proposed method is illustrated with the Kansei engineering design problem of wine glass.

Today, as technology advances and market competition for products intensifies, the design to improve product satisfaction by accurately identifying customer requirements is emerging as a very important problem for company. Accordingly, Customer-Oriented Design, that maximizes customer satisfaction by grasping and analyzing customer requirements, is in the spotlight as an important design theory. In this study, Customer- Oriented Design is defined as finding the optimal value of the design variable with the maximum overall customer satisfaction while minimizing the difference in individual customer satisfaction responded to various customers from multiple product quality characteristics from the perspective of robust design. Therefore, in this work, we present a new method for generating a Desirability Function for each quality characteristic to deal with the multi characteristic parameter design with multiple quality characteristics. And we propose a new Customer-Oriented Design methodology that applies these Desirability Functions to Taguchi’s parameter design process.

해양 생물 유래 독소는 그 치명적인 유독성으로 인해 비단 인류의 건강 뿐만 아니라 양식, 어업, 해양 생태계 전반에 걸쳐 경제적 손실을 비롯한 부정적인 영향을 미친다. 하지만, 종래에 사용되던 해양 독소 검출법만으로는 이를 다 파악하여 위협을 미연에 방지하기에는 아직 부족한 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 해산물의 해양 독소 잔존 여 부를 판별하기 위해 종래에 사용되었던 시험법들의 한계를 개선하고자 각종 나노 재료 및 신규 기술들이 도입된 신속 검출법들에 대해 조사했으며, 대표적인 연구 결과들을 선정하여 사용한 나노 입자 및 전략에 대해 서술하였 다. 특히 이러한 생물 유래 독소의 검출 기술을 대중화시키고 상용화하기 위해서는, 이를 생성하는 생물군으로부터 독소를 추출하는 전처리 과정을 간소화하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 해당 문제를 해결하고자 다양한 연구에서 표적 독소와 특이적으로 결합하는 항체를 고정화한 자성 나노 입자 기반의 전처리법을 보고했으며, 더 나아가 자성 나노 입자의 촉매 특성까지 활용해 검출 감도를 높이는 다양한 연구들도 발표되었다. 또한, 기존 효소 기반의 비색 법의 검출 한계를 낮추고 검출 시스템의 안정성을 높이기 위해 양자점과 같은 형광 나노 입자를 도입하는 보고들도 있었다. 이 외에도 압타머와 나노 입자 복합체 기반의 전기화학 측정법 및 신규 기술들을 사용하고자 하는 연구들 도 보고되었다. 하지만 해양 환경의 변화에 따라 생성된 신종 독소에 대한 대처는 아직 미흡한 실정이므로, 해양 독소 유도체 또한 아울러 진단 가능한 검출 기술에 대한 후속 연구가 필요하다.