In order to improve mass rearing methods of hornfaced bee, Osmia cornifrons, in different field condition, a series of studies were conducted in apple orchard in Geochang province, eco-park in Suwon and botanical park in Yongin. 1,000 individuals and 2,000 individuals of Osmia cornifrons were released apple orchard and eco-park and botanical park respectively. Nesting rate of Osmia conifrons was most effective in case of releasing in botanical park in Yongin with 38.2% and lowest in eco-park in Suwon with 21.7%. And also number of cocoons nested in bamboo tube traps was highest in botanical park in Yongin with 3,494 individuals. Sex ratio in 3 different areas was also most effective with 58:42 in botanical park, 50:50 in apple orchard and lowest with 43:57 in eco-park. Nesting activity was shown starting point in 20th day, peak point in 38th day and ending point in 46th day after releasing of adults. This result shows nesting efficacy in botanical park designed with various species of plant sources pollinating insect, Osmia cornifrons, to increase the multiplication rate in field condition is more effective than other areas. General type of nest shows same tendency in efficacy of nesting rate compared with specific type of nest designed with dark thick cover in apple orchard. But it's result needs some further examination in same condition.

We compared the fruit set and the quality of the ‘Niitaka’ pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) among flowers pollinated by two bee species (Apis mellifera and Bombus terrestris) and pollinated artificial. The artificial pollination rate was 1.3 to 1.9 times higher than the bee pollination rate. Moreover, the artificially pollinated flowers produced fruit that was 5 to 10% higher in weight, 2 to 3% larger in size, and had a higher fruit shape index (L/D) than fruit pollinated by the bees. On economic analysis, net profit from insect pollinator was 93.5 to 97.1% of net profit from artificial pollination. Therefore, artificial pollination is more efficient than bee pollination in ‘Niitaka’ pear. However, regarding fruit quality and net profit, these results suggest that bee pollination can be an good alternative to artificial pollination in ‘Niitaka’ pear.