알락수염노린재(Dolycoris baccarum L.)는 구북구(Palearctic region)에 널리 분포하는 다식성 곤충으로서 국내에서는 콩, 단감, 유자 등 다양한 작물의 해충이다. 이 종은 다른 노린재과(Pentatomidae) 곤충과 마찬가지로 수컷이 집합페로몬 을 방출하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 우리는 수컷의 집합페로몬 성분을 동정하기 위하여, 고상미량추출(SPME) 방법을 이용하여 수컷과 암컷 성충에서 방출되는 휘발성 물질을 포집하여 화학구조를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 수컷 특이적인 휘발물질로서 α-bisabolol, α-bergamotene, β-bisabolene을 동정하였고, 3가지 성분이 100:15:5 비율로 존재함을 밝혔다. 야외에서 알락수염노린재 수컷과 암컷 성충 모두가 주성분인 α-bisabolol을 처리한 트랩에 유인되었다. 나머지 2가지 성분(α-bergamotene과 β-bisabolene)의 경우, 그 자체로는 유인 효과가 없었으나 주성분인 α-bisabolol에 추가되면 보강효과가 발휘되었다. 곤충에서 α-bisabolol이 동정된 것은 이것이 처음이며, 이번에 밝혀진 알락수염노린재 집합페 로몬은 이 해충의 발생예찰과 친환경 방제에 유용할 것이다.

The objectives of this study was to evaluate the degradability and digestibility of crude protein (CP), rumen undegradable protein (RUP), and individual amino acids (AA) on six by-product feedstuffs (BPF) (rice bran, RB; wheat bran, WB; corn gluten feed, CGF; tofu residue, TR; spent mushroom substrate from Pleurotus ostreatus, SMSP; brewers grain, BG) as ruminants feed. Three Hanwoo steers (40 months old, 520 ± 20.20 kg of body weight) fitted with a permanent rumen cannula and T-shaped duodenal cannula were used to examine of the BPF using in situ nylon bag and mobile bag technique. The bran CGF (19.2%) and food-processing residue BG (19.7%) had the highest CP contents than other feeds. The RUP value of bran RB (39.7%) and food-processing residues SMSP (81.1%) were higher than other feeds. The intestinal digestion of CP was higher in bran RB (44.2%) and food-processing residues BG (40.5%) than other feeds. In addition, intestinal digestion of Met was higher in bran RB (55.7%) and food-processing residues BG (44.0%) than other feeds. Overall, these results suggest that RB and BG might be useful as main raw ingredients in feed for ruminants. Our results can be used as baseline data for ruminant ration formulation.

Canine heartworm disease is typically characterized by the presence of heartworms in the pulmonary artery and, to a lesser degree, the right ventricle. Systemic arterial dirofilariasis is an unusual manifestation of heartworm disease of dogs that results from aberrant migration of Dirofilaria immitis into the peripheral arterial circulation. A three-year-old Jindo dog was referred to the Veterinary Medical Center because of hindlimb lameness, paresthesia of hindlimbs, and interdigital ischemic necrosis. Angiography and ultrasonography were performed, resulting in diagnosis of heartworm infestation. In necropsy, entangled heartworms were present throughout the body, including lungs, kidney, small intestinal lumen, and arteries, in addition to the right ventricle and pulmonary artery. Histologically, lung showed adult heart worms in vessels, organized thrombotic vessels, and interstitial pneumonia featuring type II pneumocyte hyperplasia, thickened alveolar wall, and compressed alveolar spaces. Chronic parenchymal lesions, such as focal or diffuse necrosis, fibrosis, and dystrophic calcification were remarkable in liver and kidney. The current case showed a typical canine systemic heartworm disease caused by aberrant migration of Dirofilaria immitis.

COPRISIN is an antibiotic substance extracted from Copris tripartitus. This study is intended to identify various cell biological stimuli that COPRISIN, widely known as an antibacterial substance, has on human cells and to identify its molecule mechanism. A variety of human cell lines were divided into epithelial cells including kidney cells or womb cells, and immunocyte including T cells or macrophages and, after their being cultivated and maintained, cell biological changes of the respective cells according to COPRISIN treatment were compared. As a result, it was confirmed that, different from other experiment cells, COPRISIN specifically caused cell kill in T cells and macrophages. That is, fragmentation of DNA, typical characteristics observed in the process of apoptosis, was confirmed in the nucleus of cells dying owing to COPRISIN treatment. An Apoptosis process is one dependent upon activity of caspase family protein, it was proved that COPRISIN medium cell kill process was one through a caspase-independent route such as AIF. Though it was found out that transcription of TNF-α and extracellular TNF-α secretion increased in blood cells stimulated by COPRISIN, it was also confirmed that TNF-α was a major medium factor in a COPRISIN induced cell kill process from the fact that a cell kill process by COPRISIN was not inhibited at all with TNF-α inhibiting antibody treatment. Above results revealed that COPRISIN, different from other tissue origin cells including kidney cells, can specifically induce apoptosis in immunocyte, which is caused by a caspase-independent cell signal transmission route.

Sorghum is the fifth most important cereal in the world as one of the staple food. For the use of natural dye, we have done some researches about sorghum red pigments extracted from stalk and leaves on its physiochemical properties, extracting methods and applications. The researches involved maximum extraction of sorghum pigment and analysis of its processing condition. Total polyphenol and tannin contents were measured by varieties and different plant parts. The stabilities of pigment by irradiation and heat treatment for processing were measured by colorimeter and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). In addition, hybrid nano-silica composites with sorghum pigment were made by combining with polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate and sodium silicate. Water silica hybrids with sorghum pigment were performed by emulsion treatment. Nano-silica particles were identified and measured their size to be about 200 ~ 400 nm by SEM analysis.

“Jecy Gold” is a new kiwifruit variety developed at the National Institute of Subtropical Agriculture (NISA), RDA in 2003, which was for the utilization as fruit with yellow flesh and high soluble solids. This variety was selected from seeds obtained from the cross breeding between Actinidia chinensis cv. “Golden Yellow” and A. chinensis cv. “Songongu” with yellow flesh in 1997. Seedling and line selections were conducted from 1998 to 1999, and characteristic trials were carried out from 2000 to 2002. After developed, it was also conducted to the test of adaptability in kiwifruit orchards of Jeju island from 2003 to 2006. The branch of “Jecy Gold” sprouts strongly and the color of leaf is slightly dark green. The shape of fruit is obovoid, and the color of peel is yellowish-brown without hair. The average weight of fruit is 128.4 g. The core is middle and soft, the percicarp is golden yellow, and the texture is fragile and juicy. Soluble solids concentration is 14.8 oBrix. The total acid content is 0.69% and the fruit yield is higher about 30% than that of A. deliciosa cv. “Hayward”. The content of vitamin C is higher than that of A. deliciosa cv. “Hayward”. The harvesting time is from late October to early November and the fruit can be preserved about 90 days at 2°C. This variety can be planted bellow 100 m sea level and should be grown under shelter to prevent from disease and cold. This variety will be cultivated about 100 ha by 2011 in the southern part of Korea and has been supplied about 10 ha in 2007.