Recently, climate change has been increasingly reported to be associated with vector-borne diseases including West Nile Virus, avian poxvirus, bluetongue virus. These diseases, which are of medical and veterinary importance, are known to affect the health status of wildlife. In this sense, it is vital to understand the distribution of mosquitoes and biting midges as the disease-vectors in the habitat of wildlife. In order to do this, nocturnal insects were collected using CDC Mini Night Traps (cat. no. 2836BXQ, BioQuip, CA, USA) in the coniferous and deciduous forest near the ponds in National Institute of Ecology (NIE) on the weekdays from June to September. As a result, 920 mosquitoes belonging to 13 species of 7 genus and 5,129 biting midges belonging to 8 species of Culicoides were collected in total. For mosquitoes, Aedes vexans nipponii and Culex orientalis were the predominant species consisting about two thirds of all the mosquitoes. For biting midges, Culicoides arakawae was the prevalent species present and 97.3% of this kind appeared to have preference to feed on birds. The number of mosquitoes collected remained relatively constant as opposed to the number of biting midges which showed the tendency to fluctuate - the second or third week of each month had the highest number of Culicoides spp. Forest ecology had more diverse distribution of species than livestock farms and reflected the abundance of birds in NIE. In addition, further evaluation of the effect of environment, such as climatic factors, on the ecology of these disease vectors would be required.

Biting midges of the genus Culicoides Latreille are important pests of humans and livestock and many species act as vectors of important medical and veterinary pathogens. Culicoides and other biting flies were collected using black light traps set near nine cowsheds, as described by Kim et al., and New Jersey light traps set at 10 US army installations and one military training site from May to October, 2010– 2011 as part of the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency and 65th Medical Brigade (Eighth US Army, Korea) arthropod-borne disease surveillance program. Culicoides spp. were separated and identified to species using the keys and descriptions of Arnaud, Wada and Yu et al. and checklist of Cho and Chong. Kim et al. provided a brief summary of the history of research into the Culicoides fauna of the ROK noting the presence of several species of medical and veterinary importance. There are currently 28 species of Culicoides reported from the ROK and the presence of additional species has been reported by Cho & Chong, Kang & Yu and Lee, suggesting that the fauna has not yet been fully documented. Additionally, recent uses of DNA barcoding, by Bellis et al. have clarified the status of several species of Culicoides elsewhere and if applied more fully to Korean material, will likely reveal more records and perhaps new species. Surveys of adult biting midges from the ROK resulted in the discovery of three species previously not known from the ROK. So a total of 31 species of Culicoides are now known from the ROK. This study reports the presence of C. nasuensis Kitaoka, C. pallidulus Yu and C. jacobsoni Macfie from the ROK and an updated checklist of the Culicoides fauna of the ROK.

수원 지방에 서식하는 바퀴의 종류와 상대밀도를 조사하기 위하여 수원 시내 7개 다른 서식처, 여관, 다방, 중식 음식점, 한식 음식점, 개인 병원, 아파트, 그리고 단독주택을 선정하여 끈끈이 트랩에 의한 바퀴의 채집과 서식처별 상대밀도조사를 1994년 2월부터 11월까지 실시하였다. 설치된 3,039개의 트랩 중 1,435개의 트랩에서 한마리 이상의 바퀴가 채집된 Positive Trap Rate(양성 트랩율)은 47.22%였다. 중식 음식점에서의 양성트랩율은 72.67%이었고, 채집된 바퀴의 수가 전 채집개체의 48.84%로 바퀴오염이 가장 심한 빈도를 나타내었다. 그에 비하여 한식 음식점, 아파트, 단독주택, 다방, 여관, 그리고 병원에서는 보다 조금 낮거나 매우 낮은 60.6%, 58.61%, 52.22%, 38.67%, 24.88% 그리고 17.54%로 각각 나타났다. B. germanica는 전 채집개체 수의 97.36%로 가장 높은 밀도를 나타내었으며, 55.01 개체/트랩/주의 평균 밀도를 보였다. 반면, 다른 종인 P. japonica, P. americana와 P. fuliginosa는 이보다 훨씬 낮은 2.35%, 0.14%, 0.14%를 보였다. 7개의 서로 다른 서식처에서 개체군 밀도를 조사해 본 결과 중식 음식점과 한식 음식점에서 20.56과 8.31개체/트랩/주라는 보다 높은 개체군 밀도가 관찰되었다. 그에 비해 아파트, 다방과 단독주택에서는 5.33, 3.79와 3.53 개체/트랩/주의 중간 범위 밀도가 조사되었고, 비교적 낮은 밀도가 병원(0.18 개체/트랩.주)과 여관(1.00 개체/트랩/주)으로 부터 관찰되었다.