Recently, Hypsizigus marmoreus is noticed as new mushroom item in Korea. However, this mushroom has the long incubation period about 80 days including pre-incubation period. This study was attempted to establish the optimal post-incubation temperature and period of Hypsizigus marmoreus for bottle cultivation. The most effective post-incubation temperature and period were 25℃ and 20days, respectively. The higher yield was obtained under 25℃ for 20 day after 30 days of pre-incubation. Therefore, total cultivation period was shortened from 106 days (control) to 78days. It is useful information to increase rotation time of cultivation for effective management in H. marmoreus.

We aim to elucidate suitable color of light during development of fruit body in Pleurotus eryngii. The four color of LED(Light Emitting Diode), blue LED(475nm), green LED(525nm), yellowed LED(590nm), and red LED(660nm), were irradiated for formation of fruit body after mycelia growth. First, as effect of color of LED at all growth stage, the morphological properties of fruit body in fluorescent lamp and blue LED irradiation were showed thicker and longer pileus than those in other color LED irradiation. The commercial yields in blue and green LED treatment were similar to control(Fluorescent lamp). Second, as effect of color of LED by light irradiation time, we could obtain the highest commercial yields at the green LED continuous radiation, 1/1 and 1/2(lighting/lighting-out, hours). And we could obtain the highest number of available stipes and biological efficiency at the 1/1(lighting/lighting-out, hours). The ergosterol was the highest under the green LED continuous radiation.

We found about cultivation environment conditions of N. lepideus. For the high quality of N. lepideus, lights-out was useful. In the lights-out, the diameter of pileus of N. lepideus was smaller, and the length and the thickness of stipes were longer and larger than in that of lighting. For the efficient cultivation of N. lepideus, temperature of mycelial growth and development of the fruit body were suitable 20～23℃ and 20℃, respectively. In addition, we found higher yield and better quality of N. lepideus at 1,500～2,000ppm of CO2 concentration during the development of fruit body.

‘Gongi-2ho’a new variety of oyster mushroom, fitting for the bag culture, was bred and by mating between monokaryons isolated from GMPO35338 and Jangpug. In the major characteristics of fruit body, the pilei were thick and dark-gray and the stipes were thick and long with softness. It was great in elasticity and cohesivness of tissue as compare to Suhan-1ho. The optimum temperature for the mycelial growth was around 26~29℃ and that for the pinheading and growth of fruitbody was around 14~18℃. In the bag culture, it was required around 20 days in incubation period and 5 days in primordia formation. The fruit body was grew vital and uniform. The yield were shown by 323.3g/1kg bag. This variety has high yielding capacity, cultivation stability and the resistance to the bacterial brown blotch disease.

This study was carried out to determine the optimum dietary supplementation level of oyster mushroom in cherry salmon (Oncorhynchus masou masou). Juvenile cherry salmon averaging 5.0±0.5g (mean ± SD) were fed one of the five experimental diets containing 0, 3.5, 7.0, 10.5 and 14.0% oyster mushroom (D0, D3.5, D7.0, D10.5 and D14.0) for 12weeks. Increasing of dietary beta-glucan content were observed at a high dietary oyster mushroom powder. After the feeding trial, average weight gain (WG) of fish fed D0, D3.5 and D7.0 diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed D10.5 and D14.0 diets (P < 0.05), however there were no significant differences in WG among fish fed D0, D3.5 and D7.0 diets (P > 0.05). Average feed efficiency (FE) of fish fed D0, D3.5 and D7.0 diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed D10.5 and D14.0 diets (P < 0.05), however there were no significant differences in FE among fish fed D0, D3.5 and D7.0 diets (P > 0.05). Average hepatosomatic index (HSI) of fish fed D0, D3.5, D7.0 and D10.5 diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed D14.0 diets (P < 0.05), however there were no significant differences in HSI among fish fed D0, D3.5, D7.0 and D10.5 diets (P > 0.05). Therefore, these results indicated that the optimum dietary supplementation level could be greater than 3.5%, but less than 7.0% in juvenile cherry salmon under our experimental conditions. And additional research on the immune response will be necessary to carry out.

‘Gongi-1ho’ a new variety of oyster mushroom, fitting for the bottle culture, was bred and by mating between monokaryons isolated from Kimjae-7ho and Samgu01. In the major characteristics of fruit body, the pilei were thick and dark-gray and the stipes were thick and long with softness. It was great in elasticity and cohesivness of tissue as compare to chunchu-2ho. The optimum temperature for the mycelial growth was around 26~29℃ and that for the pinheading and growth of fruitbody was around 14~18℃. In the bottle culture, it was required around 33 days in incubation period and 5 days in primordia formation. The fruit body was grew vital and uniform. The yield were shown by 140.6g/850cc bottle.

This study was carried out to elucidate suitable substrate making of Lentinus lepideus for an artificial cultivation. We could obtain the highest yield of fruit body and shortest period of cultivation in the case of pine sawdust and deffated corn flour mixing substrate. And suitable mixing ratio of main substrate and additives was selected 90:10(v/v). Consequently, it is necessary to elucidate suitable environmental conditions in fruit body step for the good quality and stable production of this mushroom.

This study was carried out to set up ventilation coefficient for high quality fruit body. We made the ventilation apparatus for ventilation characteristics of oyster mushroom. The pattern of growth of oyster mushroom for 4 stage, 1stage of the period of primordial induction and 3 stage of the period of fruit body formation, was investigated. That was favorable configuration of the fruit body at the carbon dioxide concentration under 1,500ppm. The higher was ventilation coefficient, the more carbon dioxide injury generated, and the ventilation coefficient of the late growth was low. In the case of Chunchu 2-ho, those quality were high when ventilation coefficient as the lapse of growth stage set up 8, 6, 4, 4, and Suhan 2-ho was 6, 6, 4, 2. Base on these results, if the optimum ventilation coefficient set up, the cultivator will cultivate good production.

In this study we attempted to analyze the change of protein and mycelial activity during low temperature storage progressed. At first, esterase and peroxidase isozymes were detected at third and fourth subculture in Pleurotus ostreatus and peroxidase isozymes in Pleurotus eryngii were detected at first and second subculture but esterase isozymes showed almost same band patterns subculture advanced. The decolorization ratio of media color including indicator were decreased according to subculture advanced in P. ostreatus and P. eryngii. However there were not significantly difference of mycelial growth, fruit body yield, esterase isozyme band pattern and laccase activity of P. eryngii according to storage periods at low temperature. Therefore, it was possible to store sawdust spawn of P. eryngii at 4℃ for 120days.

'Sunjung', a new variety of oyster mushroom was bred in Mushroom ResearchInstitute, Gyeonggido Agricultural Research & Extension Services in 2006. This oyster mushroom was bred and cultivated one after mating with monokaryon collected from KME20064 and KME20066. The optimum temperature for the mycelial growth was about 26∼28 and that for the primordia and growth of fruitbody was about 18∼23℃. Compared to the control which took 25 days of incubation period, Sunjung required 21∼ 22days. It grew primordia after developed a lump of mycelium. In the characteristics of fruit body, pileus was infundibuliform of yellow-color and stripe was slender/long shape of white color. The yield was 112.9g/850cc bottle and 275.5g/2kg P.P bag.

This study was carried out to obtain basic data on physiological characteristics for an artificial cultivation of Grifola frondosa. Ten strains of G. frondosa were collected from Korea, China and Japan and those were isolated and tested. PDA medium was selected for the favorable culture medium. The optimal conditions for the mycelial growth of G. frondosa were 25℃ and pH 4∼5 respectively. The carbon and nitrogen sources for the optimum mycelial growth were fructose and peptone, respectively. Highest mycelial growth was observed when the C/N ratio was 10∼20. Significant differences among lines were found for production yield and crop cycle time. KME44009 had a short spawn run time, high yield, good color and quality compare with other strains. To find out the suitable medium composition of G. frondosa, physicochemical conditions were investigated. The T2 formulation (55:25:8:12 mixing ratio of oak sawdust, oak chip, wheat bran and soybean cake) showed the shortest time to complete the crop cycle and the highest yields(weight of fresh mushrooms harvested at maturity). Among the physicochemical factors, pH, crude oil and total nitrogen may affect mushroom yield. Therefore, development of suitable medium would benefit from increased production efficiency of G. frondosa mushrooms and be commercial potential.

In this study we attempted to analyze the change of protein and mycelial activity during low temperature storage progressed. At first, esterase and peroxidase isozymes were detected at third and fourth subculture in Pleurotus ostreatus and peroxidase isozymes in Pleurotus eryngii were detected at first and second subculture but esterase isozymes showed almost same band patterns subculture advanced. The decolorization ratio of media color including indicator were decreased according to subculture advanced in P. ostreatus and P. eryngii. However there were not significantly difference of mycelial growth, fruit body yield, esterase isozyme band pattern and laccase activity of P. eryngii according to storage periods at low temperature. Therefore, it was possible to store sawdust spawn of P. eryngii at 4℃ for 120days.

This study was carried out to set up ventilation coefficient for high quality fruit body. We made the ventilation apparatus for ventilation characteristics of oyster mushroom. The pattern of growth of oyster mushroom for 4 stage, 1stage of the period of primordial induction and 3 stage of the period of fruit body formation, was investigated. That was favorable configuration of the fruit body at the carbon dioxide concentration under 1,500ppm. The higher was ventilation coefficient, the more carbon dioxide injury generated, and the ventilation coefficient of the late growth was low. In the case of Chunchu 2-ho, those quality were high when ventilation coefficient as the lapse of growth stage set up 8, 6, 4, 4, and Suhan 2-ho was 6, 6, 4, 2. Base on these results, if the optimum ventilation coefficient set up, the cultivator will cultivate good production.

This study was carried out to obtain basic data on physiological characteristics for an artificial cultivation of Grifola frondosa. Ten strains of G. frondosa were collected from Korea, China and Japan and those were isolated and tested. PDA medium was selected for the favorable culture medium. The optimal conditions for the mycelial growth of G. frondosa were 25℃ and pH 4～5 respectively. The carbon and nitrogen sources for the optimum mycelial growth were fructose and peptone, respectively. Highest mycelial growth was observed when the C/N ratio was 10～20. Significant differences among lines were found for production yield and crop cycle time. KME44009 had a short spawn run time, high yield, good color and quality compare with other strains. To find out the suitable medium composition of G. frondosa, physicochemical conditions were investigated. The T2 formulation(55:25:8:12 mixing ratio of oak sawdust, oak chip, wheat bran and soybean cake) showed the shortest time to complete the crop cycle and the highest yields(weight of fresh mushrooms harvested at maturity). Among the physicochemical factors, pH, crude oil and total nitrogen may affect mushroom yield. Therefore, development of suitable medium would benefit from increased production efficiency of G. frondosa mushrooms and be commercial potential.