An improvement activity is necessary for the existence strategy of the corporate. We search effective activities by the integration, implemention of the Quality Control Circlle and the Suggestion Activity System on the various improvement activity. Therefore, Each of the concept and step are surveyed. We output the commonness and the difference, and propose "The Suggestion Circle Activity" that is the new integration, improvement activity. activity.

계량어군탐지기를 이용하여 저서어를 대상으로 에코적분을 행하는 경우, 적분범위의 하한을 결정하기 위해 설정하는 해저기준이나 해저오프셋은, 저서어 자원량추정의 중요한 요인 중의 하나이다. 해저부근의 어군에코의 해석으로부터 해저기준의 결정방법과 최적 오프셋에 관하여 고찰한 결과, 다음과 같은 결과를 보였다. 1) 적분층의 폭을 5m로 하여, 적분범위를 1샘플링씩 해저방향으로 이동하면서, 해저부근의 S§uba5m/의 변화를 본 결과, 해저부근의 어군에코를 적분하기 위해서는, 적분범위의 하한을 가능한 해저까지 접근시켜야 한다. 2) 에코레벨의 역치로서 해저검출을 행한 경우, 역치가 클수록 해저 검출 불능횟수가 증가하고, 작을수록 해저 오검출 횟수가 늘어 났다. 3) 에코레벨의 최대변화점을 해저기준으로 한 해저검출법은, 그 정도가 매우 높았으며, 나아가 에코레벨의 변동에 대해 아주 안정한 해저기준 알고리 즘으로 적합하였다. 4) 이 해저검출 알고리즘에 의하면, 최적해저오프셋은 해저 기준으로부터 0.4ms이내였고, 이것은 펄스파형과 해저지형에 대한 음향빔에 의존한다.

불연속 갤러킨 정식화에 기초를 둔 시간적분법에 대하여 시간을 변수로 한 유한요소적 접근법을 시도하였다. 단일 형상함수와 두 형상함수 정식화에 대해 각각 선형, 이차 형상함수를 적용하여 모두 네 종류의 시간적분법을 유도하였으며, 각 방법에 대하여 시간시텝의 증가에 따른 변위와 속도의 관계를 나타내는 증폭행렬을 계산하였다. 유도된 방법들의 성능을 평가하기 위하여 부하가 갑자기 변화는 진동 문제를 해석하고 변위의 오차를 비교하였다. 네 가지의 방법에 대하여 국부 오차 추정치를 개발하였으며, 오차 추정치의 정확도를 수치예를 이용하여 평가하였다. 단일 형상함수 정식화에서 이차 형상함수를 이용한 오차 추정치가 실제 국부오차를 잘 나타내었으며 유도된 오차 추정치는 시간간격제어 기법에서 시간간격의 크기를 결정하는 척도로 이용 가능하다.

대형 시스템의 건전성 평가를 위한 동적 재하시험에 있어서 변위를 측정하는 것보다 가속도를 측정하는 것이 수월하나 대부분의 공학적 기준은 응력과 비례관계를 지니는 변화를 기준으로 하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 시스템의 재하시험시 측정된 가속도신호를 이용하여 변위응답을 산정하는데 그 목적을 두고 적분을 위한 신호처리시 발생되는 문제점을 정상상태 및 천이영역에 대하여 규명하였다. 기존의 연구에서 고려하지 못하였던 초기조건의 항을 도입함으로써 시간영역의 적분과 주파수영역의 적분결과가 일치함을 해석적으로 입증하였으며 이동하중을 받는 보의 동적거동에 대하여 제시된 타당성을 검증하였다.

변위응답은 교량구조의 진동특성을 결정하는데 중요한 인자 중의 하나이다. 계측된 가속도 데이타를 진동수 영역에서 적분하여 변위응답을 경제적이고 합리적으로 구할 수 있다. 이를 위해 계측된 가속도 데이타를 이산화하기 위해 적절한 표본추출 진동수가 제시되었다. 캔틸레버 보를 이용한 실내시험에서 직접 계측된 변위와 적분된 변위는 서로 잘 일치하였다. 평가된 변위응답으로부터 구한 모우드 형상도 해석치와 근접하므로 개발된 방법은 실제로 효율적으로 사용될 수 있음을 입증하였다.

본 연구는 한국 시장에 진출해 있는 외국계 제조업체들의 한국 시장내 유통경로 전략의 실체를 파악해 보고, 기존의 이론들이 한국내 외국계 기업들에도 적용될 수 있는지 알아보기 위한 시도로 이루어졌다. 이를 위해 현상 기술적인 입장에서 그들의 유통정책과 관련된 몇가지 변수들을 조사분석해 보았으며, 유통경로의 통합에 영향을 미치는 변수들을 중심으로 가설을 설정한 후 이를 검정하였다. 분석 결과, 외국계 제조업체들의 유통경로 정책에는 본국요인보다는 현지국 요인이 더 크게 작용하는 것으로 보이는 측면들이 많이 발견되었다. 한편 통합경로 선정에 영향을 미치는 변수들을 알아보기 위한 로짓분석 결과, 거래비용 접근법에 의해 설정된 거래특유 자산 (transaction-specific assets) 변수가 통합경로의 선택에 正의 영향을 미친다는 것이 다시 한번 발견되었다. 또한, 본 연구에서 탐험적으로 시도해 보았던 기능적 접근법의 적용 결과, 외부 유통업자들이 유통기능을 수행하는 능력이 높다고 인식될수록 통합경로보다는 독립적 유통업자를 선택할 가능성이 높아진다는 가설이 부분적으로 지지되었다.

According to the analysis of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society, saturation of nuclear power plant temporary storage is expected sequentially from 2031, and accordingly, the need for highlevel radioactive waste disposal facilities has emerged. In order to establish a repository for high-level radioactive waste, the performance and safety analysis of the repository must be conducted in compliance with regulatory requirements. For safety analysis, it needs a collection of arguments and evidence. and IAEA defined it as ‘Safety case’. The Systematic method, which derives scenarios by systematizing and combining possible phenomena around the repository, is widely used for developing Safety case. Systematic methods make use of the concept of Features, Events and Processes (FEP). FEP identifies features that affect repository performance, events that can affect a short period of time, and processes that can have an impact over a long period of time. Many countries, such as Finland, Sweden, Japan, United States, etc., are in process of licensing disposal facilities by using ‘Safety case’. And they then develop their own project-specified FEP lists and employ them for performing safety assessments. However, the systematic procedure for generating scenarios for safety evaluation is not clearly defined. According to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Safety Standards Series (SSG- 23), the bottom-up method is an approach for conducting safety analysis using Features, Events, and Processes (FEPs). However, the process of how each FEP is utilized to establish a scenario for safety evaluation remains unclear. Additionally, there exists not only a bottom-up approach for generating scenarios using FEPs, but also a hybrid scenario development method that incorporates a top-down approach based on safety functions. Each country address scenario derivation in accordance with the adopted hybrid method. Nevertheless, a challenge arises in its application due to discrepancies between their approach and the hybrid approach specific which we are going on. Hence, this study introduces the FEP integration methodology for generating scenarios based on the hybrid scenario development method using the FEP list.

Korea has signed nuclear cooperation agreements (NCA) with 29 countries. Nuclear materials, materials, equipment, and technology transferred under the agreements are “internationally controlled materials (ICM)” under the Nuclear Safety Act. The main obligations imposed on those items include ensuring peaceful use, safeguards, physical protection, annual inventory reporting, and retransfer with supplier prior consent. The Nuclear Export and Import Control System (NEPS) handles the export control procedures for transferring ICM. After import, inventory management for ICM in Korea would be transitioning to an item-based system through the Obligation Tracking System for internationally controlled item (OTS) currently under development. A one-stop import and export control system for ICM can be established when information is well-linked between these two systems. This paper aims to derive a methodology for integrating NEPS and OTS. NEPS-OTS coupling begins at the receipt confirmation and shipment notification stages in NEPS. When importing ICM under NCA, the inventory change (code RF: receipt foreign) is entered in OTS by getting the information that has completed the receipt confirmation in NEPS. Conversely, during export, the information that has completed the shipment notification procedure in NEPS is linked to the OTS so that the entire cycle from import to re-export of the ICM can be concluded. Inventory verification for retransfer, checking that the book inventory remains positive value, is impossible under the current system. This issue can be resolved by enabling inventory information in OTS to be displayed in NEPS. Determining when and how to generate the obligation code for imported ICM is essential for NEPS-OTS coupling. Manual input may be necessary for some cases with multiple obligations. Nevertheless, it is more efficient from a system communication protocol to automatically generate and impose a single obligation based on the supplier country information in NEPS. Moreover, it is important to automatically link crucial information available in NEPS to reduce the administrative burden on OTS users and discrepancies between systems. Most required OTS data, such as country obligation, item categories, quantity, physical or chemical form, and receipt date, can be directly linked from NEPS. However, NEPS improvement is needed for digitizing the receiver information and facility data, like the material balance area. The NEPS-OTS integration involves sharing data as a system and encompasses the connection between export control and inventory management. Future work to link some information in NEPS -OTS with the KSIS could be suggested to enhance efficiency and effectiveness in managing ICM.

RCEP (《역내포괄적경제동반협정》)는 지역 경제 협력 체제를 강화하고 회원국의 법률 규칙의 융합을 추진하며 아세안 개발도상국을 중심으로 하는 무역 규칙 체계를 구축하고 아시아 태평양 지역의 정치 경제 이익 균형을 재구성하며 지역의 새로운 경제 구조의 형성을 가속화하는 데 중요한 추진 역할을 발휘할 것다. 역세계화와 무역보호주의가 고개를 들면서 대국들 게임이 경제 무역 협력에 대한 충격이 끊임없이 상승하고 각국이 무역 규칙과 표준 주도권에 대한 쟁탈이 심해지면서 아시아태평양 경제 일체화는 여러 가지 요소의 방해에 직면하게 되었다. 회원국은 협정의 발효와 실시를 가속화하고 점차적으로 더 많은 발전에 회원국의 참여를 흡수하며 무역 규칙의 업그레이드를 추진하여 아시아태평양 경제 일체화 발전을 추진해야 한다.

Damage to the natural environment is becoming increasingly complex in modern society, expanding to impact not only the environment but also society and the economy. Various systems and policies based on sustainability have been promoted internationally. Legal systems and policies based on evaluation systems such as land environment assessment and urban ecological status maps, have been implemented in Korea. However, most of Korea institutions and policies related to the natural environment have been directed toward the conservation of the natural environment, and restricted to in simple theoretical frameworks with various limitations. Therefore, this study analyzed the definition and value of the natural environment for a fundamental conceptual approach to the valuation of the natural environment. Based on this, we modeled the policy process for a flexible evaluation system suitable for the actual situation of Korea natural environment through a review of the integration of environmental policy proposed in Europe.

This study aims to examine the causality between production input and the price of rice in East Java, Indonesia. This study applied a quantitative method to understand in a comprehensive way the correlation between variables. The data used for this study were collected from several sources, including East Java Agriculture Office, Siskaperbapo.com, and Statistics Indonesia (BPS) of East Java. This research was carried out over five years, starting from 2014 to 2018. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) by employing E-Views (version 7). The findings of this study indicated that, in the long run, the population, rice production, and changes in people’s income have a positive effect on price stability, but are inversely proportional if seen in the short term. In comparison, in the long run, farmer exchange rates variable has a negative impact on price stability, and inversely proportional in the short term, which has a positive effect. There are different implications when the people’s income increases and the rice price declines; these have great potential to alleviate poverty in East Java, Indonesia. This is due to the fact that the price stability also concerns the welfare of the community.

This research paper examines the causal relationship between India’s economic growth and sectoral contribution to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and vice versa, in the short-run and long-run, over a 10 years time period. Johansen’s method of cointegration is used to study the cointegration between the sectoral contributions to Indian GDP vis-à-vis India’s economic growth. Further, the route of interconnection between economic growth and sectoral contribution is tested by using Vector Auto Regression (VAR) model. Special attention was given for investigating impulse responses of economic growth depending on the innovations in sectoral contribution using time-series data from 1960 to 2015. This paper highlighted a dynamic co-relationship among industrial sector contribution and agricultural sector contribution and economic development. In the long run, one percent change in industrial sector contribution causes an increase of 3.42 percent in the economic growth and an increase of 1.12 percent in the primary sector contribution, while in the short run industrial and service sector contributions showed significant impact on economic development and agriculture sector. The changing composition of sector contribution is going to be an important activity for the policymakers to monitor and control where the technology and integration of sectors play a significant role in economic development.

This paper investigates the influence of the economic integration exemplified by the Eurasian Economic Union on the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the Kazakhstan corporate sector. Using data collected from 204 small-, medium-, and large-sized Kazakh companies, the researchers analyzed the collected data with percentile. Findings of this study show that small- and medium-sized enterprises, especially in the tertiary sector of the Kazakh economy, are not that much affected by regional integration, whereas large firms have been significantly impacted. The originality of the paper is threefold. First, the research explores the entrepreneurial ecosystems in its focus on geographic location or digital technologies that came across mainly from the ICT space. This is becoming pervasive across mechanical systems, communications, infrastructure, and the built-up environment. Second, the originality of the paper lies in focusing on the entrepreneurial ecosystems’ influence on the business processes by clearly understanding the regional, national, and international trends in different markets. Third, the paper is first of its kind to contribute an updated perspective on the entrepreneurial ecosystem’s influence on economic integration to the policymakers of Kazakhstan. Policymakers will gain expertise on how to manage network effects while planning investment projects, as well as transactions, modes, and fixed nodes, acquisition, and greenfield investments.