지금까지 증발산량을 산정하기 위한 여러 가지 방법이 개발되어 왔다. 그러나 지표면에서 발생되는 증발산량을 지배하는 복잡한 지형 특성 및 토지 이용 등을 고려하여 정확한 증발산량을 산정한다는 것은 불가능에 가까운 일이다. 원격탐사 기법은 식생과 토지이용과 같은 지형조건과 관련된 증발산량을 산정하기 위한 하나의 수단으로 효과적으로 이용될 수 있다. 증발산량은 기상특성 뿐만 아니라 식생 조건에 의해 지배된다고 볼 수 있다. 그 중 식생조건은 NOAA/AVHR

Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the 60~% isopropanol extract of soybean(Glycine max [L.] Merr.) seed revealed two abundant proteins with molecular masses of 19 and 10 kDa. Amino acid analysis revealed that the isopropanol-extractable protein fraction was rich in cysteine. Two-dimensional gel electro-phoretic analysis indicated that the 19kDa and 10kDa proteins had pI of 4.2 and 4.0 respectively. Peptide mass fingerprints of trypsin digests of the two proteins obtained using matrix-assisted, laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectroscopy revealed the 19kDa protein was Kunitz trypsin inhibitor and the 10kDa protein was Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitor. When resolved under non-denaturing conditions, the isopropanol-extracted proteins inhibited trypsin and chymotrypsin activity. Results presented in this study demonstrate that isopropanol extraction of soybean seed could be used as a simple and rapid method to obtain a protein fraction enriched in Kunitz trypsin and Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitors. Since proteinase inhibitors are rich in sulfur amino acids and are putative anticarcinogens, this rapid and inexpensive isolation procedure could facilitate efforts in nutrition and cancer research.

Diversity and relatedness of 64 rice accessions were evaluated using 85 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers. These64 accessions represent a set of international and Korean blast diferential cultivars, a set of blast monogenic lines, donors of blastresi

Molecular markers are useful tools for evaluating genetic diversity and determining cultivar identity. Present study was conducted to evaluate the genetic diversity within a diverse collection of rice accessions used for Korean breeding programs. Two hundred eighty-seven rice cultivars, composed of temperate japonica, tropical japonica, indica, and Tongil-type of Korean crossing parents were evaluated by means of 15 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 99 alleles were detected, and the number of alleles per marker ranged from 4 to 11, with an average of 6.6 per locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) for each of the SSR markers ranged from 0.2924 to 0.8102 with an average of 0.5785. These results, with the result that use of only 15 SSR markers made all rice cultivars examined could be uniquely distinguished, imply the efficiency of SSR markers for analysis of genetic diversity in rice. Cluster analysis was performed on similar coefficient matrics calculated from SSR markers to generate a dendogram in which two major groups corresponding to japonica (Group I) and indica and Tongil type rice (group II) with additional subclasses within both major groups. The narrowness of the Korean breeding germplasm was revealed by the fact that most of the Korean-bred and Japan-bred temperate japonica cultivars were concentrated into only 2 of the sub-group I-1 (143 cultivars) and I-2 (58 cultivars) among six sub-groups in major group of japonica. This is because of the japonica accessions used in this study was a very closely related ones because of frequent sharing of the crossing parents with similar genetic background with synergy effect of the inherited genetic difference between indica and japonica. A rice breeding strategy with the use of molecular markers was discussed for overcoming of genetic vulnerability owing to this genetic narrowness.

Odor sources of a chemical plant in Ulsan were surveyed and temperatures, humidities and flow rates of each exhaust gas were measured. The air samples collected from each source were transferred to the laboratory for sensory test and their odor concentrations were investigated. The odor emission rate of each source was estimated from the recorded results and assigned the sources expected to be needed for the odor prevention policy using the simple prediction equation of the affection by malodor to the nearest residential area. From the total odor emission rate of the examined plant and the relation table for expectable affection area, it was concluded that total odor emission of this plant might be decreased for the prevention of residential complaint.

Polyphenol 화합물이 다량 함유된 식물종의 유연관계 분석이나 형질전환 유전자 확인 등을 위해 PCR을 이용할 경우 다량의 재료로부터 신속 간편하게 분리한 DNA를 이용할 수 있는 조건을 설정 하였다. 폴리페놀 함량이 높은 포도, 사과, 복분자와 같은 과수류에서 간편법에 의해 추출된 DNA를 이용한 PCR 반응액에 2%의 BLOTTO를 첨가함으로서 DNA의 재현적 증폭이 가능하였다. 간편 추출 DNA를 이용한 PCR에서 의 BLOTTO효과는 primer, 품종, 식물종에 관계없이 일반적으로 발현되었다. 상추의 형질전환 유전자 검색을 위한 PCR에서 도 BLOTTO 효과가 확인되었다. 따라서 PCR 반응액에 2% BLOTTO를 첨가하면 간편 법 에 의해 추출된 polyphenol 화합물 고함유 식물종의 DNA를 이용하여서도 PCR에 의한 유전배경 및 특정 유전자의 대량 신속 분석이 가능할 것이다.

Water deficit is a serious constraint to soybean [Glycine max L. (Merr.)] production in rainfed regions of Asia, Africa, and America. This study was conducted to develop a simple and effective screening method for drought tolerance in soybean. Fifteen soybean cultivars, eight identified to be drought-tolerant and seven drought-sensitive in previous studies, were used for the evaluation of drought tolerance under the new screening conditions. The seedling screening method was consisted of a treatment in a PEG solution and drought treatment in parafilm-layered pots. 5-day-old seedlings were treated in a 18% PEG solution for 4 days and their wilting and hypocotyl browning were recorded. Three seedlings grown in a parafilm-layered pot containing peat moss were drought-stressed by withholding water from the third day after seedling emergence, and root and seedling growth were examined. Degree of drought tolerance were rated based on seedling vigor in the PEG solution and drought-stressed parafilm-layered pots, and also on the penetration ability of roots through parafilm layer. Most of seedlings of the drought-tolerant cultivars showed higher vigour and root penetration than those of the drought-sensitive cultivars under the new screening conditions. Our results indicate that the new method can be used as a simple and effective screening procedure for drought tolerance in soybean breeding programs.

For the stable production of high quality tea, the freezing resistance is a very important character. Most of the farmers have planted out-pollinated seeds that are not genetically pure. So, with small sample, a quick and simple method is required to test freezing resistance of lots of germ-plasm and early generation of hybrids. The absorbances(A530 nm) of TTC reduction solution at -5~circC were positively correlated with resistance to photoinhibition of PSII in 6 hour photoinhibitory treatments, being significantly fitted by simple linear regression (R2 =0.64** ). Chlorophyll fluorescence measured by Fv/Fm was found to be very useful in evaluating the relative levels of freezing resistance in tea.

본 연구에서는 마코프 연쇄에 근거하여 지점간 공간상관을 적절히 고려할 수 있는 일강우의 다지점 모의 발생 방법을 제안하였다. 유역 내 여러 지점 대표지점을 선정하여 강우의 발생의 간단한 1차 마코프 연쇄에 의해 모의되도록 하였고 강우강도는 과거자료에서 무작위하게 추출하는 방법을 적용하였다. 지점간 공간상관은 모든 지점에 대해 강우강도가 대표지점과 같은 시점의 것이 일관되게 선택되도록 함으로서 그대로 유지시킬수 있었다. 모의된 일강우자료는 평균, 분산이나

제초제 bialaphos에 저항성인 phosphinothricin ace-tytransferase gene이 도입된 형질전환 감자 식물체에서 유전자의 간편한 확인방법을 확립하였다. 먼저 형질전환체와 대조식물체의 잎 disc를 취해 bialaphos 5mg/l를 처리한 액체배지에 치상하였을 때 배양 25일이면 대조식물체의 잎 disc는 완전히 고사되어 형질전환체와 구별이 가능하였다. 감자의 뿌리 생육 비교실험에서는 bialaphos 0.5mg/l의 농도에 agar를 0.6% 첨가한 선발배지에서 식물체의 정단부위를 치상하여 비교하였을 때 7-10일이면 뿌리의 생육차이를 이용하여 간편하게 형질전환여부를 판정할 수 있었다. 또한 감자의 잎 disc를 제초제 bialaphos 0.5mg/l를 처리한 액체배지에 치상하여 15일이 경과한 후 chlorophyll A의 함량을 측정하였을때 형질전환체는 대조식물체보다 2.5배 정도 많은 chlorophyll A를 가지고 있어 형질전환체의 조기 판별시 chlorophyll A함량에 의해 검증이 가능하였다. 한편, 이렇게 형질전환 여부가 확인된 감자 식물체를 이용하여 PAT효소의 활성을 측정한 결과 대조 식물체에서는 PAT효소의 활성을 보이지 않았으나 형질전환 식물체에서는 모두 효소의 활성이 높았다.

기존의 침투류 산정식들이 가지고 있는 근본적인 문제점에 대하여 고찰하고, 문제점을 개선하기 위한 방안으로 침투류에 대한 지수형 마찰계수 산정식을 개발하였다. 지수형 마찰계수 산정식의 개발은 여러 가지 무차원수를 이용하여 양해적으로 산정치를 구하는 것을 가능하게 하였다. 지수형 마찰계수 산정식의 개발을 위하여 기존연구자들의 실험자료를 재분석하였으며 개발된 산정식으로 침투류 간편설계가 가능하도록 유도하였다. 주어진 조건에 따라 설계유형을 수리경사, 유속 또