자운영답 입모부족시 생초량 증진방법을 구명하고자 실시한 시험결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 3월초에 Sethoxydim 유제로 둑새풀을 일찍 방제시 방제가가 84%로 높았으나 처리시기가 늦을 수록 방제효과는 낮았다. 2. 둑새풀 방제후(처리 76일 후) 자운영 입모수는 처리전과 비슷하였고 가을철 재입모수도 처리전에 비해 2.2~2.6 배가 증가 하였으나 무처리는 둑새풀과 경합에 의해 자운영 입모수가 감소하였다. 3. 둑새풀 방제후 자운영 건물중은 자운영 피복도가 20%일때 63%, 50% 피복도일 때 164%가 증가하였고 질소함량으로는 12.3 kg, 16.4 kg/10a으로 표준질소시비량 9 kg/10a 보다 높았다. 4. 둑새풀 방제에 따른 쌀 수량은 기계이앙 및 부분경운 이앙 모두 무방제와 비슷하였다.

자운영 안전입모수 확보를 위한 벼 낙수시기를 기준 자운영 파종적기를 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 벼 낙수 전 5일~ 낙수 후 5일 사이에 파종시 자운영 종자가 발아를 할 수 있는 충분한 토양수분이 있어 월동후 평균 입모수 및 월동율은 각각 530~670 개/m2 , 79.1~82.8% 로 높아 낙수 10일 이후 파종 보다 입모수 확보에 유리하였다. 2. 월동후 전생육기간 파종시기별 자운영 건물중도 낙수 전 5일~ 낙수후 5일에서 573~746kg /10a으로 높아 17.0~20.5kg /10a 질소를 생산할 수 있었다. 3. 자운영 종자를 너무 늦은 10월초나 낙수 10일이후에 뿌리면 자운영 종자가 출아를 하는데 온도가 낮고 수분이 부족하여 생육부진으로 월동율이 낮아 자운영 입모수가 부족하였다. 4. 낙수 10일전에 너무 일찍 파종해도 출아를 한 자운영이 습해를 받아 입모가 불량하였다. 5. 종자수량도 낙수 전 5일~ 낙수후 5일에 파종시 24.2~30.8kg /10a으로 높았으나 낙수후 10일 이후 파종은 종자 생산량도 19.4 kg/10a으로 낮았다. 따라서 자운영 안전 입모수 확보, 월동율, 건물생산성을 고려한 자운영 파종적기는 낙수전 5일(9월 20일)~ 낙수후 5일(9월 30일)이었다.

Experiments were conducted with aims to (1) estimate the biomass yield potential, (2) characterize the biomass and digestible dry matter production, and (3) reveal the characteristic seedling establishment of a whole crop rice variety, Nogyangbyeo, in dry- and wet-seeded rice. Maximum aboveground total biomass of Nogyangbyeo was 18 t ha-1 in dry-seeded rice and 20 t ha-1 in wet-seeded rice. Biomass yield potential of Nogyangbyeo was lower than that of Dasanbyeo. Comparatively, Nogyangbyeo was straw-dependent and Dasanbyeo was grain-dependent for biomass accumulation. Percentage of digestible dry matter (DDM) was higher in panicles than straw. Digestible dry matter yield was determined mainly by biomass yield rather than DDM percentage. Number of seedling establishment in Nogyangbyeo was 73m-2 in dry-seeded rice and 109m-2 in wet-seeded rice. Poor seedling establishment of dry-seeded Nogyangbyeo in the field condition was the result of low seed germination under low temperature and poor seedling emergence by deep sowing. Low seedling emergence rate of Nogyangbyeo was attributed mainly to slow elongation growth by slow leaf development and partly to mesocotyl and 1st internode lengths, not to genetically defined leaf length. The slow elongation growth of Nogyangbyeo was the same even in the high daily mean temperature of 24~circC . Results suggest DDM yield in rice can be improved simply by increasing biomass and whole crop rice varieties should be adaptable to direct-seeding.

The study of this experiment is focused on labor saving of healthy rice seedling production using PSF (polypropylene spunbonded fabrics) as thermal protection material. Several factors such as different compositions of nursery soil and PSF materials were tested to produce healthy rice seedlings. The inner thermal protection material in PE film (polyethylene film) showed 0.9-1.7~circC higher than that of PSF 40-100 ~textrmgm-2 . The light transmittance-ratio also showed similar trends. It is considered that the appropriate PSF material density was 40 gm~textrmgm-2 in accordance with economic values and healthy rice seedlings. Plant height and dry weight according to various nursery soil showed the rang-es of 8.5-14.2cm and 5.5-10.0mg, respectively. In composition of nursery soil, artificial soil combined with paddy soil was effective in producing healthy seedling for rice seedling production. The total sugar content also showed the difference between PSF 40, 60 ~textrmgm-2 PE film (0.43-0.52mg FW ~textrmg-1 ) and PSF 80, 100 ~textrmgm-2 (0.28-0.35mg FW ~textrmg-1 ) and it showed the same tendency among varieties as well as various nursery soil. These results demonstrate that PSF 40 ~textrmgm-2 economically affordable, and can be recommended as thermal protection material for producing good healthy rice seedling.

The objectives of this study were to find the sprouting condition and to establish the optimum production methods of plug seedlings in yacon (Polymnia sonchifolia Poepp. & Endl.). The sprouting ratio was greatest at 30~pm 1~circC at 20 days after planting. Crowns with single buds were more effective than those with two or more buds for sprouting, which might be due to the apical dominance. Planting the shoots separated from crown after sprouting in the single- and double-layer polyethylene-covered greenhouses reduced seedling period with 25% and 50%, respectively. Planting the shoots after sprouting was more effective than planting the crown buds. Double-layer polyethylene-covered green-house was good for plug seedling production than open field or single-layer polyethylene-covered greenhouse. The bed soils composed of clay loam : compost or sand : compost (1:l=v:v) were more effective to produce plug seedlings than only clay loam, sand or compost. Seedlings could be produced at 30 days after planting in our studies

When the leaves, roots and stem segments of seedling of Polygonatum odoratum were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium with 2.0mg/l BAP, stem segments were the most efficient explants for adventitious shoot inductino. To observe the efficient combination of growth regulators on the adventitious shoot formation , stem segments were cultured on MS medium with various kinds of cytokinins (BAP, kinetin, zeatin). From this experiment, cytokinin treatement was prerequisite for theadventitious shoot formatino,especially BAP was the most effective. Auxin (NAA or IBA) in combination with cyotokinin highly enhanced the adventitious shoot formation. Twenty five percents of explants produced the adventitious shoots on medium with 2.0mg/l BAP solely, while 83% of explants produced the adventitious shoots on medium with 2.0mg/l BAP and 0.1mg/l IBA. Root formationform adventitious shoot was promoted after transfer to 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 0.1mg/l IBA and 0.5mg/l zeatin, thereafter the plantlets with shoots and roots were cultured on 1/2MS medium lacking growth regulators. When the stem segments were cultured to MS medium with 1.0mg/l 2,4 NAA and IBA , yellow and nodulous cali were formed from the stem segments which were developed into adventitious roots. These roots were actively grew after transferred to MS liquid medium lacking growth regulators.

시호의 조직 배양묘와 배양식물의 종자를 이용하여 플러그묘를 생산하기 위한 실험을 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 재분화식물의 순화를 위해 영양배지없이 증류수, GA(0.1mg/l), putrescine(0.1mg/l)을 소식물체에 흡수시킨 결과 GA처리가 신초 및 뿌리생육에 가장 효과적이었다. 2. 무기염류의 농도를 1/2로 줄인 MS배지와 NAA 0.1ng/l +BA 0.5mg/l 를 조합한 호르몬처리에서 배양묘의 생장과 건물중이 가장 양호하였다. 0.4%의 활성탄물의 관수와 30℃의 온도에서 생장이 촉진되었다. 3, 배양식물의 종자를 파종하여 육성한 플러그묘는 peatmoss상토와 마사토을 혼합한 상토와 원더그로 1, 2, 3호의 배합비를 1. 3-0. 9-0. 3로 하였을 때 생육이 가장 양호하였다. 4. 4%의 보광처리 및 30℃의 온도에서 묘령별로는 90일묘가 가장 생육이 양호하였다.