National park, as a natural park, has a dual purpose, to promote both protection and enjoyment. The educational activities of the national park can be partly understood as one of the appropriate means to balance its double purposes. This study provides a review of environmental education in the US National Parks according to social transition. Taking historical perspective and case studies, environmental education has played roles in helping the balance between preservation and enjoyment. Since the environmental movement, environmental education goals, particularly understanding the natural processes observable at national parks, has become more a part of the interpretation and education missions of the parks. Also non-governmental and non-profit partners have played important educational-based roles in support of both the National Parks Service and environmental education goals. The two different models also differ in the public’s perception of them. Federal employees are resented in some rural areas in the U.S., but the general population automatically attributes authority, friendliness, and national-interestedness to NPS Rangers. This may in turn limit how strongly such staff could serve as strong advocates for the environment. On the other hand, the non-profit may be seen by some as strongly liberally biased and associated with urban wealth. It is also not as universally recognized as the NPS. It can, however, go far to develop new partnerships and undertake public relations. Non-profits vary greatly in quality, also affecting public perception.

This study investigates the users’perception of the importance and performance of National Recreation Forest Service Programs quality, forest environmental education and cultural benefits, with the aim of improving the level of service quality within the programs. An Important-Performance Analysis (IPA) was performed to determine significant patterns. The IPA results showed that most users’perceived as important how well the service programs performed to meet their expectations. The enclosed study finds, for example, users’answered that three factors which were less important to them were entrance fee, size of program center or facilities and amount of information. These factors performed poorly, and the program of guidance indicates the need for improvement of these factors. In addition, the finding also suggests how recreational service programs in the future can complement and improve what they offer. These are as follows. The process of preparation and content of the program order need to be effectively established. The Program Director needs to maintain a friendly attitude and must have ongoing training on how to provide effective programs. For programs to be enjoyable and satisfying for users, the location of the programs should provide a comfortable environment. Also, detailed program guidance is required for users’ convenience. It is expected that the results of this study will be useful when ameliorating and establishing the marketing strategy of the National Recreation Forest Service Programs.

The purpose of this study was to develop an in-service education program on multifunctionality of agriculture and rural areas. The in-service education program for general agricultural education was developed by reviewing literature, analyzing domestic in-service education programs. The program consisted of 3 fields - understanding, experiencing multifunctionality, and applying it to classroom, and contents validity was evaluated by 3 experts. And the program was applied to 268 elementary and secondary school teachers. Before and after the in-service education program, the survey was conducted. The survey questions were about motivation of participation, satisfaction level of program, and so on. Based on the analysis of survey data, some recommendations were suggested.

본 연구는 유치원 교사의 교직전문성 인식과 개인연수에 대한 요구는 어떠하며, 유치원 교사의 교직전문성 인식에 따른 개인연수에 대한 요구는 어떠한가를 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구에 나타난 결과는 첫째, 유치원 교사의 교직전문성 인식은 하위영역별로 고도의 지적 능력, 자율성, 직업윤리, 사회봉사 기능, 사회 경제적 지위의 순으로, 보통보다 높게 나타났으나 사회경제적 지위는 낮은 인식을 나타내었다. 둘째, 유치원 교사의 개인연수 내용의 하위영역은 유아 교수-학습 방법 및 평가, 유아교육의 기초, 교사 교육, 정보화 교육, 교육 행정 및 운영, 건강, 대인관계 기술, 예술 및 문화 순으로 나타났으며, 개인연수 방법의 하위영역은 문화 활동 참여, 매체 활용, 교육기관 참여, 단체 활동 참여, 사설기관 참여 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 유치원 교사의 교직전문성 인식 정도에 따른 개인연수 내용 및 방법에 대한 요구는 전체적으로 교직전문성 인식 정도가 중집단인 교사가 하집단 교사에 비해 높고, 상집단 교사가 중집단 교사에 비해 높게 나타났다.