汉字发展有数千年的历史，如此漫长的发展过程中，人们在力图让汉字有效地记录汉语的同时，始终没有忘记对其进行美化加工。本文力图通过对历代汉字资料的分析、比对，并结合文献中的相关论述，从汉字字体典型的确立、社会用字中权威规范以及异写字大量产生等方面，证明先贤对美化的不懈追求对汉字字符形体所产生的影响。 举例来说，我们认为，章草是隶草整理加工的结果，与隶草相比，章草显然对其进行了优化选择，而形体美观是一个重要优选标准。从笔形上来看，皇本《急》的笔形交代得非常清晰、分明。单就波磔而言，我们知道，这是隶草的一个典型的笔形，有时写得非常夸张。但实际上，汉代草书中也有一部分字形是没有波磔笔形的，尤其到了汉末，随着汉代草书向今草的过渡，笔形之间，甚至字与字之间联系的日益紧密，波挑笔形越来越少。但在皇本《急》中，这个笔形不仅存在，而且还有被强化的迹象，如（將）、（必）、（去）、（卜）等字就是如此。所以，这显然都是本着美化的目的经过人为加工的缘故，波磔已经成了权威在对隶草进行整理时一个装饰性的美化符号了。也正是由于这一点，波磔成了章草体的典型特征。

What is Art on the street? Is it a series of artworks or activities performed on the street? In other words, does “art on the street” refer to “Street Art” such as street performance, happening, graffiti, or wall-painting, or does it refer to “Street Furniture” which is related to “City Design” or “Environmental Design”? In a formal sense, they all belong to Art on the street. However, in this paper, I would like to use Art on the street in an even broader sense. To me, “the street” is a metaphor of “environment.” Thus Art on the street is the art related to environment; it is an environment art. Art on the street attests the expansion of the concept of art and shows a new possibility of contemporary art. It is a promising new concept of art, but we cannot ignore the misapplication of the concept that we can find at the crossroad of Art on the street and “city beautification.” Of course, Art on the street can and sometimes needs to beautify the city. However we still need to ask how to contribute to the city beautification with Art on the street and how to validate such a practice. City space is, most of all, a space that people live in. It sounds a cliché, but it is worth repeating to better understand Art on the street. When we consider the city space in terms of its system or organization, we often overlook that it is the space in which people live, and which people create. Art on the street concerns not the city itself, but the space in which people live and make relations for each other. Without taking this into account, Art on the street becomes a mere means to ‘embellish’ the city and falls prey to the logic of capital. In this paper, I critically reviewed the problems such as City Development, Spectacularization, City Environmental Design, Public Interest and City Museum. I intended to emphasize that Art on the street is produced in the cultural space of city, but it also tends to break the mold of the cultural space and seeks a new possibility. Some might argue that my claims are unrealistic because Art on the street is not an idea but a practice. While humbly accepting the objection, I hope my critical suggestions guide a more productive direction to continue our discussions of Art on the street.

Garbage cause an environmental pollution, unsightly mess, fouls an odor, and unpleasant feeling. Various measures to solve the problems are studying. And the garbage are collected and treated by the street cleaner. Street cleaner is working for long time in the street from dawn to the night. And many kind of accidents are aroused, like traffic and crushing accident by garbage truck. This kind of accidents is increased every year. To prevent the accident, street cleaner wear a fluorescent light uniform But a count measures for the fallen accident and crushing accident from the garbage truck are insufficient. In addition, a street cleaner dose not like to wear a working uniform because of inconvenience. Therefore this study try to find a safety system of garbage truck for reducing measure of accidents of street cleaner.

연구지역인 포항분지 북부의 청하와 송라 일대에 분포하는 연일층군에서 2속 5종의 아케오모나드, 이들 외에 3가지 유형의 스토마토시스트로 생각되는 포낭류 화석, 3속 5종의 내골격 와편모조류 및 11속 18종의 에브리디안 화석들이 산출되었다. 규질 미화석들의 군집조성에서 연구지역에 분포하는 연일층군의 지질시대는 마이오세 중기에 해당하며 아케오모나드의 산출에 따르면 미국 메릴랜드의 Calvert층과 일본 중부의 Hojuji층에 대비된다. 내골격 와편모조류와 에브리디안을 이용한 분대에 따르면 연구지역의 연일층군은 남서태평양 해역의 Actiniscus elogatus대에서 Hermesinella conata대의 중부에, 노르웨이해 연안 Vøring Plateau해역의 Spongebria miocenica대에서 Hermesinella schulzii대의 중부에 대비된다고 할 수 있다. 연일층군 퇴적환경은 아케오모나드를 비롯한 포낭류 화석, 내골격 와편모조류 및 에브리디안 군집조성에 따르면, 대체로 한랭수괴가 우세한 환경에서 온난수괴 역시 영향을 미치고 있었으나 두호층의 상부로 가면서 한랭화가 다소 강화되었던 것으로 생각된다. 그리고 미소 포낭류 화석들의 산출에서 연일층군 퇴적 시, 담수 또는 반염수의 영향을 받았을 가능성이 시사된다.

The purpose of this research is to study suitability of a sweeper as a new occupation fitting to the character of the people with the mental retardation. Analysis of job which is necessary to perform the sweeper has been conducted. This research also studied the suitability of the occupation to the individuals with different impairments of physical, sensory function, cognitive function and emotional behavior based on the study of 5 individual participants. Conclusion is as follows. 1. The office building maintenance(sweeper) is an occupation which demands muscular strength of gross motor. Visual perception about a space and an object is mainly needed and the most important facts in the cognitive function are an idea of time, sequence, direction, topographic orientation, & memory. 2. Based on analysis of 5 different individuals who have different functional impairments shows that deteriorated muscular strength (compare to non-disabled person) didn’t affect the job. On the contrary, visual perception and emotional behavior problems are two biggest challenges to the occupation. 3. Not requiring dexterity of hands movement as in the manufacturing industry and broad acting radius, those two facts made a sweeper a suitable occupation for the people with mental retardation who lack dexterity in acting and concentration. Based on the research, a sweeper is a suitable occupation fitting to the character of the people with mental retarcation and it is therefore need to generalize the result of the research by conducting a follow-up research with more participants.