This paper elucidates the novel direction of food research in the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution characterized by personalized approaches. Since conventional approaches for identifying novel food materials for health benefits are expensive and time-consuming, there is a need to shift towards AI-based approaches which offer more efficient and costeffective methods, thus accelerating progress in the field of food science. However, relevant research papers in this field present several challenges such as regional and ethnic differences and lack of standardized data. To tackle this problem, our study proposes to address the issues by acquiring and normalizing food and biological big data. In addition, the paper demonstrates the association between heath status and biological big data such as metabolome, epigenome, and microbiome for personalized healthcare. Through the integration of food-health-bio data with AI technologies, we propose solutions for personalized healthcare that are both effective and validated.

오대산국립공원의 고등균류 다양성 및 분포 특성을 시기별, 고도별, 임상별로 조사하여 비교하였다. 오대산국립공원 내 계방산, 소금강, 월정사지 구 일대에 임상별 6개씩 총 18개의 고정조사구에서 고등균류를 채집한 결과, 542점의 표본을 채집하였으며, 동정한 결과 81속, 256종으로 확인되었 고 최신분류체계로 분류한 결과 2문, 6강, 19목, 56과로 확인되었다. 부생성 균류가 62.9 %로 가장 높은 비율을 보였으며, 다음으로는 공생성 균류 36.2 % 기생성 균류 0.9 % 순으로 조사되었고, 우점종은 맑은애주름버섯(Mycena pura)과 굽은꽃애기버섯(Gymnopus dryophilus)으로 확인되었다. 해발고도에 따른 고등균류의 분포는 200∼677 m 조사구에서 109종, 700∼999 m에서 109종, 1000∼1400 m에서 118종이 조사되었 으며, 채집 시기별 고등균류의 분포는 9월에 132종으로 가장 많이 조사되었고, 6월 33종, 7월 75종, 8월 99종으로 조사되었다. 임상별로는 혼효림에서 124종, 활엽수림 121종, 침엽수림에서 가장 낮은 105종이 조사되었다. 고도별, 시기별, 임상별 모두 부생성 균류가 가장 높은 비율로 분포하였다. 종다양도는 9월에 2.00, 혼효림에서 2.04로 가장 높았고, 고도별로는 유사한 종다양도를 나타냈다(1.93∼1.99). 종 균등도는 고도별, 시기별, 임상별로 비슷한 수준을 나타냈다(0.94∼0.97). 공통 발생 종은 모든 시기에 2종, 전체 고도에서 7종, 침엽수, 활엽수, 혼효림에서 14종이 확인되었다.

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) in pigs has been used as a very important tool to produce transgenic for the pharmaceutical protein, xenotransplantation, and disease model and basic research of cloned animals. However, the production efficiency of SCNT embryos is very low in pigs and miniature pigs. The type of donor cell is an important factor influencing the production efficiency of these cloned pigs. Here, we investigated the developmental efficiency of SCNT embryos to blastocysts and full term development using fetal fibroblasts (FF) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to identify a suitable cell type as donor cell. We isolated each MSCs and FF from the femoral region and fetus. Cultured donor cell was injected into matured embryos for cloning. After that, we transferred cloned embryos into surrogate mothers. In term of in vitro development, the SCNT embryos that used MSCs had significantly higher in cleavage rates than those of FF (81.5% vs. 72%) (p<0.05), but the blastocyst formation rates and apoptotic cell ratio was similar (15.1%, 6.18% vs. 20.8%, 9.32%). After embryo transferred to surrogates, nine and nineteen clone piglets were obtained from the MSCs and FF group, respectively, without significant differences in pregnancy and birth rate (50%, 40% vs. 52.3%, 45.4%) (p>0.05). Moreover, there was no significant difference in the corpus hemorrhagicum numbers of ovary, according to pregnancy, abortion, and delivery of surrogate mothers between MSCs and FF groups. Therefore, the MSCs and FF are useful donor cells for production of clone piglets through SCNT, and can be used as important basic data for improving the efficiency of production of transgenic clone pigs in the future.

이 논문은 정미경 소설에서 자본주의적 격률에 순응하는 윤리에 대한 죄책감이 발현되는 양상을 논구한다. ｢무화과나무 아래｣와 ｢성스러운 봄｣에서 인물은 돈의 위력에 굴복한 자신에 대한 죄책감을 자학과 가학으 로 표출한다. 이때 작가는 이들의 죄를 인간의 한계에서 어쩔 수 없이 파생된 원죄로 자리매김한다. ｢내 아들의 연인｣에서 죄책감을 억압하던 인물은 억압했던 것의 회귀를 경험하며, ｢엄마, 나는 바보예요｣에서 인물은 죄책감을 성공적으로 억압하지만 끊임없이 불안을 느낀다. 죄책감을 억압하는 인물들의 죄는 자본 주의 사회에서 그 부도덕성이 인식되지도 않을 만큼 보편화된 상식에 해당한다. 정미경은 자본주의적 윤리에 대한 투항과 그에 따른 죄책감 사이에서 끊임없이 분열하는데, 이러한 분열은 그의 소설에 그림자 또는 분신 모티프가 자주 등장하는 까닭을 설명해준다.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are of significant interest because of their high porosity, which facilitates their utilization in gas storage and catalysis. To enhance their current properties in these applications, it is necessary to elucidate the interactions between molecules in a confined environment that differ from those in bulk conditions. Herein, we study the confined molecular interaction by investigating the solvent-dependent photophysical properties of two different-sized molecules inside MOF-5. Ruthenium tris-bipyridine (Rubpy) and coumarin 153 (C153) are encapsulated in MOF-5. Rubpy with MOF-5 (Rubpy@MOF) is prepared by building MOF-5 around it, resulting in limited space for solvent molecules in the pores. The smaller C153 is encapsulated in the preformed MOF-5 (C153@MOF) by simply soaking the MOF in a concentrated C153 solution. C153@MOF permits more space for solvent molecules in the pore. Their characteristic absorption and emission spectra are examined to elucidate the confined molecular interactions. Rubpy@MOF and C153@MOF exhibit different spectral shifts compared to the guest molecules under bulk conditions. This discrepancy is attributed to the different micro-environments inside the pores, derived from confined host-guest interactions in the interplay of solvent molecules.

이 논문은 이윤기의 소설 ｢숨은그림찾기 1-직선과 곡선｣에 대한 공식적인 문학교육 방식을 고찰하고 개선 방안을 제안한다. 이는 청소년의 현실과 연계하여 그 정신적 성장을 유인하는 문학교육, 인문교육과 제휴하는 문학교육 방안을 축적하는 작업의 일환이다. 공식적인 문학교육은 이 작품을 통해 타자 이해의 윤리를 주입하면서, 정형화된 타자 이해 교육의 패턴을 추수한다. 이는 학생들에게 공감을 유발하지 못하 며, 작품의 이해를 교란한다. 이 논문은 타자를 이해하자는 죽은 구호보다는 인간의 내재적 한계인 시각과 인식의 자기중심성에 주목하기를 제안한다. 이는 청소년의 심리적 특징인 자기중심성과 연계하여 교육할 지점을 마련한다. 문학교육은 청소년의 실제 현실을 연상시키면서 심리학적 지식을 보조 자료로 도입할 수 있다. 또한 청소년이 당면한 현실적 문제에 대한 통찰력을 기르고 마음을 다스리는 데 도움을 주기 위해 문학교육과 인문교육의 제휴는 유용한데, 그 자료의 축적에 기여하고자 이 논문은 시각과 인식의 자기중심성에 관한 동서양의 철학적 사유를 참고 자료로 제시한다.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of pre-briefing in simulation-based learning on nursing students’ satisfaction with simulation. Method: A quasi-experimental post-test study was applied with 174 senior nursing students at a private university in South Korea. The experimental group (n=88) underwent a pre-briefing program, whereas the control group (n=86) did not. During pre-briefing, students had time to study simulation scenarios, discuss nursing processes related to simulation scenarios, and experience a simulation environment before simulation practice. Satisfaction scores were measured using the Satisfaction with Simulation Experience scale(SSE). Results: The mean scores in satisfaction with simulation were higher in the experimental group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-4.23, p<.001). Conclusion: This study emphasizes that pre-briefing in simulation-based learning is important in increasing students’ satisfaction and should be included in the planning of simulation-based learning programs.

In this study, we tested Japanese trolling lines in the Jeju fishery. This fishery simulates the natural marine environment with many seabed rocks, and has been redesigned and manufactured it to be suitable for the Jeju fishery. In order to ensure that the trolling lines were deployed at the inhabitation depth of hairtails, the conditions required for the fishing gear to reach the target depth were determined for use during the experiment. The experimental test fishing was conducted at the depth of 120 m water in front of Jeju Seongsanpo and in the offshore area of Jeju Hanlim. The fishing gear used in the test fishing is currently used in a variety of field operations in Japan. However, several problems were identified, such as twisting of the line during its deployment and excessive sinking of the main line. The fishing gear was, therefore, redesigned and manufactured to be more suitable for the Jeju fishery environment. For the fishing gear to accurately reach the target depth, depth loggers were installed at the starting point of the main line and at the 250 m and 340 m points of the line. Depth and time were recorded every 10 seconds. According to the daytime positioning of hairtails in the lower water column, the target depth of the fishing gear was set at 100-110 m, which was 10-20 m above the sea floor. At a speed of 1.9 knots and with a 9 kg sinker attached, the main fishing line was deployed and catch yields at depths of 100 m, 150 m and 180 m were recorded and analyzed. When the 180 m main line was fully deployed, the time for the hairtail trolling lines to arrive at the appropriate configuration had to be 5 minutes. At this time, the depth of the fishing gear was 16-23 m above the sea floor, in accordance with the depths at which the hairtails were during the day. In addition, in order to accurately place the fishing gear at the inhabitation water depth of hairtails, the experimental test fishing utilized the results of the depth testing that identified the conditions required for the fishing gear to reach the target depth, and the result was a catch of up to 97 kg a day.

Park, SooHyeon & Shin, Dongil. 2017. “A Critical Discourse Analysis on Immigrated Students' Language Competence”. The sociolinguistics Jouranl of Korea 25(3). 93~138. As one of the most important sites in which language policy is articulated and through which it is disseminated, printed media reportage plays important roles in agenda setting. Drawing on Fairclough's critical discourse analysis, this study examines the effects of intertextuality on the discursive construction of immigrated students and their language competency in selected Korean newspapers. It also aims to show how the newspapers employ specific discursive strategies to represent the immigrated students and their monolingual/bilingual competence from the neoliberal perspectives. Focusing on genre, style, and discourses, which are respectively associated with representational, identificational, and actional meaning of discourse, this study found that different discursive strategies were interwoven, and that they drew on deeply entrenched ideological beliefs about language and society, such as, language as language as problems, rights, capital, and resources It was concluded that the discourses in Korean media could be conceptualized in two intersecting continua informing social integration ideological debates.

To improve the efficiency of hairtail trolling, it is important to gain an accurate understanding of the distribution of fish based on their diurnal vertical migration patterns. This study evaluated the vertical distribution of hairtails through catch efficiency tests using vertical longlines. Five replicate tests of the efficiency were carried out on the eastern coast of Jeju Island from August to September 2016, from 11:00 AM to 03:00 PM in the daytime and 11:00 PM to 03:00 AM in the nighttime. The fishing gear was composed of 20 hooks per line set, numbered in order from the first hook near the surface to the last hook on the seabed. The depth of the first hook was 18 m, and that of the last hook was 86 m. Pacific saury was used as the baits. In total, 10 sets of fishing gear were used per trip. After fishing, we counted the hairtails at each numbered hook, which were summed up both by number and in aggregate. A total of 232 hairtails were caught using 2,000 hooks: 193 individuals at daytime and 39 at nighttime. The hook rate was 11.5% : 9.6% at daytime; 2.0% at nighttime. For both daytime and nighttime catches, there were variations in the hook rates at each numbered hook. In the daytime, a maximum of 28.5% catches occurred at hook number 18, followed by 21.4% at number 20, and 10.7% at number 17, accounting for 60.6% of the daytime hook rates. In the nighttime, a maximum of 23.0% catches occurred at hook number 1, followed by 15.3% at hook number 4 and 9, accounting for 53.6% of the nighttime hook rate. Based on the above results, hairtails are usually distributed in deeper region in daytime, whereas they occur near the surface in nighttime. Therefore, it is necessary to position trolling lines according to diurnal vertical distribution layers of hairtails for fishing efficiency.

This study carried out an experiment to find out the reaction of hairtail, Trichinus lepturus to the colors of LED light as a basic study on the development of the trolling gear and a method to enable the day-night operation. We used hairtails caught around Seongsan-po, Jeju Island by set nets and hairtail angling. The seven hairtails of the average length 68.9 cm (SD 9.2 cm) and the average weight 135.9 g (SD 47.9 g) were adapted themselves in the experimental water tank, 15 m Self-Governing 1.7 m in height and 1.5 m in depth, and then they were studied. We conducted experiment at the Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, from November to December 2015, and the sea surface temperature was between 16.5 and 19.5℃. The four colors of LED light, blue, white, green and red, were set up to transmit downward from the marginal area of tank. The 1 meter depth light intensity of LED colors is as follows: 0.09 w/m2/s (blue), 0.18 w/m2/s (white), 0.04 w/m2/s (green) and 0.007 w/m2/s(red) To know the optimum LED color light, we selected one with better reaction rate after comparison of two colors simultaneously and the selected color was again compared to the other color in a tournament style two times a day (day and night) and ten times totally. The reaction rates were shown as the frequencies of hairtail appearance for 5 minutes in the lighting zone after turning on the LED lights. The reaction rate of the blue was at 97% unlike the red 3% (p < 0.001). The blue was at 75% unlike the green at 25% (p < 0.001). The blue was at 67% unlike the white at 33% (p < 0.001). Therefore, the color of light source showing the highest reaction rate was the blue.

목적 : 국내 작업치료사의 필수 역량을 정의하여 작업치료사의 업무범위 및 필요로 하는 유무형의 역량을 명확히 함과 동시에 작업치료 교육에 있어 구체적이고 측정 가능한 방향성을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 국내외 작업치료사 역량관련 자료들을 종합분석 하였으며 도출된 결과를 가지고 한국형 작업치료사 필수역량 초안을 도출하였다. 이를 내용 전문가 및 직무 전문가 집단을 섭외하여 워크샵 과정을 통해 수정· 보완하였다. 결과 : 최종 도출된 한국형 작업치료사 필수역량은 7개 단위(unit), 20개 요소(element), 71개 수행기준 (performance criteria)으로 구성되었다. 내용적인 특성으로는 기존 작업치료사의 역량이 평가 및 중재에 한 정되어 교육되고 국가시험을 통해 평가되었다면 본 작업치료사 핵심역량을 통하여 작업치료 전문가로서의 태 도와 실천, 작업치료 과정관리, 전문성 개발 및 교육, 책임과 윤리 등 기존 작업치료 영역에서 다소 비중이 미약했던 전문가로서의 태도 및 책임과 윤리, 전반적 과정 관리 측면이 대폭 강화되었다. 결론 : 작업치료 교육은 지식 전달 중심의 암기형 교육에서 벗어나 지식(knowledge), 기술(skill), 태도(attitude)가 통합된 ‘역량 중심 교육’으로 전환되고 있는 것이 세계적 추세이다. 본 연구를 통하여 많은 교육기관들이 실무 중심의 교육방법을 도입하여 학생들의 수행능력을 극대화하는 차별화된 교육과정을 수립하기를 제언하는 바이다.

목적 : 주관적 기억장애가 있는 지역사회 노인에게 다요인 기억프로그램을 실시하여 기억력과 메타기억, 우울에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 연구대상은 서울시 ○○노인종합복지관을 이용하는 지역사회 노인 중 주관적 기억장애를 호소 하는 11명의 노인이었다. 다요인 기억 프로그램은 시각적 자료를 통한 교육과 집단 기억훈련, 개별 기억 훈련으로 구성되며 1회당 90분씩, 주 1회 실시하여 10주 동안 시행하였다. 한 집단의 사전-사후 실험 설계로 다요인 기억프로그램 전, 후의 기억력과 메타기억 그리고 우울 점수의 변화를 비교하였다. 결과 : 연구결과 지역사회 노인의 단어목록기억과 단어목록 회상 그리고 구성행동이 유의미하게 향상되었 고(p<.05) 메타기억에서의 기억책략 사용의 증가와(p<.01) 우울의 감소에서 유의한 변화가 있었다 (p<.05). 결론 : 본 연구를 통해 지역사회에서 주관적인 기억장애를 호소하는 노인에게 다요인 기억프로그램이 기억 력과 메타기억의 긍정적 변화와 우울 감소에 효과적임을 확인하였다.

In recent years, the globalization has raised the interest in the overseas experiential learning. Overseas experiential learning has been playing an important role by learning from various cultures which enables the students to achieve the global insights and leadership. However, the regulations have not been properly established, and Ministry of Education tend to recommend not to travel abroad without a special purpose. The results were found that teachers seek the exchange program with the local students in the partner country, and, overall, the cost-effectiveness was relatively low. Also, with the fact that the revisit was not recommendable, the satisfaction of the previous activities has been questioned. Teachers agreed with the critical points on career development of middle school and high school students, and positively rated the suggested prototype of oversea experiential learning based on career education.

Information and communications technology(ICT) has been emerged as a powerful tool for extending educational opportunities in a global society. Integration of ICT is a key factor of an educational reform agenda in many developing countries. This study examines the current state of ICT facilities and educational environment in Ethiopia. Basic research on Ethiopia and Adama Science and Technology University and interviews with each stakeholder were conducted in order to reveal which factors play a role in the decision to adopt ICT.

목적 : 본 연구는 한글판 School Function Assessment (SFA)의 타당도 및 신뢰도 검증을 위한 목적으 로 실시되었다. 연구방법 : 연구 대상자는 35명의 지적장애 아동과 14명의 전반적 발달장애로 진단 받은 초등학생 49명을 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구에서는 한글판 SFA의 준거타당도 검증을 위해서 적응행동검사(Korea Adaptive Behavior Scale; K-ABS)와 사회성숙도(Korea-Social Maturity Scale; K-SMS)를 준거로 비교하였다. 또한 한글판 SFA가 지적 장애 아동과 전반적 발달장애 아동을 판별할 수 있는 도구로서 적합한지 알아보 기 위하여 판별분석을 통하여 두 집단 간의 유의성 검증을 실시하였다. 이와 더불어 한글판 SFA의 검사- 재검사 신뢰도 및 측정자간 신뢰도 검증을 통하여 한글판 SFA의 신뢰도를 알아보았다. 결과 : 준거타당도 연구 결과 한글판 SFA는 K-ABS (r=.84)와 K-SMS (r=.77)와 높은 정적 상관관계 를 보였다. 한글판 SFA의 점수를 바탕으로 판별분석을 실시한 결과 지적장애와 전반적 발달장애를 유의 미하게 판별할 수 있었다. 신뢰도 검증 결과 검사-재검사 신뢰도 (r=.83∼.95)와 측정자간 신뢰도 (r=.75∼96)에서 통계적으로 유의미한 값이 산출되었다. 결론 : 본 연구는 한글판 SFA의 타당도 및 신뢰도 연구에 기초자료를 제시한 것과 더불어 임상 및 학교 에서 치료 계획 및 중재 전략을 마련하기 위한 타당한 도구로서 활용될 것으로 기대한다.

목적 : 본 연구에서는 자세보조용구 적용의 효과를 측정하기 위해 사용하는 Seated Postural Control Measure (SPCM)를 한글화하고, 그 신뢰도를 조사하여 국내 적용가능성을 검증하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : SPCM의 번안을 위해 한글 번역 및 검증, 역번역 및 검증으로 구성된 번안 절차를 거쳐 한글 판 SPCM을 완성한 후, 23명의 뇌성마비 장애인을 대상으로 내적 일치도, 검사-재검사 신뢰도, 검사자 간 신뢰도를 산출하였다. 결과 : 내적 일치도는 총점에 대해 .92, 정렬영역 .68, 기능영역 .97을 보였다. 검사-재검사 신뢰도는 총 점에서 .95, 정렬영역 .93, 기능영역 .96으로 산출되었고, 검사자간 신뢰도는 총점에서 .98, 정렬영역 .83, 기능영역 .99로 나타나 한글판 SPCM이 높은 수준의 신뢰도를 갖는 것으로 조사되었다. 결론 : 본 연구에서는 체계적인 번안 절차를 통해 한글판 SPCM을 완성하였고, 본 평가도구가 높은 수준 의 신뢰도를 보유하고 있음을 입증하였다. 이에 따라 한글판 SPCM이 향후 보조공학분야에서 자세보조 용구 적용에 대한 객관적인 근거를 제시할 수 있는 평가도구로 활용되기를 기대한다.