This study develops a comprehensive road operation evaluation model that integrates the perspectives of three principal stakeholders: road users prioritizing congestion mitigation, operators emphasizing investment efficiency, and policymakers advocating broader societal goals such as carbon reduction. The analysis database was constructed using traffic data obtained from reliable sources, including the Korea Transport Institute's Big Data Center and Suwon City's Urban Safety Integration Center. Binary logistic regression was employed to identify the factors influencing traffic congestion from the users’ perspective, whereas multiple linear regression models were used to analyze road investment efficiency from the operators’ viewpoint and carbon dioxide emissions from the policymakers’ standpoint. Statistical analyses were conducted on 4,322 road segments in Suwon City, with each evaluation criterion assigned an equal weight of 33.3 points in a unified 100-point scoring system. The analysis identified 15 statistically significant indicators affecting the three evaluation criteria, with the resulting models demonstrating strong explanatory power, evidenced by adjusted R² values of 0.197, 0.593, and 0.544 for traffic congestion, road investment efficiency, and carbon dioxide emission models, respectively. A volume-to-capacity (V/C) ratio of 0.64 was determined to represent the optimal balance point at which the requirements of all stakeholder groups align. When applied to Suwon City's arterial road network, the model identified 248 high-congestion segments (53.13 km), 203 segments with low investment efficiency (26.8 km), and 357 segments with high carbon emissions (156.33 km), each requiring targeted operational improvements. The proposed model addresses the limitations of existing single-stakeholder evaluation frameworks by offering transportation authorities a systematic and multi-dimensional approach to road operation assessment.

PURPOSES : This study sought ways to connect urban above ground roads and underground roads to utilize urban space more efficiently in the development of underground roads, which are currently under development in order to alleviate problems caused by oversaturated above-ground roads. A simulation analysis was performed to develop an operation strategy that connects above-ground and underground roads to prevent congestion in above-ground areas such as entrances and exits from transferring to underground roads as well as to present its effectiveness. METHODS : Traffic efficiency analysis according to the operation strategy of above ground and underground roads was conducted using VISSIM, a microscopic traffic simulation software. The functions implemented in VISSIM were collected to set effectiveness analysis indicators for each underground road operation strategy. The Shinwol-Yeoui Underground Road was selected as the spatial scope of this study, and a surrounding road network was constructed. In addition, full-scale simulation analysis preparations were completed by performing network calibration based on the actual traffic attribute data of underground and surrounding surface roads within the construction scope. Accordingly, a traffic efficiency evaluation analysis was conducted based on the underground road operation strategy. CONCLUSIONS : Information on the increase in traffic volume within the Shinwol-Yeoui underpass was collected every 15 min. The analysis was divided into an analysis of the traffic situation within the underpass through demand control when the service level reached level D and an analysis of when demand control was not performed. It was found that demand control was necessary for the Shinwol-Yeoui Underpass when the internal traffic volume reached 2,500 vehicles/h. In addition, to analyze the spread of traffic and congestion owing to the weaving phenomenon caused by lane changes in the underpass, an analysis was conducted to observe the traffic improvement effect when full lane changes are possible for the Shinwol-Yeoui Underground Road, which currently has some lane-change-permitted sections. The analysis showed that both the maximum traffic volume and average travel speed showed better results when lane changes were allowed, and the communication situation at Yeoui JCT was found optimal.

PURPOSES: This study evaluates the efficiency of snow removal operation resources using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The results of this study can help decision-making strategies, especially for resource allocation for snow removal works on national highways. METHODS: First, regional road management offices (DMUs) for efficiency evaluation were set up, and a database (for years 2012-2016) for analysis was formed. Second, DEA was carried out by selecting input and output variables based on the constructed database. Lastly, based on the results of the DEA, the efficiency of each regional road management office was evaluated. In addition, the potential for future improvement was determined. RESULTS: The results showed that there was a large variation in efficiency of snow removal operation resources by regional offices. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study imply that the evaluation of efficiency for snow removal operation resources is important when decisions related to snow-removal strategies are made by road management offices.

PURPOSES: Regional offices of the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs use a computerized system called KAMIS so as to manage road equipment systematically. Road agencies can record number of operating days by equipment, actual working hours, accumulated operating hours (or distance) by equipment, and operating cost. However, KAMIS does not provide critical information, although it is strongly related to efficient road management equipment operation. In other words, road agencies do not know whether they have sufficient equipment to handle their actual work. METHODS: Therefore, this study suggests a methodology to evaluate for operational efficiency of road management equipment using analytical hierarchy process(AHP). First of all, estimated weights related criteria can be produced by AHP, and then use operational history by pieces of equipment. RESULTS: Results show that importance of management work can differ from weather conditions through five areas. CONCLUSIONS: Commonly, this results can imply to help save money for the purchase and maintenance of road management equipment, and they would improve the functional performance of KAMIS.