한국에서 흰줄숲모기(Aedes albopictus)는 일반적으로 매우 흔한 종으로 여기지지만, 해외에서는 주요 질병 매개체로 인식되고 있으며, 도 시 환경에 잘 적응하는 특징을 가지고 있다. 최근 도심 지역의 기후변화와 열섬 현상에 따른 곤충의 대발생이 보고되면서, 이러한 환경 변화가 모 기의 부화율에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구의 필요성이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구를 위해 서울시 내 25개의 기상청 자동관측장비(AWS)에서 수집된 기후 데이터를 분석하여, 열섬 현상이 강한 도심 지역과 열섬 현상이 약한 교외 지역을 선정하였으며, 이를 통해 임의의 사이구간을 생성하여 총 9 개의 열섬 조건에서 흰줄숲모기의 부화율을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 열섬 현상이 강할수록 부화율이 증가하였으며, 회귀분석을 통해 열섬 강도가 높아질수록 이러한 추세가 더욱 빨라질 수 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 도시열섬 현상에 따른 기온 변화가 흰줄숲모기의 부화율에 중 요한 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 시사한다.

PURPOSES : This study aims to reduce the urban heat island phenomenon via utilization of porous asphalt pavements. METHODS : One of the many known functions of porous asphalt is that it reduces the urban heat island phenomenon. Indoor experiments were conducted to compare the surface temperature of sprinkled dense-graded and porous asphalt and outdoor experiments were conducted to verify the difference between the two asphalt pavements under external conditions. RESULTS : The results of the indoor experiment demonstrated that the temperatures of the two pavements were similar and that the porous asphalt pavement exhibited low temperature when sprinkled; the temperature of the porous asphalt was approximately 2 °C lower than that of the dense-graded asphalt pavement. The results of the outdoor experiment showed that the peak temperatures of the two pavements were approximately the same as usual. However, it was confirmed that the surface temperature of the porous asphalt pavement at night after sunset was lower than that of the dense-graded asphalt pavement and that the peak temperature dropped for approximately 1~2 days after the rainfall.. CONCLUSIONS : Porous asphalt pavement has a lower surface temperature than normal dense-graded asphalt pavement, under the presence of moisture in the pavement. In addition, it was confirmed that the lower surface temperature of the porous asphalt pavement is due to the low heat emission of the pavement at night. Accordingly, it is believed that the application of the porous asphalt pavement will not only have known effects but also significant impacts on the reduction of urban heat island phenomena.

본 연구는 최근 정부 및 지방자치단체가 공원, 녹지, 도로 등의 공공시설을 건설하기 위해 도시 계획시설로 지정된 시설 중 결정·고시 이후 10년 이상 지난 장기미집행 도시계획시설에 대한 일몰제가 적용됨에 따라 지정도시계획시설 사유지에 대한 개발이 제한되면서 발생될 수 있는 녹지지역에 대한 개발의 영향을 분석하였다. 공원녹지의 개발로 인해 생태계서비스의 중요한 역할인 재해 저감의 영향을 분석하기 위해 도시지역에 가장 크게 영향을 미치고 자주 발생되는 홍수와 열섬을 대상으로 분석을 시행하였다. 그 결과, 대상지의 공원녹지의 개발로 인해 유출 량은 11% 증가되었고 대상지의 온도는 평균적으로 2.02℃ 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 도시 그린인프라의 재해저감 기능을 유지하기 위해서는 도시계획시설 일몰제로 인해 발생될 수 있 는 무분별한 개발행위를 방지할 수 있는 정책이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

기후변화에 따라 도시열섬현상이 지속적으로 발생하고 있다. 이러한 기후변화의 영향과 더불어 도시화의 진행과정에서 도시열섬현상의 강도는 더욱 심각하게 나타나고 있다. 이러한 관점에서 본 연구는 도시열섬현상이 도시 공간구조에 따라 어떠한 강도를 띠고 나타나는지를 확인하기 위해 기초연구를 진행하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 따라서 도시열섬현상의 특성을 파악하기 위하여 다음의 두 가지의 분석에 초점을 맞춘다. 첫째, 이동식차량디지털온도계(Portable Vehicle Digital Thermometer: PVDT)를 기반으로 가능한 동시간 대에 도시기온을 측정하면서 이동경로를 중심으로 등온선의 형성구조를 파악한다. 둘째, 이러한 열섬현상의 분석을 바탕으로 등온선의 변화가 나타나는 주요 원인을 파악하고자 디지털열화상캠코더(Digital Infrared Camcoder: DIC)를 활용하여 도시기온을 상승시키는 시설물을 선별하여 표적탐구를 시행하였다. 실험의 결과 도시열섬에 영향을 끼치는 핵심적 요인은 도로표면, 간판 등 표지판, 건축물의 지붕과 외벽 및 차량 바퀴와의 접촉면인 것으로 파악된다.

The present study observed temperature in order to identify factors affecting temperature by zoning and to measure the intensity of their impact on temperature. The empirical results of analyzing observed data are as follows. In order to make up for multicollinearity, a problem in multiple regression analysis, and to give more specific explanations, this study conducted factor analysis and obtained desirable data with adequacy and statistical significance. In the correlation matrix, factors decreasing temperature were planted areas, water surfaces and grasslands, and those increasing temperature were bare grounds, paved areas, and building area. According to land cover patterns, commercial areas had the highest temperature lowering effect. Through the rotated component matrix, we found that factors are grouped into those decreasing temperature, those increasing temperature, and those with low significance in increasing or decreasing temperature. In order to solve the problem of multicollinearity in multiple regression analysis, we performed factor analysis between the land use patterns and temperature and confirmed the usability of factor analysis as a new analysis method in urban heat island.

The present study investigated the causes and intensity of the urban heat island phenomenon by the seasons according to the pattern of land use in Chungju City. Highest temperature and lowest moisture areas of the urban were very similar to the distribution of commercial districts, on the other hand, lowest temperature and highest moisture areas were distributed in manufacturing districts, green zones and the Hoam Lake. If appear at intensity of the distance from the outer circumference of commercial districts, wind direction and the rise of temperature, we could observe the remarkable expansion of high temperature from commercial districts toward residential districts around of downwind in all seasons. In case the effect of the wind was not significant as well, high temperature in commercial districts appeared tendency that a little spread to 1, 2 residential districts around. But checked up the intimate relations between the amount of moving heat and wind, when out of consideration that size of area was not much compared than residential areas of downwind affected by the wind. These phenomenon was relatively obvious in summer, the other side, in spring and autumn appeared a similar tendency.

As urbanization has been expanded in Korea, open spaces, such as urban parks and public sites, have been utilized for other uses, and then this bring out environmental changes for the worse. It is expected that these changes become more serious problems due to overpopulation, increasing individualism, and development of transportation. This research base on the consideration of connecting between decreasing urban green spaces and distributed green sites so as to build the substantial plan for the Green Network construction for urban heat island mitigation in Dalseo district, Daegu Metropolitan City. The result were as follow; 1)Connecting existing natural sites to the remained parks green zone made an Ideal form of Green-Network system. 2)Some school sites were selected for usable open spaces in order to build Green-Network system, and the plan connecting together with exist natural sites was suggested. 3)Moreover, the scheme of planting on the road spaces for connecting green spaces was proposed. 4)The devices of planting on the urban riverside for enhancing the role of urban stream to form green network was conceived.