자율주행차량을 상용화하기 위한 노력이 계속되고 있으며, 완전 자율주행 교통 환경이 조성되기 전까지 자율주행차량과 일반 차량 이 혼재된 혼합교통류가 형성될 것이라 예상된다. 이러한 혼합교통류에서 자율주행차량과 일반 차량은 주행 행태가 다르므로 기존에 는 발생하지 않았던 사고 위험상황을 유발할 수 있으며, 따라서 자율주행차량의 도입에 따른 사고 위험상황을 사전에 파악하고 이에 대한 안전관리 전략을 마련할 필요가 있다. 이러한 안전관리 전략 수립의 첫 단계로 자율주행차량 도입 시 자율주행차량이 사고위험 상황에 처할 수 있는 취약 구간과 취약 상황을 정의해야 한다. 기존 연구의 경우 자율주행 취약 구간 및 취약 상황 정의를 위해 전문 가 설문 조사 방법을 사용하였으며, 자율주행차량 데이터 구득에 어려움이 있어 주로 시뮬레이션 분석을 진행하였다. 본 연구에서는 더 실질적이고 구체적인 자율주행 취약 구간과 취약 상황을 정의하기 위해 두 가지 출처의 데이터를 활용하였으며, 다양한 방법론을 적용하여 과학적이고 다각적인 분석 결과를 도출하였다. 세종시 자율주행 실증구간에서 수집할 수 있는 자율주행차량 주행 궤적 데이 터를 활용해서는 사고위험 판단 안전 지표를 기준으로 사고 취약 구간 및 상황을 정의하였으며, 캘리포니아 DMV 자율주행차량 사고 데이터를 활용해서 연관규칙 기법과 토픽 모델링을 적용해 자율주행 사고에 영향을 미친 주요 요인들과 요인들 간의 연관성을 분석하 였다. 최종적으로는 세종시 자율주행차량 데이터 분석 결과와 캘리포니아 DMV 사고보고서 결과를 종합하여 종합적인 자율주행 취약 구간 및 상황을 정의하였다. 향후 본 연구에서 정의한 자율주행 취약 구간과 취약 상황 및 본 연구의 방법론을 활용하여 미래 교통 시스템의 안전 관리 전략을 마련할 수 있으며, 도로 운영자와 관리자의 의사결정을 도울 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

PURPOSES : This study aims to understand the characteristics of accidents involving autonomous vehicles and derive the causes of accidents from road spatial information through autonomous vehicle accident reports. METHODS : For this study, autonomous vehicle accident reports collected and managed by the CA DMV were used as data sources. In addition, spatial characteristics and geometric data for accident locations were extracted by Google maps. Based on the collected data, the study conducted general statistics, text embedding, and cross-analysis to understand the overall characteristics of autonomous vehicle accidents and their relationship with road spatial features. RESULTS : The analysis results for characteristics of autonomous vehicle accidents, applying statistical analysis and text embedding techniques, reveal that the damages caused by autonomous vehicle accidents are often minor, and approximately half of the accidents are triggered by other vehicles. It is noteworthy that accidents where autonomous vehicles are at fault are not uncommon, and when the cause of the accident is within the autonomous vehicle, the accident risk can increase. The accident analysis results using spatial data showed that the severity of accidents increases when on-street parking is present, when dedicated lanes for bicycles and buses exist, and when bus stops are present. CONCLUSIONS : Through this study, geometric and spatial elements that appear to have an impact on autonomous driving systems have been identified. The findings of this study are expected to serve as foundational data for improving the safety of autonomous vehicle operations in the future.

PURPOSES : This study intended to derive a methodology that can evaluate water splash caused by distress on the road surface based on experimental methods and to present quantitatively by analyzing the impact on road users. METHODS : Through literature review, the current problems of road pavement and drainage facility standards, the factors of road splash caused by puddle was selected to measure damage. Field measurements were conducted by setting different conditions for each factors and setting different conditions based on the hypothesis. In addition, water splash by surface distress type and puddle was measured to analyze using statistical techniques from correlation to multi-regression. RESULTS : The maximum and effective distance due to road splash increases as the driving speed, regardless of vehicle load and tyre type. Splash was measured according to the type of road distress to analyze the correlation between the influencing factors, and there was a weak correlation between the width and length of the puddle, depth and the effective distance. In addition, the interaction analysis showed that there was an interaction between the width of the water hole and the depth of puddle. Moreover, based on the multi-regression analysis, it was not statistical significant. This is judged to that the number of data samples used for this analysis is limited because the diversity of puddle conditions cannot be set differently for each type of distress. CONCLUSIONS : Since the distress of depending on the size, depth and shape of the road surface, it is necessary to calculate it and present maintenance standards, so this results present an experimental methodology that can intuitively evaluate damage cased by unestablished puddle. From this results, this is expected to be used as a quantitative indicator to evaluate the satisfaction of road users as a functional performance according to road surface condition.

PURPOSES : The purpose of this fundamental study is to estimate the concentration of resuspended road dust in urban areas. This involves examining and measuring the factors that affect the dust concentration and measuring these factors and the concentration directly and indirectly by analyzing the factor-effect relationship of the dust in actual operation. METHODS : From the literature review, the factors that influence resuspended road dust, including traffic, environment, and weather data of roads and their relationship analysis were obtained to determine the effects of each element on resuspended road dust. The data characteristics and the quantitative changes in the factors when a high concentration of resuspended road dust is generated are analyzed for each condition. The concentrations of the resuspended dust are presented from the perspective of each factor. RESULTS : When the vehicle speed increased from 60 to 80 km/h, the measured resuspended dust concentration increased by 8㎍/m3 on the average. When the traffic was grouped, the resuspended concentration at 1200-1400 veh/h was 15.84㎍/m3 higher than that of 500-800 veh/h. A high concentration of 60㎍/m3 or more was generated in the SCL high and middle sections, and a high concentration of 10㎍/m3 or more was generated in the SCL low section. Eight cases were observed in the SCL high and middle section at an intense atmospheric wind speed of 3 m/s or more than the SCL level of zero cases. A high concentration of 89.8㎍/m3 resuspended dust was observed after 31 h of rainfall, and the dust concentration gradually decreased by over 50 h. Hence, the passing time after the rainfall, SCL and wind speed, traffic and vehicle speed, and air background (observation) concentration, all have a direct effect on the resuspended dust concentration. Atmospheric temperature and relative humidity have a significant effect on atmospheric dust concentration. CONCLUSIONS : The quantitative indicators of the factors using an estimation model of resuspended road dust in urban areas can be obtained if the conditions for high concentrations of resuspended dust are established using the quantitative relationship of the resuspended road dust factors presented in this study.

PURPOSES: Owing to the growth of income and socio-economic levels, demands from road users have diversified. Accordingly, new road policies are being actively sought. The metropolitan city government of Busan has been focused on constructing and expanding roads to accommodate the increasing traffic demand. Given the increase in functional characteristics, we need to re-evaluate the hierarchy and function of roads, and specifically remodel the road planning and operations that fit into their functions.METHODS : First, this study focuses on introducing the minimum condition required to redefine the hierarchy of the roads. Second, the authors propose a new model that identifies the impact level of road hierarchy adopting discriminated analysis technique.RESULTS: Authors suggest that we redefine the hierarchy of roads in the central business distinct in Busan, and specifically the arterial roads in Busan, namely, Joonang-daero and Gaya-ro. These roads need to be reequipped with cross walks, a lower speed limit, and exclusive bus lanes to improve their accessibility.CONCLUSIONS: The authors found that the sub-arterial and collector roads have been subjected to excessive loads, owing to inappropriate functions being assigned to the main arterial road. Moreover, given that through traffic is concentrated on the sub-arterial and collector roads, over-speeding and other safety issues are consequently created.

연구는 도심부에서 운전자의 시각행태 특성에 관한 연구로서 안구운동 측정 장치인 TalkEye Lite로 운전자가 주행 중 사물을 주시하는 과정에서 발생하는 시각행태 특성을 파악하여 앞으로 교통안전에 위협 이 되는 요소들을 분석할 수 있는 객관성 있는 자료를 제안하는데 그 목적이 있다. 분석 대상구간은 실험 및 자료 습득이 쉬운 대전광역시 중구 태평2동에서 한밭대학교까지 총 11.5km의 구간으로 설정하였으며 분석 방법으로는 TalkEye Lite의 고글을 피실험자가 착용한 후 차량에 탑승하여 주 행하는 방식으로 실험하였다. TalkEye Lite의 고글에는 전방 카메라와 안구인식카메라가 장착되어있고, 30Hz 시간으로 안구의 움직임과 주시시간을 기록한다. 실험장비의 전방카메라의 화질을 보완하기 위하여 1280x720HD 차량용 블랙박스를 사용하였고, GPS장비를 통하여 차량의 위치, 속도 데이터를 분석하였다. 실험을 통해 주행 중 운전자가 주시하는 사물을 도로표지판, 신호등, 주행차량, 주차차량, 도로, 과속방지 턱, 보행자, 인도 및 가로수, 건물 및 도로시설물, 현수막, 백미러, 룸미러, GPS 총 13가지로 구분하여 주시 사물별 건수의 비율, 평균주시시간, 총 주시시간, 평균주행속도를 분석하였으며 다음 표. 1과 같이 나타났다.

This study was aimed at analyzing the location and the characteristics of the Urban hanok tissues that were formed in the downtown since 1920s. Focusing on the relationship between roads and lots, the developing process and the typological characteristics are examined. Through dividing the large and medium lots of the aristocratic families and on the hilly area near the Seoul City Wall, various shapes of urban hanok tissue were evolved. The urban hanok tissues developed before 1936 locate on the downtown sites, while those developed after 1936 locate on the hilly sites. The location of the tissues were identified in the upper area of Jong-no street. The former is composed of small size lots divided into average area 104.4㎡ with the narrow alleys of about 2.0m width, while the latter is composed of medium size lots divided into average area 131.54㎡ with the alleys of about 4.0m width. Moreover the structures of the tissues were evolved based on the developing period and the site condition. Moreover the structures of the tissues were evolved based on the developing period and the site condition. The typological characteristics were defined as the four patterns categorized with the bilateral concepts of alley’s form and of alley’s spacial feature.

현재의 내비게이션 시스템은 대부분 미국의 GPS(Global Positioning System)로부터 전파를 수신하여 측위를 수행하고 있으며, 수신기 알고리듬과 안테나 성능의 발전으로 인해 위치정확도가 지속적으로 향상되고 있다. 그러나 도심부 빌딩숲에서는 GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System) 전파가 고층건물에 가려져 도달하지 않거나 반사 및 회절에 의해 위치정확도가 매우 저하되기도 한다. 도심부의 GNSS 측위정확도를 현장 관측하는 데에는 많은 비용과 시간이 소요되므로, 이 연구에서는 3차원 건물지도와 전파도달모형 및 상관기모형을 이용하여 도심부 GNSS의 측위정확도를 모의하는 GPASS(GNSS Position Accuracy Simulation System)를 개발하고 그 가용성을 검증하고자 한다. 대표적 빌딩숲인 도쿄도청 부근을 대상으로 모의를 수행하고 현장 관측치와 비교한 결과, 측위율은 실측치와 4.6% 정도의 차이를 보였고 위치정확도는 실측치와 3.0% 정도의 차이를 나타냄으로써 상당히 정밀한 모의가 가능함이 확인되었다. 본 연구에서 개발한 GPASS는 3차원 건물지도를 이용하여 임의의 시공간에 대해 모의를 수행하므로, 내비게이션 서비스 품질의 시공간적 평가 및 개선을 위한 기초자료 산출에 활용될 수 있다.