When performing finite element analysis using materials with porosity the porosity shows different mechanical properties from the existing mechanical properties of the existing base materials. In this study the equivalent properties were calculated and verified by applying the representative volume element (RVE) method and assuming that the material with porosity is a 2D orthotropic material. In case of finite element analysis using porous material or composite material, it is inefficient to perform the analysis through material modeling. Based on the element volume and element stress values ​​derived using the finite element analysis program, the representative stress values ​​and elastic modulus matrix were calculated using Python. In addition, equivalent properties were derived using the calculated elastic modulus matrix. The pores were simulated by etching a thin plate specimen made of STS304 material in a certain pattern, and the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio were measured through a UTM and compared with simulation results. It was confirmed that an error of 7.028% for elastic modulus and 10% for Poisson's ratio occurred, and through this, the validity of this simulation was verified.

The demand for materials with porosity is steadily increasing and the need for porous materials is increasing in fields such as chemical engineering and energy storage. In order to minimize trial and error, verifying design validity through finite element method at the design stage has the advantage to verify design validity with low cost. However there are limitations in finite element analysis using porous materials. In this study calculating the equivalent mechanical properties reflecting the porosity was carried out, and the first step was the isotropic elasticity in plane stress condition. The equivalent elastic modulus and the equivalent Poisson's ratio were derived through simulation. Assuming that the voids exist in a two-dimensional symmetrical shape and a constant distribution, the unit cell was defined and the equivalent mechanical properties were calculated. The specimen with same condition were measured through a universal test machine (UTM), the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio were measured. The similarity between the value obtained through the simulation and the value measured through the experiment was under 5%, so the validity of this simulation was verified. With this result, FEM with porous materials will be used for design.

현재 방음을 위해 사용되는 흡음구조는 흡음률이 높은 재료를 이용하여 만들어진 판을 방음이 필요한 벽에 붙이거나 삽입하는 형상이다. 이러한 형상은 흡음재의 재료가 고정되기 때문에, 사용하는 환경에 따라 효율성이 변화한다는 한계점이 있다. 하지만, 흡음재 없이 흡음효과가 나타나도록 외벽의 구조를 설계한다면, 흡음재의 재료에 대한 제한이 없어져 가용 범위가 상당히 넓어지게 된다. 따라서 우리는 이러한 효율적인 외벽의 구조로서 타공판의 구조를 제안한다. 타공판이 어떻게 흡음률을 가지는 지에 대해 등가물성치를 이용한 수치해석을 통하여 검증하였다. 또한 타공판의 형상과 공명기의 형상이 유사함을 밝혀내었고, 이를 토대로 타공판이 갖는 흡음구조에 대해 분석하였다. 결과적으로 타공판은 별도의 흡음재가 없더라도 효율적인 흡음효과를 낸다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 사용자가 타공판의 형상을 쉽게 변화시킴으로서, 특정한 주파수의 소음을 차단할 수 있어 상당히 효율적인 흡음구조임을 확인하였다. 본 연규의 결과들은 향후 자동차, 고속철도, 주택 외벽 등에 사용되는 흡음구조로서 사용될 수 있을 것이며, 나아가 흡음구조를 설계하는데 기본적인 도구가 될 수 있을 것이다.

The usage of corrugated cardboard for packing material is increasing in these days because it is light and easy to manufacture packing boxes. However, the structure analysis of packing boxes, made of cardboard, is not well carried. The reason can be deduced that its mechanical properties for structure analysis are not well known. The cardboards are made different shapes with various types of raw materials that are paper-based compound. In addition, the cardboards are considered to be orthotropic material. This research finds mechanical properties of triple layered cardboard which is composed of outer liner and inner liner. The moduli of elasticity and of shear for liners are found from tension test and T-Peel test. The mechanical properties of the cardboard are calculated using the super position method and equivalent evaluation method.

기능경사 소재(FGM)에는 서로 다른 두 가지 구성입자들이 혼합되어 있는 경사층(graded layer)이 삽입되어, 소재 전 영역에 걸쳐 구성입자의 체적분율이 연속적이고 기능적으로 변화하도록 되어있다. 이러한 이상(dual-phase) 입자복합재의 열 기계적 거동을 해석함에 있어 필수적인 경사층의 물성치는 전통적으로 균질화 기법을 이용하여 예측되었다. 하지만, 이러한 균질화 기법은 구성입자의 형태, 분산구조 등과 같은 상세 형상을 반영하지 못하지 때문에 복합재의 총체적인 등가 물성치 예측에만 국한 되어왔다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 연구에서는 경사층을 미시역학적으로 이산화 모델링하고, 다양한 체적분율과 외부 하중조건에 대해 유한요소해석을 실시하여 이러한 균질화 기법들의 특성을 분석하였다.