본 연구는 산림휴양자원과 산촌마을 연계를 통한 산촌마을의 활성화를 위해 자연휴양림 이용객을 마을로 유인하기 위한 핵심 요소 분석을 실시하고 산촌 활성화를 위한 연계프로그램 도출을 목적으로 수행되었다. 본 연구의 주요 내용은 다음의 세가지로 요약된다. 첫째, 국내·외 산림휴양자원과 산촌생태마을과의 연계 실태 파악을 위해 산촌정책의 전개과정 및 자연휴양림의 특성을 살펴보았다. 또한 현황에 대한 실증 분석을 위해 자연휴양림과 연계되어 있는 산촌생태마을이 하나의 단위로 구성되는 9개의 조사지를 선정하였고 문제점 및 잠재력 확인을 위해 조사대상지 9곳의 자연휴양림 운영 담당자와 산촌생태마을 운영관계자 24명을 대상으로 심층면접을 수행하여 문제점 분석을 실시하였다. 둘째, 일본의 산림휴양자원과 산촌마을 연계 사례 조사를 수행하고 한국과 일본의 산림휴양자원 연계형 프로그램의 비교 분석을 실시하였다. 셋째, 분석된 내용에 기반한 산림휴양자원과 산촌마을의 연계 프로그램 운영 방안을 제안하였다.

본 연구는 전남지역의 산촌생태마을의 운영실태와 문제점을 분석하여 향후 여건변화에 따른 활성화 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 전남지역의 산촌생태마을은 1996년 곡성 원달마을을 시작으로 2010년까지 24개 마을이 조성되 었다. 2011년부터는 산촌생태마을 조성사업은 어촌종합개발사업, 농촌마을 종합개발사업과 함께 권역단위 종합정비사 업으로 통합되어 추진되었다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 2010년까지 조성된 전남지역의 24개 마을을 대상으로 문헌조사, 현지조사를 통해서 운영 실태를 파악하였다. 산촌마을의 문제점으로는 인구감소와 고령화로 인하여 산촌에서의 농업의 활력이나 마을기능이 저하되었고 이로 인해 노동력 부족으로 산촌경작지나 자연환경에 대한 경관창출 및 환경정비가 미약한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 시설중심의 생활환경개선과 생산기반조성사업에 집중적으 로 투자됨으로 지역 관광 활성화를 위한 소프트웨어 중심 계획이 미비한 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 시설에 대한 인력부족이나 전문성 미비로 유지관리나 운영관리 이용이 저조하거나 관리가 부실한 것으로 나타났고, 시설중심의 체험프로그램 운영과 주변 지역자원과의 연계성 미비로 숙박과 체험시설 위주의 단순한 프로그램 운영으로 생산이나 생활, 전통문화에 대한 프로그램이 미흡한 것으로 조사되었다. 이에 문제점을 토대로 산촌생태마을 활성화 방안을 다음과 같이 제안하였다. 첫째, 산촌다움의 유지 및 복원을 위한 산촌경관 재생이다. 둘째, 산촌의 지역성을 창조하는 생활과 생산문화 재생이다. 셋째, 지역기반형 운영 프로그램 개발이다. 넷째, 건강지향형 지역특화산업과 융·복합이다. 다섯째, 지역자원과 연계한 그린투어리즘 전개이다. 여섯째 수요 중심의 홍보마케팅 강화이다.

The purpose of this study is to develop promotion strategies for revitalizing mountain eco-villages through social economic support. In order to fulfill this purpose, this study analyzed operation conditions, income creation structures of 240 mountain eco-villages formed by Korea Forest Service, and reviewed systems for social economic support. As summarized in research outputs, this study confirmed that the activities of organizations for joint projects had not been properly implemented due to the absence of supporting systems following the construction of mountain eco-villages. In addition, 159 villages formed as experience villages could not be qualified for enterprise systems due to aging population and absence of network systems. As for income creation, as indicated by comparing net incomes for joint projects calculated based on the classification of village management evaluation, the average net income of 51 highly-rated villages was 22 million Won and that of 128 moderately-rated villages was 3.5 million Won. Experience-based projects and the sales of processed forestry products made by young adult associations or women's societies were major sources of income, and the absence of inner economic bases or villages' jobs caused young adults and returned farmers to focus on working for outside economic activities. Finally, this study developed strategies for mountain eco-village's social economic promotion and suggested four stages of social economic revitalization provisions.

The importance of human resources empowerment for operation and management is increasing for sustainable effects and improvement in mountain eco village development projects. This study aimed to understand the cognition characteristics of operator who works for mountain eco villages as part of the mountain village development and to suggest improvement methods in empowerment training aspects. The survey contained operator's empowerment and operator systems in mountain eco villages and the results were analyzed for the study. Operators who joined the mountain eco village operator training course by Korea Forest Service were conducted the survey on March 12th~13th in 2012 and March 13th~15th in 2013. 69 and 58 of questionnaires were collected respectively and analyzed for the study. T-test was applied to Intergroup cognition difference and regression analysis was used for influential factors in necessity of operator's role. Collected data was analyzed by statistical package programme SPSS 18.0 version. According to the comparison of empowerment cognition with contingent upon training experience, 'harmony with residents' showed significantly difference at p<0.05 level. In the recognition comparison for prospect of future mountain eco village development, 'various training experiences' was significantly difference at p<0.01 level between positive and negative prospect group. Regression analysis revealed that 'communication with village leader', 'harmony with residents', and 'idea related to the project' have an effect on necessity of operator's empowerment significantly. Based on the results, the study suggests improved directions for operator's empowerment training as a horizontal leader who conduces a mountain village.

This study aimed to categorize mountain villages according to business expense investments and investigate residents' supplementation demands and differences between expected effects by the categories. For the study, 35 villages where are completely developed on and after 2007 were selected to consider fairness among local governments. Each village leader(the head of the village or the chairperson of the management committee) was conducted a survey from 2012 May to August and one copy of survey was eliminated from the study. The study is summarized into four results. First, the types of mountain villages were categorized as a type of mountain village practice(18), a type of life environment improvement(8) and a type of forestry income(8) according by the itemized reports of the business expense investments. Second, the result of F-test(One Way ANOVA) for the average analysis by types showed that 3 out of 6 demands for the operation were significant differences and a supplementation necessity of the program was identified significant differences in p<0.01 level. The necessity of forestry resources use and sprawling development prevention are also showed significant differences among types in p<0.05 level. Third, F-test results from 7 questions of desired effects through mountain village creation project revealed that promotion and market security of forestry products and local patriotism instillation through a personal exchange are significant differences between types in p<0.05 level. Forth, the results of duplication benefits(the mountain village development projects and the village support programs with other departments) on the residents' development expectation found that when a village received a large number of projects, residents' expected effects were higher than other village residents where received relatively a small number of projects. However, the expected effects from the increasing quantities of projects were decreased.