This study aims to reduce the use of chloride-based deicers by analyzing their residual quantities on road surfaces. The freezing conditions of road surfaces were quantitatively defined using needles of consistent weight and diameter, and indoor experiments were conducted to observe changes in surface conditions caused by residual deicers under various temperatures. To validate the equipment, a deicer currently used in Korea was applied to granite plates, and the correlation between the application rates and salinity measurements obtained using the SOBO3+ device was analyzed. Subsequently, the device was employed to measure salinity changes over time by assessing the variations in residual deicer quantities on roads with different traffic volumes and application rates. To identify issues in current reapplication methods, the deicer was reapplied at 2-h intervals, and the resulting changes in salinity were monitored. Results of laboratory experiments revealed that the interval for surface state changes decreases with the temperature despite increased deicer usage, and that similar surface change patterns are presented at higher (-2 °C, -4 °C) and lower temperatures (-6 °C, -10 °C). Across all temperatures, the coefficient of determination for the surface-change graph is approximately 0.90. Equipment verification shows that 10% of sodium chloride is underestimated, whereas aqueous calcium chloride is accurately measured and no correlation is indicated between measurement accuracy and road surface temperature. Field experiments confirmed that the deicer dispersion rates increases with the traffic volume. Furthermore, the final salinity increases after the reapplication of the deicer, except in cases of high traffic volume, and that repeated applications with reduced spray amounts are more effective than single applications with higher spray amounts under low traffic conditions. Based on the findings obtained, a plan to reduce deicer usage is proposed. Future research should incorporate additional variables that affect deicer loss and surface condition changes to further refine the results.

최근 국내외적으로 이상기후로 인한 여름철 폭우, 겨울철 잦은 폭설로 이어지고 있다. 이로 인해 겨울 철 도로의 결빙을 방지하기 위하여 염화물계 제설제가 많이 사용되고 있다. 그에 따른 피해도 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 제설제는 차량부식, 도로훼손, 환경오염은 물론 호흡기질환과 피부병유발 등 환경과 인체의 건강을 해 치고 있다. 또한 날씨가 풀리면서 눈과 함께 녹아 하천으로 유입될 경우 생태계에 영향을 주는 것을 비롯 해 토양에 고농도의 염류로 쌓여 식물잎의 황화나 괴사, 조기 낙엽, 병충해 저항력 저하 등을 발생시킨다. 뿐만 아니라 도로의 지뢰 ʻ포트홀ʼ, 즉 도로에 움푹 패인 구멍 역시 제설제가 주범인 것으로 알려져 눈에 녹으면서 소금물로 변한 염화칼슘이 아스팔트의 취약한 부분을 파고들면서 구멍이 생겨 사고 위험을 높이 고 있다. 더욱이 염화물계 제설제는 교량 등 콘크리트 또는 강재구조물 부식의 원인이 되고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 재생 폴리에틸렌과 무기질 섬유상 재료 및 보조제를 이용하여 폐자원의 자원화 와 더불어 동절기 결빙 방지를 위해 사용되는 제설제에 대한 저항성을 향상시키는 내염해성 아스팔트 콘 크리트 개발을 목적으로 하였다. 공용성등급이 76-22 이상으로 나왔으며, 개질 아스팔트 품질기준에 모 두 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 이는, 개질제에 포함된 화합물이 아스팔트 바인더와 상호작용하여 탄성 계수 및 고온 등급을 증가시킨 것으로 판단된다. 이를 근거로 추후 아스팔트 PG등급에 따른 혼합물의 물성을 평가할 예정이다.

This study aims to identify the most tolerant species under salinity stress from amongst Asteraceae and Poaceae. The seeds of six species were exposed to different concentrations of CaCl2 (0, 9, 18, 45, 90 mM) and NaCl (0, 17, 34, 85, 170 mM), and germination was measured once every two days. The results indicated that percent germination of the six species of Asteraceae and Poaceae seeds were affected differently by changes in salinity concentration. Seed germination was reduced as salinity levels increase, and longer mean germination times correlated to lower percent germination and earlier germination cessation. Both Asteraceae and Poaceae seeds had the highest germination rates at 18 mM CaCl2 and 34 mM NaCl, and seed germination and growth were severely reduced at salinities greater than 90 mM CaCl2 and 170 mM NaCl. In the seeds of Poaceae, salt resistance was strong in the order of Miscanthus sinensis Andersson, Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng., and Phragmites communis Trin. In the seeds of Asteraceae, salt resistance was strong in the order of Dendranthema zawadskii var. latilobum (Maxim.) Kitam, Aster yomena (Kitam.) Honda, and Dendranthema boreale (Makino) Ling ex Kitam.. Overall, the germination rate was higher in Asteraceae than in Poaceae. This study demonstrated that Dendranthema zawadskii var. latilobum (Maxim.) Kitam. is the most tolerant species and that a relationship exists between the salt tolerance of percent germination and the mean germination time in the leaves.