This study examined how smart device applications affected elementary school students who have learning difficulties in English. Five 6th grade students who needed remedial instruction were selected and given 50 hours of instruction using English vocabulary flash cards in a smartphone application. one hundred vocabulary words were chosen and developed for flash cards for the students to examine their intellectual and emotional changes in English learning. The research results showed that the students' vocabulary improved in listening, reading and speaking. It also revealed that the students gained confidence and interest in English learning, and their anxiety decreased. In addition, the application was easy and convenient for the students to use, especially in recognizing the pronunciation and the meaning of the vocabulary words. This study recommends further development and use of smart device applications for elementary school English instruction.

이 연구의 목적은 지금까지 개별적이고 단편적으로 이뤄진 초등학생 대상 영어어휘지도방법 에 관한 연구 결과를 종합적으로 살펴보고, 초등학생 영어학습자를 대상으로 하는 영어 어휘 지도에 있어 효과적인 방법을 찾아보는데 있다. 이 연구에서는 초등학생을 대상으로 하는 영어 어휘 지도 방법에 관한 실험연구 29편을 대상으로 메타분석을 실시하였다. 각 연구는 어휘 지 도 방법, 어휘 제시 방법, 활용 자료 유형에 따라 구별되어 효과크기를 분석하였다. 이 연구의 주요 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 어휘 지도 방법에 있어 암시적 지도 방법과 명시적 지도 방법 은 모두 중간 정도의 효과크기를 보였고 두 지도 방법의 효과 사이에는 별 차이가 없었다. 그 러나 두 방법을 적용하는데 있어서 명시적 지도 방법을 우선에 둘 필요가 있다. 둘째, 어휘 제 시 방법에 있어 그림 활용, 번역 활용, 맥락 활용 제시 방법 모두 중간 이상의 효과크기를 보 였고 특히 번역 활용 방법이 가장 효과적이었다. 셋째, 활용 자료 유형에 따른 분석 결과 맥락 적 자료와 탈맥락적 자료 활용의 경우 큰 효과크기를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 현장에서 점차 관 심이 높아지고 있는 영어 어휘 지도 방법에 관한 구체적인 해답을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 기 대된다.

This study investigates the effects of different vocabulary teaching methods on low- level learners`vocabulary and reading achievement in the high school English classroom. The experiment was administered for two months on three homogeneous groups, each of which was taught vocabulary using the definition-based, the pictionary-based, and the context-based methods, respectively. Additionally, a higher proficiency group was also taught in the context method to see how different proficiency responds to the context method. The post-test results showed that the pictionary group performed the best on the vocabulary test with a significant difference from the context group. The pictionary group and the definition group increased in their reading scores while those of the two context groups remained the same. The vocabulary and reading proficiency difference that existed between the two context groups disappeared after the experiment. The results of the study emphasized the benefits of the pictionary method in teaching voca- bulary to low level students and indicate that implicit instruction of vocabulary using contextual cues and inference may not have pedagogical effects on low-level high school students and that it may even affect their vocabulary acquisition negatively.

This research deals with teaching techniques of the English vocabulary. The study reviews the characteristics of the vocabulary; what types of the vocabulary there are, what it means when we know a word and what aspect of words we teach. After discussing the theory of the vocabulary teaching, the study introduces sample vocabulary exercises developed by others and the author, and the results of English classes which was experimented on with emphasis on the vocabulary teaching. The study concludes that teaching English with emphasis on the vocabulary improves English proficiency and communicative competence as well. The study suggests that it be very helpful to have students understand the importance of vocabulary and learn vocabulary effectively and systematically to improve their English proficiency.