This paper studies the flow characteristics inside the low-temperature carbonization(LTF) including sealing chamber with labyrinth. The flow behavior inside the furnace was analyzed according to different labyrinth shapes. The effects of labyrinth baffle number, and clearance between upper and lower baffles in the sealing chamber were investigated. The large vortex and stagnation region are generated in the chamber when the gap between the baffle and baffle is small. As a result, the gas discharge flow rate can be increased by 29.4% when the flow space of labyrinth is made 75% of the baffle length.

It is well-known that the primary role of a vehicle exhaust system is to reduce the exhaust emissions and noise caused by a running vehicle. However, as vehicle exhaust systems are being evaluated and improved in various ways to satisfy consumer needs, technologies for reducing noise and vibration are significantly being developed. The biggest challenge in designing an exhaust system is generating the optimal back pressure and flow velocity for a running vehicle, thereby maximizing the performance, while simultaneously reducing the noise caused by the exhaust emissions. In this study, we designed the junction chamber shapes of various exhaust systems, which are applicable to V6 and above engines, and conducted a CFD analysis of the exhaust gas flowing through an exhaust pipe. In addition, we precisely measured the noise and vibration caused by a vehicle and analyzed the correlation.

The technology for sludge drying using a microwave is a primary process in producing solid refuse fuel in the waste-toresource process. In this paper, the drying efficiency is improved by investigating chamber types such as square and circle with various mechanical conditions such as the magnetron power, the height of microwave irradiation, and the sludge thickness. In identical conditions, the moisture content was generally uniform in the circle chamber due to the uniform distribution of microwave irradiation, and the drying efficiency was higher in the circle chamber compared to the square chamber. In the case of the circle chamber, the drying rate was increased by more than 30% and the energy for sludge drying 507.9 kcal/kg of water was reduced. Hence, the application of a circle chamber should save energy consumption in sludge drying.