The purpose of this study analyzed the overview of corrugated cardboasrd manufacturing industry and then provide direction for improvement. The BREF (BAT reference document) is an important reference for licensees and officer, including the best available techniques for the industry and achievable environmental performance, technical characteristics, and economic information. In the corrugated cardboard manufacturing process, wastewater pollutants are generated throughout the production process, and water is used in the dissociation and aging process. Atmospheric emissions are mostly generated by steam production from boilers and incinerators for the dry process. SO2, NOx, CO2, CO, HCl, dust, VOC, and odor were common. In the EU-BREF (European union BAT reference documents) BAT for wastewater have taken up a relatively large proportion. Items of water pollutants in wastewater were common in COD, BOD, N, P, SS, and however EU-BREF had different pollutants such as AOX and salt compared to K-BREF. In order to improve the quality of the K-BREF, it is necessary to devise basic data research method and data acqusitiom method. Consideration should be given to additional environmental management techniques that reflect the emissions characteristics of the corrugated cardboard manufacturing process. In addition, further research is needed to develop methodologies for selecting BATs considering environmental and economic feasibility.

The integrated permit system is applied to class 1 and 2 atmospheric and water pollutant discharge facilities in 19 sectors. The fertilizer sector should receive a permit for a period of four years, from 2019 to 2023. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences between the Korean Best Available Techniques (BAT) reference document (K-BREF) and the European Union BAT reference document (EU-BREF) in terms of the process and emission characteristics of fertilizer manufacture. K-BREF is written by focusing on products, whereas EU-BREF is produced on focusing on manufacture process. There are five types of BATs(best available techniques economically achievable) in Korea. These BATs selected mainly to recover and reuse raw meterials and save energy. The number of BATs and BAT-AELs(BAT associated emission level) in K-BREF is smaller than that in EU-BREF. We suggest that BATs and those environmental management parameters in Korea need to further reflect the emission characteristics in the fertilizer sector.

BAT-AEL(Best Available Techniques Associate Emission Level) is the basis for establishing permissible emission standards for the workplace. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate a regulated BAT-AEL setting methodology that is generally applicable to all relevant industries. For the BAT-AEL settings, various factors should be considered such as the pollutants item, whether the workplace is subject to integrated pollution prevention and control, whether BAT is applicable, the basic data type, the emission classification system, and the suitability of the collected data. Among these factors, it is the most important factor to establish the classification system for the emitting facilities such that the emission characteristics of an industrial facility and its pollutants can be effectively reflected. Furthermore the target of the survey workplace should adhere to the BAT guidelines, even if it is a workplace that is subject to an the integrated environmental system. Certified data (SEMS, TMS, cleanSYS, WEMS, etc.) can be used to prioritize the classification system for the emission facility and the emission levels of pollutants. However, the self-measured data, daily logs, and questionnaire data from the workplace can also be used upon agreement of the relevant TWG. The collected data should only be used only when the facility is operating normally. Data that have been determined to be outliers or inappropriate validation methods should also be excluded. The BAT-AEL can be establish by adhering to the following procedure: 1) investigate all relevant workplaces with in the industry, 2)select workplaces for integrated management, 3)Identify BAT application, 4)identify whether BAT is generally applicable, 5)establish a classification system for emitting facilities, 6)collection available data, 7)verify conformity, 8)remove of outliers, 9)prepare the BAT-AEL draft, 10)deliberate, and 11) perform the confirmation procedure.

환경오염시설 통합관리에 관한 법률(이하:통합법)이 입법화되고 이에 따른 통합환경관리제도가 2017년부터 단계적으로 시행됨에 따라, 전통적으로 대기, 수질, 등 매체 별로 관리하던 기존 인허가 체계가 통합 허가 체계로 변경되었다. 이러한 통합환경관리제도의 핵심인 BAT(최적가용기법)이란 배출시설 및 방지시설의 설계･설치･운영 및 관리에 관한 환경관리기법으로 오염물질 등의 배출을 가정 효과적으로 줄일 수 있고 기술적･경제적으로 적용가능한 관리기법을 말하고 있다. 하지만, 이를 적용하기 위해서는 해당 산업체의 관련기술 개발과 경제성 확보를 위한 공정기술 개발이 관건이나 이에 대한 준비가 현실적으로 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서, 최적가용기법(BAT)의 산업체 보급을 위해 관련된 기술의 연구개발이 정부적 차원에서 시급하게 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 BAT 적용의 첫 단계로써 국내외 소각시설을 중심으로 기술개발 현황을 파악하고 최적가용기법(BAT) 개발 및 적용을 위한 R&D 필요성을 논의하고자 하였다.