This study investigated predictors of reading comprehension in elementary school English learners. The study specifically examined the role of word recognition and oral language skills in their reading comprehension levels. Participants were 206 students in grades four, five, and six, and they completed measures of letter naming, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, decoding, listening comprehension, and reading comprehension. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, correlation, and multiple regression. Findings showed that there were significant differences between performances of the 4th graders and the other two grade groups on all measures, indicating a possible ceiling effect in the acquisition of basic reading skills by upper-grade students. Oral language, indexed by oral vocabulary and listening comprehension, emerged as the more powerful predictor of reading comprehension as compared to word recognition skills. In addition, the contribution of word decoding tended to decrease across grade levels; whereas oral vocabulary explained more variance in upper grades.

이 연구는 평생교육학습자의 인구사회학적 배경 변인에 따른 참여동기와 평생교육의 참여 특성 을 분석하였다. 분석된 결과를 근거로 평생교육 지속 및 참여 촉진을 위한 방안으로서의 정책적 시사점을 도출하고, 통계적으로써 분석함으로써 평생교육학습자의 인구사회학적 특성과 평생교육 참여 지속 및 촉진의 관련 요인을 분석하고자 하였다. 이러한 결과를 근거로 평생교육의 참여 촉 진 및 활성화의 시사점을 도출 하고자 하였다. 연구방법으로는 전국 시.도 지역의 평생교육기관을 무작위표집하여 총 표본수 1,607명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the current state of research on learner factors in second language acquisition by reviewing relevant studies published in English Teaching over the past 50 years. A total of 182 articles on various learner factors were extracted from the journal. Further detailed analyses were conducted on 110 articles on strategy, motivation, and personality traits in terms ofpublication year, research topics, participants, methods, and researchers' concentration. The results reveal that research on learner factors has significantly expanded over time in terms of volume and diversity, reflecting increasing research interests in the field. As for research methodology, a quantitative approach was far more frequent but qualitative and mixedmethod approaches have gained visibility since 2000. Yet, most of the studies focused on tertiary level learners, while overall neglecting primary and secondary level learners. Furthermore, individual researchers' interests in the factors looked rather sporadic as revealed in the lack of research concentration. Based on the findings, suggestions for future research on learner factors are made.

This study examined whether learning context and language aptitude affected the use of pronunciation learning strategies and pronunciation proficiency. One hundred thirty-eight Chinese learners (88 KFL Ss & 50 KSL Ss) learners were investigated for the correlation between learning context(KSL, KFL), language aptitude (high/low), pronunciation learning strategy and pronunciation proficiency. Participants' sound discrimination ability was measured by PLAB and then they were divided into high group (upper 30%) and low group (lower 30%) by scores. SPLS and personal information survey were also conducted. The results showed that (i) a significant difference was found in pronunciation proficiency pursuant to learning context and language aptitude, (ii) use of pronunciation learning strategy differed significantly pursuant to learning context and language aptitude, and (ⅲ) use of pronunciation learning strategy could predict pronunciation proficiency. The findings suggest that effective pronunciation learning strategy should be investigated and taught in L2 Korean classroom.

Tandem是一种外语学习方法，这种方法建立在两个不同母语者合作的 基础上，目的是相互学习对方的语言，或者更多了解语言伙伴的民族文化。 对于外语学习者个人而言，Tandem学习法使得学习者足不出户，在一个实 际的语言环境中学习外语变得简单了，因为它提供了与一个母语者进行交际 的机会。它不仅提高了学习者的自主学习能力和团队协作能力，也使得跨文 化的学习过程成为为可能，扩展了语言的判断能力。 在欧洲，Tandem学习法从八十年代后期受到大家喜爱并得到广泛推 广，目前在德国已经制度化地固定下来。在德语地区最有名的当然是波鸿- 鲁尔大学。在中国，目前只有一篇关于Tandem学习法应用的硕士论文。在韩国，釜山外国语大学首次引进了该学习法，应用于汉语、韩国语、泰国 语、越南语、俄语等外语教学，自2009年第一学期到现在共进行了5个学 期。因为该学习法尚处于引进试用阶段，期间出现了许多关于应用Tandem 学习法的具体研究，大部分研究都集中在学习法的介绍和在课堂应用时出现 的一些问题的提出等，没有更深层次的、用具体数据来进的行研究。 本文试图用比较客观的数据来分析在汉语课堂中Tandem学习法适用的 情况。根据每个学习者的特点即性别组合、外语水平组合，对跨国文化的理 解程度的组合，测量汉语学习者的Tandem学习能力。根据本文统计出来的 数据结果将继续调整和完善Tandem学习法在汉语课堂中的应用，并且将结 合外语习得理论进行更深层次的研究。