Steaming is a method that has traditionally been used for medicinal plant extraction. This study investigated nitrite oxide production, ferrous ion chelating activity, α-glucosidase, xanthine oxidase, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of ethanol, acetone and hot-water extracts of Codonopsis lanceolata prepared by steaming seven times. MTT assay showed that each extract was non-toxic up to a concentration of 700 μg/mL confirming that there was no cytotoxicity in all extracts. The α-glucosidase, xanthine oxidase, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities exhibited by the hot-water extract obtained from steaming seven times were higher (83.1%) than the other extracts. Higher production of nitrite oxide and better ferrous chelating activity was recorded with hot-water extract compared to ethanol and acetone extracts. These results indicated that more steaming of Codonopsis lanceolata extracts would be required to validate the possibility of developing antioxidants. Also, further study is needed to determine if the components present in the tested extracts might be useful in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease. These results showed that hot-water extracts may be useful for their antioxidant and the production inhibitory activity of nitrite oxide. It will be helpful in the investigation of the constituent analysis of the steam-processed product of Codonopsis lanceolata.

야생 잎새버섯 추출물을 이용하여 심혈관계 질환과 관련된 기능성 식품 개발을 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위해 준비한 물 추출물과 유기용매 분획물의 혈전용해활성과 트롬빈저해활성, acetylcholinesterase 저해활성, 항산화활성을 확인하였다. 10 mg/mL의 농도에서 물 추출물과 물 분획물은 각각 0.93 plasmin unit와 0.73 plasmin unit의 높은 혈전용해활성을 나타냈으며, 부탄올 분획물은 79.60%의 트롬빈저해활성을 나타냈다. 클로로포름 분획물은 85.88%의 높은 acetylcholinesterase 저해활성을 나타냈고, 물 추출물의 항산화 활성은 39.81%로 비교적 낮게 나타 냈다. 부분 정제된 효소를 포함하고 있는 물 분획물은 섬유소원의 Bβ chain를 모두 분해시켰지만, Aα chain은 느리게 분해시키고 γ chain 과는 반응하지 않았다. 실험 결과로부터 야생 잎새버섯 추출물은 높은 혈전용해활성과, 트롬빈저해활성, acetylcholinesterase 저해활성을 나타내 심혈관계 질환 예방을 위한 제약과 기능성식품 개발에 이용 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

Fumigant and contact toxicities of 11 Myrtaceae plant essential oils and their constituents against adult male and female Blattella germanica were evaluated. Of 11 Myrtaceae plant essential oils, Eucalyptus polybractea, E. smithii, E. radiata, E. dives, E. globulus, and Melaleuca uncinata, showed 100% fumigant toxicity against adult male German cockroaches at a concentration of 7.5 mg/liter air concentration. In contact toxicity tests, E. polybractea, E. smithii, E. radiata, E. dives, E. globulus, M. dissitiflora, and M. uncinata produced strong insecticidal activity against adult male and female German cockroaches. Of the essential oil constituents, terpinolene, α-terpinene, and terpinen-4-ol demonstrated strong fumigant toxicity against adult male and female B. germanica. Eugenol, isoeugenol, methyl eugenol, and terpinen-4-ol showed strong contact toxicity against adult male B. germanica. The toxicity of the constituent blends identified from M. dissitiflora essential oils indicated that terpinen-4-ol were major contributor to the fumigant activity or contact toxicity of the artificial blend. Only isoeugenol exhibited inhibition activity against male acetylcholinesterase. IC50values of isoeugenol were 0.22 mg/mL against male acetylcholinesterase.

Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is one of the important modes of action available for the control of insects. An assessment was made of the electric eel AChE inhibitory activity of 55 endophytic fungi isolated from the leaves of Huperzia serrata collected in Eunshi, Hubei Province, China. Of 55 mycelial extracts and 55 ethyl acetate-soluble fractions from liquid culture of the fungi, the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of strain ES056 exhibited strong AChE inhibitory activity (88%) at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. Based on morphological characteristics and nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequence analysis, this fungus showed greatest similarity to members of the order Eurotiales and was shown to be most closely related to members of the Aspergillus aculeatus group. It was designated Aspergillus sp. MY056. This strain merits further study as a potential anti-AChE product.

The leaves and stems of Dendropanax morbiferus were separated from organic solvents with methanol. The organic solvent fractions were fractionated with dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and butanol according to the systematic fractionation method. Oxidation in the body induces aging, and antioxidant activity has attracted the attention of many people as a preventive component to suppress negative reactions in the body. To investigate the antioxidant activity of Dendropanax morbiferus were subjected to DPPH free radical assay. In addition, acetyl cholinesterase inhibitions were performed for Alzheimer’s disease as an aging neurological disease. As a result, it was confirmed that the antioxidant effect of DPPH was generally good in the antioxidant test. The ethyl acetate fractions of Dendropanax morbiferus stems and leaves were IC50=30 ㎍/㎖. Acetyl cholinesterase inhibition experiments were carried out at a concentration of 250 ㎍/㎖. Dendropanax morbiferus stems fractions showed dichloromethane fraction of 57.68%, which significantly inhibited the activity of acetyl cholinesterase.

본 연구에서는 국내에서 시판되고 있는 4종류의 차 즉, 녹차, 보이차, 우롱차 및 홍차 열수추출물의 페놀성 화합물, 항산화 및 퇴행성 뇌신경질환 저해활성에 대하여 조사하였다. 시판 차 열수추출물의 총 페놀성 화합물 함량은 이었으며, 녹차, 보이차, 우롱차 및 홍차 열수추출물의 총 플라보놀 함량은 각각 350.96, 254.17, 334.48 및 240.23 mg/100 g이었다. 녹차, 보이차, 우롱차 및 홍차 열수추출물의 총 카테킨 함량은 각각