본 연구는 취약계층의 디지털 포용을 위한 기업들의 사례를 통해 탐색하고 비즈니스 모델 캔버스를 활용하여 연구·분석하였다. 취약계층에 중점을 두고, 사업 영역을 구축하고 활동하는 기업의 사례를 통 해 디지털 포용 분야의 핵심 기업 비즈니스 모델을 핵심 구성 요소별로 살펴보고 고찰하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 디지털 포용기업의 특징으로 사업 활동의 대상이나 목표가 결코 취약계층에만 있는 것이 아니라, 사업의 모든 활동과 과정에서 취약계층을 참여시키거나 핵심 활동의 일원으로 고용을 창 출하는 것 또한 디지털 포용의 큰 의미라고 할 수 있겠다. 둘째, 정부의 노력에도 불구하고 취약계층의 사각지대는 엄연히 존재하며, 디지털 소외 계층의 해소 와 디지털 격차를 줄이는 디지털 포용기업에 대한 정부 주도의 정책이나 제도적인 보완이 필요할 때인 것으로 판단된다. 셋째, 공유가치의 등장과 사회적 가치 창출이 지속 가능한 경영의 전략으로 주목받는 현대 사회의 핵 심 이슈에 걸맞은 신 기업가 정신의 연구와 일선 기업들의 노력이 필요할 때이다. 끝으로 취약계층의 포용과 배려를 위한 기업의 노력과 확산을 바라며, 기업의 공유가치와 사회적 가 치 창출에 대한 후속 연구를 기대해 본다.

The world market for brands and licenses is constantly growing and represents a very interesting economic field. Brands are constantly being sold, and brand ownership may change often completely unbeknown to the majority of consumers. Brands are in fact held as any other assets, either by individuals or by companies, as part of their balance sheet (Lucky & Giliberti, 2013). A multiple case study of independent luxury companies enables us to identify the following best practices: 1) Perfume = Survival Most brands achieve a long lasting market penetration once they successfully move into the fragrancies. Every case study confirms the assumption. 2) Perfume + cosmetics = survival and success It seems that the perfume business and cosmetics in general are the main boosters for a brand to keep on growing and gain if not “top of mind” at least “aided awareness”. 3) Less licensees = more business! As strange as this can be, most luxury brands that have succeeded in keeping a remarkable growth have made the decision not to expand their number of licensees, but rather to dramatically diminish them, selecting, in most of the cases, main licensing categories like: 1- Perfumes and cosmetics 2- Watches 3- Eye glasses 4- Limited ranges of accessories The cases show that massive licensing may have brought very interesting revenues obtained “the easy way” by the brands owners, but have then started a decline in revenues due to many practical reasons: The brand loses its appeal by becoming seen just about everywhere and applied to any type of possible product. The brand simply becomes less exclusive and therefore less luxury. Cases like Saint Laurent (new name used instead of Yves Saint Laurent) in France or Valentino in Italy, clearly indicate that the brands managers have decided to concentrate their core business within a very limited number of licensees making sure that the brand orientation strictly reflects the identity chosen by the (new) owners. The most impressive example of extremely massive licensing tending to pull the brand out of the luxury market is without doubt the one of Pierre Cardin.

The study aims to investigate corporate social responsibility (CSR) best practices of the world automotive industry - Peugeot, BMW, Ford, Hyundai and Toyota among others – and recommend that they plan their business strategies and managerial responses accordingly. Based on the comparative research and case studies, this research finds that all five automobile manufacturers have taken very similar measures and actions in order to establish and maintain a high level of CSR practices. Sustainability was a core value in all five companies and served as a guiding principle in every aspect and approach of their business. This study finds that all five companies have CSR strategies in place to increase energy efficiency as well as reduce the usage and wastage of water in their production and plants. This research also finds that all companies monitor their suppliers and their own production process to ensure that they maintain their CSR standards. More impressively, this sustainable management practice is transferred along the companies’ supply chain through education and training. Their suppliers and business partners are closely monitored to make sure that their high CSR standards are respected and followed. However, we find that there also are some differences in terms of their CSR deliveries and activities.

The purpose of this study was to analyse the runoff characteristics of non-point pollution sources in an urban watershed and determine the effectiveness of newly installed riverwater treatment system to reduce water pollution caused by storm runoff in the urban watershed. The results of this study showed that the levels of BOD5 and suspended solid were highly influenced by first-flush effect and the pollutant load of those two parameters were also very high in the urban watershed. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of riverwater treatment system to reduce the levels of BOD5 and suspended solid was relatively high, but those to reduce the levels of T-N and T-P was low, which needs some additional unit treatment process such as filtration and coagulation. Nonetheless, the riverwater treatment system tested was relatively simple in installation and operation, effective in removing many water pollutants and, most importantly, does not require much space as other treatment systems, so it could be an attractive alternative option to reduce riverwater pollution caused by storm runoff in urban watersheds.

National Agricultural Pesticide Risk Analysis (NAPRA) World Wide Web (WWW) 시스템 (http://danpatch.ecn.purdue.edu/~napra)은 다양한 영농방법에 따른 농약과 영양물질의 지표수/지하수 유실량을 웹에서 모의하고자 개발되었다. 단일 토양에 대해서 모의할 수 있는 Single Field 버전의 많은 기능이 개선되었고, 행정구역/수계 경계에 대해서 모의할 수 있는 County/Watershed 버전을 확장시켜, Web Geographic Information Systems (GIS) 버전의 NAPRA 시스템을 개발하였다. Web GIS 툴을 이용하면, 모의하고자 하는 지역을 마우스로 디지타이징 한 후, 그 지역에 대해서 영농방법에 따른 영향을 모의할 수 있다. 모의결과를 웹브라우저를 통해서 지도로 보여줄 뿐만 아니라, 그 결과를 데스크탑용 GIS에서 사용할 수 있는 포맷으로 제공한다. 모델을 운영하기 위하여 방대한 양의 입력자료가 필요하고, 일반 사용자가 준비하기 힘든 데이터들이 있는데, NAPRA WWW 시스템은 이러한 입력자료를 서버측 GIS 데이터 베이스, NAPRA 데이터 베이스, 강우 및 온도 모델 예측치에서 추출하여 모델을 운영한다. 또한, 모의결과를 방대한 양의 텍스트 파일이 아닌, 차트나, 테이블, 또는 지도형태로 보여주기 때문에, 농부와 같이 전문지식이 없는 사람이 이 시스템을 이용하여 여러 가지 영농 방법 중에서 환경 친화적이면서 경제성을 유지할 수 있는 최적관리기법을 찾아낼 수 있다.