This study was conducted to evaluate the menu of a Japanese restaurant in a first class tourism hotel. The calculations used for the menu analysis were conducted using MS Excel 2003. Several previous studies have been conducted to analyze menus. For example, Pavesic used of the weighted contribution margins (WCM) and potential food cost (PFC%) to evaluate menus, while Kasavana & Smith used the mix margin (MM%) and unit contribution margin (CM) to evaluate menus. The menu engineering method focused on the customer's viewpoints, while the Cost/Margin analysis method considered the manager's viewpoints. The menus that need continuous keeping Kasavana & Smith (Star) and Pavesic (Standard) included 'Assorted sashimi with side dishes (big), 'Lunch box special', 'Tempura course', 'Broiled Spanish mackerel and side dishes', 'Shrimp tempura', 'Special sushi', 'Seafood Udong', 'Buckwheat noodles'. The results of this study should increase customer satisfaction and profits at the Japanese Restaurant.

This study was designed to : (a) analyze the menus of the French restaurant in tourism hotel using the menu analysis techniques of Kasavana & Smith and Pavesic, (b) compare the characteristics of the two analysis techniques. The calculations for the menu analysis were done using the MS 2000 Excel spreadsheet program. The menu mix % and unit contribution margin were used as variables by Kasavana & Smith and weighted contribution margins (WCM) and potential food cost % (PFC%) by Pavesic. In two cases, a four-cell matrix was created and menu items were located in each according they achieved high or low scores with respect to two variables. The items that scored favorably on both variables were rated in the top category (e.g., star, prime) and those that scored below average on both were rated in the lowest category (e.g., dog, problem). While Kasavana & Smith's method focused on customer's viewpoints, Pavesic's method considered the manager's viewpoints. Therefore, it is more likely to be desirable for decision-making on menus if the menu analysis techniques chosen is suited to its purpose.

미국은 국가안보와 해운산업 국제 경쟁력 강화를 위하여 미 연방상선대학과 같은 4년제 대학교육으로 상선사관을 양성하고 있다. 미국의 해기사 양성제도는 크게 연방정부에서 지원 운영하는 Academy (U. S. Merchant Marine Academy와 U. S. Coast Guard Academy)와 각 주(State)에서 지원 운영하는 캘리포니아해양대학교 등 6개 주립대학의 정규 4년제 교육을 통하여 이루어진다. 본 연구에서는 미국 해기사 교육기관 중 교육중심의 캘리포니아 해양대학의 교육제도, 실습방법, 실습선 운영형태를 파악하여 우리나라 해기사 교육제도에 도움이 되게 하고자 한다.

A large scale 13CO(J=1-0) survey was made for CMa OB1/R1 region in 220° ≤ l 230° and -10° ≤ b ≤ 10° with a 8' spacing by using the 4 m radio telescope of Nagoya University. 34 isolated clouds were identified in this survey. Among them, two clouds were firstly identified by us. The observed LSR velocity indicate that almost of the all clouds are located in the Local arm, except two extreme velocity. The mass spectrum of the clouds in the Local arm is best fitted by a power-law index of 1.6.

CMA banding patterns of chromosomes of eleven Jeju citrus landraces were characterized and compared by means of sequential staining using fluorochromes of chromomycin A3 (CMA) and 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). The somatic metaphase chromosomes examined in this study were all diploids (2n = 18). Chromosomes were classified into five types based on the number and distribution of CMA positive bands; A: two telomeric and one proximal bands, B: one telomeric and one proximal bands, C: two telomeric bands, D: one telomeric band, E: no band. Four to five types of chromosomes and unique chromosome compositions were observed from each accession. The CMA banding patterns of Jeju citrus landraces were 1A+1B+1C+9D+6E in jinkyul, 1A+1B+1C+8D+7E in cheongkyul, 1B+1C+10D+6E in hongkyul, 2A+1B+3C+6D+6E in sadoogam, 1A+2B+1C+8D+6E in dangyooza, 1A+1B+3C+7D+6E in dong-geongkyul, 2B+2C+7D+7E in pyunkyul, 2A+2B+2C+6D+6E in gamza, 1A+2B+1C+7D+7E in byungkyul, 1A+1B+1C+9D+6E in jigak, 1A+1C+10D+6E in binkyul. Type D and E chromosomes were predominant in all Jeju citrus landraces. The chromosome composition with an even number distribution in gamza was observed, hence it could be recognized as a non-hybrid species. The results indicated all Jeju citrus landraces except gamza seemed to be hybrids, but might be diverged from species originated or cultivated in Jeju, Korea and other countries.