Escherichia coli (E. coli) can easily contaminate the bovine mammary gland; hence, monitoring of bulk tank milk (BTM) samples helps detect mastitis. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of E. coli from BTM of a dairy company. A total of 58 BTM batches were collected from 29 dairy farms of a dairy company, and 40 E. coli were tested in this study. E. coli showed the highest resistance to cephalothin (52.4%), followed by colistin (28.6%), ampicillin (19.0%) and tetracycline (19.0%). However, E. coli showed low resistance from 0% to 9.5% against other 14 antimicrobials. In the distribution of antimicrobial resistant gene, β-lactamases genes blaOXA and tetracyclines-resistant gene tetB were detected in 15 (37.5%) and 2 (5.0) isolates, respectively, and blaTEM, aac (6')-Ib, aac (3)-II, tetA, sul1 and sul2 genes were only detected once in each (2.5%) isolate. The O127 (22.5%) serogroup was the most predominant, but all E. coli isolates were divided into 20 serogroups. The occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infection can be problematic as it not only deteriorates the milk quality but also limits the therapeutic choices of antimicrobials in humans. Therefore, continuous monitoring is recommended to track antimicrobial-resistant E. coli in BTM and raw milk.

The expertise, trustworthiness and attractiveness of the information source all positively influence information recipients’ eWOM (Electronic Word-of-Mouth), acceptance of CSR messages, as well as their attitudes to the company.

The objectives of this study were to analyze customer satisfaction by operational characteristics in business & industry foodservice operated by contracted foodservice management company. The instruments were developed by reviewing literatures on customer satisfaction and by intervewing with managers, employers and customers. A total of 1000 questionnaires were hand delivered at the ten contracted foodservice operations by designated coordinators. A total of 833 questionnaires were usable; resulting in an 83.3% response rate. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SAS 6.04 for description, T-test, ANOVA. Overall customer satisfaction score for office building foodservice was significantly higher than those for manufacturing company foodservice. As for the type of management contracts, overall customer satisfaction score for management fee contracts was significantly higher than those for profit and loss contracts. With regard to payment method, overall customer satisfaction score for meal card was higher than those for POS system. Concerning the categories of service, overall customer satisfaction for combo-tray service was higher than those for cafeteria-tray service and partially self-service. As for types of menus, the score of overall customer satisfaction was not significantly different between cafeteria menu and double choice menu.

The study aims to investigates and explore the quality of work life (QWL) and also to find out which QWL factors are considered as primary factors among employees of PT. Duta Transformasi Insani, a consulting service management in Indonesia. The factors of QWL in this study consist of nine components, which are: work environment, organizational culture and climate, relation and cooperation, training and development, reward and compensation, facilities, job satisfaction and job security, work autonomy, and resource adequacy. This study conducted a survey of every employee who works for PT. Duta Insani, which consists of various sample characteristics, such as gender, education level, and length of employment. The descriptive analysis also analyzes how the QWL condition in this company. The method in this research using quantitative descriptive and factor analysis, together with validity and reliability tests, to fulfill the study objectives. The results showed that most dimensions of employees’ QWL are within a valid category, with an 80 percent average of this variable. Furthermore, the results also indicate there are two major factors constituting the quality of work life of the employees of PT. Duta Transformasi, which are supportive organizational culture, accounting for 47.75 percent, and organizational facilities, accounting for 13.03 percent.